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Arachnoiditis

MedGen UID:
8175
•Concept ID:
C0003708
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Arachnoid Membrane Inflammation; Arachnoid Membrane Inflammations; Arachnoiditides; Inflammation, Arachnoid Membrane; Inflammations, Arachnoid Membrane
SNOMED CT: Arachnoiditis (8217007)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0015304
Orphanet: ORPHA137817

Definition

A chronic inflammation of the arachnoid layer of the meninges, of which adhesive arachnoiditis is the most severe form, characterized by debilitating, intractable neurogenic back and limb pain and a range of other neurological problems. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVArachnoiditis
Follow this link to review classifications for Arachnoiditis in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculous Meningitis in Children- an Update.
van Toorn R, Solomons R
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023 Oct;47:101071. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101071. PMID: 37919031
Pulse corticosteroids for the management of extensive CNS tuberculosis presenting with acute-onset quadriparesis.
Arora U, Garg P, Raut SK, Vibha D, Baitha U, Kumar A, Jorwal P, Soneja M, Biswas A
Drug Discov Ther 2022 May 17;16(2):102-104. Epub 2022 Mar 24 doi: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01015. PMID: 35321986
Subarachnoid neurocysticercosis: emerging concepts and treatment.
Nash TE, O'Connell EM
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Oct;33(5):339-346. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000669. PMID: 32868512Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Is ventricular lavage a novel treatment of neonatal posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus? a meta analysis.
Parenrengi MA, Ranuh IGMAR, Suryaningtyas W
Childs Nerv Syst 2023 Apr;39(4):929-935. Epub 2023 Jan 9 doi: 10.1007/s00381-022-05790-3. PMID: 36622374
Spondylotic and Other Structural Myelopathies.
Bhattacharyya S
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2021 Feb 1;27(1):163-184. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000975. PMID: 33522741
A comprehensive review of spinal arachnoiditis.
Wright MH, Denney LC
Orthop Nurs 2003 May-Jun;22(3):215-9; quiz 220-1. doi: 10.1097/00006416-200305000-00010. PMID: 12803151
Syringomyelia and arachnoiditis.
Caplan LR, Norohna AB, Amico LL
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990 Feb;53(2):106-13. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.53.2.106. PMID: 2313296Free PMC Article
Steroid-induced arachnoiditis.
Roche J
Med J Aust 1984 Mar 3;140(5):281-4. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb104038.x. PMID: 6700461

Diagnosis

Tuberculous Optochiasmatic Arachnoiditis.
Amado C, Lizárraga KJ
N Engl J Med 2023 Feb 16;388(7):641. Epub 2023 Feb 11 doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm2205437. PMID: 36779645
Arachnoiditis.
Kalina J
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2012 Jun;26(2):176-7. doi: 10.3109/15360288.2012.671239. PMID: 22764866
Arachnoiditis ossificans.
Singh H, Meyer SA, Jannapureddy MR, Weiss N
World Neurosurg 2011 Nov;76(5):478.e12-4. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2010.12.001. PMID: 22152583
CNS tuberculosis.
Sheller JR, Des Prez RM
Neurol Clin 1986 Feb;4(1):143-58. doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30992-7. PMID: 3523199Free PMC Article
Spinal arachnoiditis.
Esses SI, Morley TP
Can J Neurol Sci 1983 Feb;10(1):2-10. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100044486. PMID: 6404543

Therapy

A phase I/II study of intrathecal trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) cancer with leptomeningeal metastases: Safety, efficacy, and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics.
Kumthekar PU, Avram MJ, Lassman AB, Lin NU, Lee E, Grimm SA, Schwartz M, Bell Burdett KL, Lukas RV, Dixit K, Perron I, Zhang H, Gradishar WJ, Pentsova EI, Jeyapalan S, Groves MD, Melisko M, Raizer JJ
Neuro Oncol 2023 Mar 14;25(3):557-565. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noac195. PMID: 35948282Free PMC Article
Arachnoiditis.
Kalina J
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2012 Jun;26(2):176-7. doi: 10.3109/15360288.2012.671239. PMID: 22764866
Hydrocephalus in neurocysticercosis.
Matushita H, Pinto FC, Cardeal DD, Teixeira MJ
Childs Nerv Syst 2011 Oct;27(10):1709-21. Epub 2011 Sep 17 doi: 10.1007/s00381-011-1500-3. PMID: 21928035
CNS tuberculosis.
Sheller JR, Des Prez RM
Neurol Clin 1986 Feb;4(1):143-58. doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30992-7. PMID: 3523199Free PMC Article
Steroid-induced arachnoiditis.
Roche J
Med J Aust 1984 Mar 3;140(5):281-4. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb104038.x. PMID: 6700461

