Neoplasm of brain

MedGen UID:: 14216
•Concept ID:: C0006118
•: Neoplastic Process

Synonyms:	Brain neoplasm; Brain Neoplasms; Brain tumour
SNOMED CT:	Neoplasm of brain (126952004); Brain tumor (126952004)

HPO:	HP:0030692
Monarch Initiative:	MONDO:0021211

Definition

A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from or metastasizes to the brain. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

Neoplasm of brain
- CROGVBenign neoplasm of brain
- Malignant neoplasm of brain

Pathological process
- Disease
  - Disorder by Site
    - Disorder of nervous system
      - Disorder of the central nervous system
        Brain disorder
        Neoplasm of brain
        Adult Brain Neoplasm
        Adult Benign Brain Neoplasm
        Adult Benign Brain Stem Neoplasm
        Adult Benign Cerebellar Neoplasm
        Adult Benign Cerebral Neoplasm
        Adult Craniopharyngioma
        Adult Pineocytoma
        Adult brain ependymoma
        Adult Brain Oligodendroglioma
        Adult brain stem neoplasm
        Adult brainstem glioma
        Adult cerebellar neoplasm
        Adult medulloblastoma
        Adult choroid plexus neoplasm
        Adult Intracranial Meningioma
        Adult Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Adult Brain Glioblastoma
        Adult intracranial malignant hemangiopericytoma
        Adult pineoblastoma
        Adult Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified
        Metastatic Adult Malignant Neoplasm in the Brain
        Adult Mixed Glioma
        Adult brainstem mixed glioma
        Adult Pineal Gland Astrocytoma
        Adult pineal parenchymal tumor
        Adult Subependymoma
        Recurrent Adult Brain Neoplasm
        Benign neoplasm of brain
        Benign choroid plexus neoplasm
        Choroid plexus papilloma
        Benign Infratentorial Neoplasm
        Benign neoplasm of brain stem
        Benign neoplasm of cerebellum
        C-P angle neurinoma
        Benign Supratentorial Neoplasm
        Benign Diencephalic Neoplasm
        Benign neoplasm of cerebrum
        Benign neoplasm of pituitary gland
        Benign Pineal Region Neoplasm
        Childhood Benign Supratentorial Neoplasm
        Brain hemangioma
        Cerebral hemangioma
        Childhood Benign Brain Neoplasm
        Craniopharyngioma
        Adamantinous craniopharyngioma
        Childhood Craniopharyngioma
        Papillary craniopharyngioma
        Recurrent Craniopharyngioma
        Unresectable Craniopharyngioma
        Cerebral ventricle cancer
        Central neurocytoma
        Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle
        Choroid plexus neoplasm
        Atypical choroid plexus papilloma
        Childhood choroid plexus neoplasm
        Choroid plexus cancer
        Choroid plexus carcinoma
        Intraventricular meningioma
        Lateral ventricle meningioma
        Childhood Brain Neoplasm
        Childhood Brain Anaplastic Astrocytoma
        Childhood Cerebellar Anaplastic Astrocytoma
        Childhood Cerebral Anaplastic Astrocytoma
        Childhood Brain Glioblastoma
        Childhood Brain Stem Gliosarcoma
        Childhood brain meningioma
        Childhood Brain Oligodendroglioma
        Childhood germ cell brain tumor
        Childhood brain germinoma
        Childhood Gliomatosis Cerebri
        Recurrent Childhood Gliomatosis Cerebri
        Childhood infratentorial neoplasm
        Childhood brain stem neoplasm
        Childhood cerebellar neoplasm
        Pediatric infratentorial ependymoblastoma
        Pediatric infratentorial ependymoma
        Childhood optic nerve glioma
        Childhood optic tract astrocytoma
        Recurrent Childhood Visual Pathway Glioma
        Childhood Supratentorial Neoplasm
        Childhood Central Nervous System Ganglioneuroblastoma
        Childhood Central Nervous System Neuroblastoma
        Childhood cerebral astrocytoma
        Childhood Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm
        Childhood supratentorial embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered
        Childhood Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified
        Pediatric supratentorial ependymoma
        Recurrent Childhood Brain Neoplasm
        Recurrent Childhood Brain Stem Glioma
        Recurrent Childhood Cerebellar Astrocytoma
        Recurrent Childhood Cerebral Astrocytoma
        Recurrent Childhood Medulloblastoma
        Recurrent Childhood Pineoblastoma
        Recurrent Childhood Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified
        Infratentorial neoplasm
        Brainstem neoplasm
        Brainstem cancer
        Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
        Primary Brain Stem Neoplasm
        Cerebellar neoplasm
        Cancer of cerebellum
        Cerebellar astrocytoma
        Cerebellar Ependymal Tumor
        Cerebellar Glioneuronal and Neuronal Tumors
        Cerebellar hemangioblastoma
        Cerebellar Paraganglioma
