Infectious disease of central nervous system

MedGen UID:: 2948
•Concept ID:: C0007684
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonyms:	Central Nervous System Infection; Central Nervous System Infections; CNS Infection; CNS Infections; Infection, CNS; Infections, Central Nervous System; Infections, CNS
SNOMED CT:	Infectious disease of central nervous system (128117002)

Definition

An infectious process that affects the brain and/or spinal cord. Representative examples include encephalitis, poliomyelitis, arachnoiditis, and meningitis. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVInfectious disease of central nervous system

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Pathological process
  - Disease
    - Disorder by Site
      - Disorder of nervous system
        Disorder of the central nervous system
        Infectious disease of central nervous system
        Arachnoiditis
        Spinal arachnoiditis
        Bacterial infection of central nervous system
        Bacterial meningitis
        Escherichia coli meningitis
        H influenze type B Meningitis
        Haemophilus meningitis
        Listeria meningitis
        Meningococcal meningitis
        Pneumococcal meningitis
        Tuberculosis of meninges
        Central nervous system tuberculosis
        Tuberculoma of brain
        Lyme neuroborreliosis
        Neurosyphilis
        Tabes dorsalis
        Brain abscess
        Cerebral toxoplasmosis
        Cerebral abscess
        Actinomycotic brain abscess
        Cerebritis
        Encephalomyelitis
        Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
        Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with anti-MOG antibodies
        Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis without anti-MOG antibodies
        Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
        Encephalomyelitis, Equine
        Eastern equine encephalitis
        Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection
        Western equine encephalitis
        Infection causing encephalomyelitis
        Myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
        Epidural abscess
        Fungal infection of central nervous system
        Fungal meningitis
        Coccidioidal meningitis
        Cryptococcal meningitis
        Neuroaspergillosis
        HTLV-1-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis
        Infectious encephalitis
        Bacterial encephalitis
        Viral encephalitis
        Acute hemorrhagic encephalitis
        Acute necrotizing encephalitis
        Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood
        Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis, vector unknown
        Colorado tick fever
        COVID-19-Associated Encephalitis
        EBV encephalitis
        Encephalitis lethargica
        Enteroviral encephalitis
        Hendra virus infection
        Herpes simplex encephalitis
        Japanese encephalitis virus disease
        Kluver-Bucy syndrome
        La Crosse encephalitis
        Mosquito-borne viral encephalitis
        Mycoplasma encephalitis
        Nipah virus disease
        Postvaricella encephalitis
        Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
        Progressive rubella panencephalitis
        St. Louis encephalitis
        Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
        Tick-borne encephalitis
        West-Nile encephalitis
        Infectious meningitis
        Viral meningitis
        Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
        Infectious Meningoencephalitis
        Leukoencephalopathy
        CNS demyelinating autoimmune disease
        Multiple sclerosis
        Neuromyelitis optica
        Schilder disease
        Transverse myelitis
        Diffuse leukoencephalopathy
        Diffuse spongiform leukoencephalopathy
        Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases
        Adrenoleukodystrophy
        Alexander disease
        Galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase deficiency
        Metachromatic leukodystrophy
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
        Spongy degeneration of central nervous system
        Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids
        Leukoencephalopathy, diffuse hereditary, with spheroids 1
        Human immunodeficiency virus leukoencephalopathy
        Posterior leukoencephalopathy
        Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome
        Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
        Progressive leukoencephalopathy
        Vanishing white matter disease
        Congenital or early infantile CACH syndrome
        Juvenile or adult CACH syndrome
        Late infantile CACH syndrome
        Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter 1
        Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter 2
        Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter 3
        Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter 4
        Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter 5
        Ovarioleukodystrophy
        Vascular dementia
        Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy
        Multi-infarct dementia
        Meningoencephalitis
        Central nervous system lupus
        Myelitis
        Acute flaccid myelitis
        Acute transverse myelitis
        Acute transverse myelitis with anti-MOG antibodies
        Idiopathic acute transverse myelitis
        Poliomyelitis
        Bulbar polio
        Post poliomyelitis syndrome
        Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis
        Parasitic infection of central nervous system
        Central Nervous System Helminthiasis
        Cerebral cysticercosis
        Neuroschistosomiasis
        Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
        Cerebral malaria
        Congenital toxoplasmosis
        Perimeningeal Infections
        Subdural empyema
        Prion disease
        Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
        Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
        Acquired Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
        Inherited Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
        Fatal familial insomnia
        Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome
        Kuru
        Scrapie
        Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
        Wasting Disease, Chronic
        Viral infection of central nervous system
        Limbic encephalitis
        Pseudorabies

Professional guidelines

PubMed

European society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of brain abscess in children and adults.

Bodilsen J, D'Alessandris QG, Humphreys H, Iro MA, Klein M, Last K, Montesinos IL, Pagliano P, Sipahi OR, San-Juan R, Tattevin P, Thurnher M, de J Treviño-Rangel R, Brouwer MC; ESCMID Study Group for Infections of the Brain (ESGIB)
Clin Microbiol Infect 2024 Jan;30(1):66-89. Epub 2023 Aug 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.08.016. PMID: 37648062

Autoimmune encephalitis: clinical spectrum and management.

Uy CE, Binks S, Irani SR
Pract Neurol 2021 Oct;21(5):412-423. Epub 2021 Jun 9 doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2020-002567. PMID: 34108243 Free PMC Article

ESCMID guideline: diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial meningitis.

van de Beek D, Cabellos C, Dzupova O, Esposito S, Klein M, Kloek AT, Leib SL, Mourvillier B, Ostergaard C, Pagliano P, Pfister HW, Read RC, Sipahi OR, Brouwer MC; ESCMID Study Group for Infections of the Brain (ESGIB)
Clin Microbiol Infect 2016 May;22 Suppl 3:S37-62. Epub 2016 Apr 7 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.007. PMID: 27062097

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Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The emerging links between immunosenescence in innate immune system and neurocryptococcosis.

Soraci L, Beccacece A, Princiotto M, Villalta Savedra E, Gambuzza ME, Aguennouz M, Corsonello A, Luciani F, Muglia L, Filicetti E, Greco GI, Volpentesta M, Biscetti L
Front Immunol 2024;15:1410090. Epub 2024 Aug 20 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1410090. PMID: 39229268 Free PMC Article

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