Prognosis

Central Nervous System Tuberculosis.
Leonard JM
Microbiol Spectr 2017 Mar;5(2) doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0044-2017. PMID: 28281443
Hydrocephalus in neurocysticercosis.
Matushita H, Pinto FC, Cardeal DD, Teixeira MJ
Childs Nerv Syst 2011 Oct;27(10):1709-21. Epub 2011 Sep 17 doi: 10.1007/s00381-011-1500-3. PMID: 21928035
A comprehensive review of spinal arachnoiditis.
Wright MH, Denney LC
Orthop Nurs 2003 May-Jun;22(3):215-9; quiz 220-1. doi: 10.1097/00006416-200305000-00010. PMID: 12803151
Syringomyelia and arachnoiditis.
Caplan LR, Norohna AB, Amico LL
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990 Feb;53(2):106-13. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.53.2.106. PMID: 2313296Free PMC Article
CNS tuberculosis.
Sheller JR, Des Prez RM
Neurol Clin 1986 Feb;4(1):143-58. doi: 10.1016/S0733-8619(18)30992-7. PMID: 3523199Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

A phase I/II study of intrathecal trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) cancer with leptomeningeal metastases: Safety, efficacy, and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics.
Kumthekar PU, Avram MJ, Lassman AB, Lin NU, Lee E, Grimm SA, Schwartz M, Bell Burdett KL, Lukas RV, Dixit K, Perron I, Zhang H, Gradishar WJ, Pentsova EI, Jeyapalan S, Groves MD, Melisko M, Raizer JJ
Neuro Oncol 2023 Mar 14;25(3):557-565. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noac195. PMID: 35948282Free PMC Article
Iatrogenic fungal infections of central nervous system.
Lahoti S, Berger JR
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2013 Nov;13(11):399. doi: 10.1007/s11910-013-0399-3. PMID: 24078440
Syringomyelia: clinical observations and experimental studies.
Madsen PW 3rd, Yezierski RP, Holets VR
J Neurotrauma 1994 Jun;11(3):241-54. doi: 10.1089/neu.1994.11.241. PMID: 7996579
Apnea in patients with myelomeningocele.
Cochrane DD, Adderley R, White CP, Norman M, Steinbok P
Pediatr Neurosurg 1990-1991;16(4-5):232-9. doi: 10.1159/000120533. PMID: 2135193
Intracranial neurosarcoidosis.
Kumpe DA, Rao CV, Garcia JH, Heck AF
J Comput Assist Tomogr 1979 Jun;3(3):324-30. doi: 10.1097/00004728-197906000-00004. PMID: 312300

Recent systematic reviews

Association between perioperative neuraxial local anesthetic neurotoxicity and arachnoiditis: a narrative review of published reports.
Brenna CTA, Khan S, Poots C, Brull R
Reg Anesth Pain Med 2024 Oct 8;49(10):726-750. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2023-104941. PMID: 38050164
Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review.
Wang YB, Wang DH, Deng SL
Spine J 2023 Aug;23(8):1199-1211. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.03.002. PMID: 36924909
The leptomeninges as a critical organ for normal CNS development and function: First patient and public involved systematic review of arachnoiditis (chronic meningitis).
Palackdkharry CS, Wottrich S, Dienes E, Bydon M, Steinmetz MP, Traynelis VC
PLoS One 2022;17(9):e0274634. Epub 2022 Sep 30 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274634. PMID: 36178925Free PMC Article
Arachnoiditis, a complication of epidural blood patch for the treatment of low-pressure headache: A case report and systematic review.
Villani LA, Digre KB, Cortez MM, Bokat C, Rassner UA, Ozudogru SN
Headache 2021 Feb;61(2):244-252. Epub 2021 Feb 13 doi: 10.1111/head.14076. PMID: 33583044
Systematic review of percutaneous adhesiolysis and management of chronic low back pain in post lumbar surgery syndrome.
Epter RS, Helm S 2nd, Hayek SM, Benyamin RM, Smith HS, Abdi S
Pain Physician 2009 Mar-Apr;12(2):361-78. PMID: 19305485

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