        Cerebellar Peduncle Neoplasm
        Cerebellopontine angle tumor
        Cerebellopontine angle embryonal tumor
        Cerebellopontine angle meningioma
        Foramen magnum meningioma
        Anterior foramen magnum meningioma
        Posterior foramen magnum meningioma
        Infratentorial cancer
        Infratentorial Glioblastoma
        Infratentorial ependymal tumor
        Brain stem ependymoma
        Malignant neoplasm of brain
        Brain germinoma
        Pineal region germinoma
        Third Ventricle Germinoma
        Brain sarcoma
        Gliomatosis cerebri
        Gliomatosis Cerebri Type I
        Gliomatosis Cerebri Type II
        Recurrent Gliomatosis Cerebri
        Intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor
        Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor
        Localized Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Malignant Brain Glioma
        Anaplastic Brain Stem Glioma
        Anaplastic Diencephalic Astrocytoma
        Brain glioblastoma
        Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant
        Frontal Lobe Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma
        Hemispheric Anaplastic Astrocytoma
        Secondary Supratentorial Anaplastic Astrocytoma
        Metastatic malignant neoplasm in the brain
        Breast Carcinoma Metastatic in the Brain
        Lung Carcinoma Metastatic in the Brain
        Melanoma Metastatic in the Brain
        Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Brain Stem
        Secondary Cerebral Hodgkin Lymphoma
        Metastatic Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Advanced Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Locally Advanced Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Metastatic Medulloblastoma
        Recurrent Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Recurrent Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
        Recurrent Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27M-Mutant
        Recurrent Malignant Choroid Plexus Neoplasm
        Recurrent Medulloblastoma
        Recurrent Supratentorial Glioblastoma
        Refractory Malignant Brain Neoplasm
        Refractory Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
        Refractory Medulloblastoma
        Supratentorial cancer
        Cerebral hemisphere cancer
        Childhood choroid plexus carcinoma
        Diencephalic cancer
        Pineal gland cancer
        Supratentorial Glioblastoma
        Neurocytoma
        Pinealoma
        Pineal parenchymal cell neoplasm
        Pineoblastoma
        Pineocytoma
        Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation
        Childhood Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation
        Recurrent Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm
        Primary brain neoplasm
        Brain astrocytoma
        Brain stem astrocytic neoplasm
        Cerebral astrocytoma
        Diencephalic astrocytomas
        Pineal gland astrocytoma
        Supratentorial Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
        Third Ventricle Pilocytic Astrocytoma
        Brain oligodendroglioma
        Central Nervous System Ganglioneuroblastoma
        Cerebral lymphoma
        Cerebral Hodgkin Lymphoma
        Cerebral Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
        Cerebral meningioma
        Cerebral convexity meningioma
        Intracerebral cystic meningioma
        Parasagittal meningioma
        Cerebral neuroblastoma
        Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor
        Ependymal tumor of brain
        Brain Ependymoma
        Cerebellar and Brain Stem Ependymal Tumor
        Cerebellar and Ventricular Ependymal Tumor
        Cerebellar, Fourth Ventricle, and Brain Stem Ependymal Tumor
        Frontal Lobe and Parietal Lobe Ependymal Tumor
        Occipital Lobe, Parietal Lobe, and Ventricular Ependymal Tumor
        Parietal Lobe and Occipital Lobe Ependymal Tumor
        Posterior Fossa Ependymal Tumor
        Supratentorial ependymal tumor
        Temporal Lobe and Parietal Lobe Ependymal Tumor
        Temporal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, and Lateral Ventricle Ependymal Tumor
        Ventricular and Brain Stem Ependymal Tumor
        Ventricular Ependymal Tumor
        Extraventricular neurocytoma
        Localized Brain Neoplasm
        Localized Cerebral Neoplasm
        Medulloblastoma
        Anaplastic Medulloblastoma
        Anaplastic/large cell medulloblastoma
        Cerebellar medulloblastoma
        Cerebellar vermis medulloblastoma
        Childhood medulloblastoma
        Classic medulloblastoma
        Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma
        Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Associated Medulloblastoma
        Fourth Ventricle Medulloblastoma
        Large cell medulloblastoma
        Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity
        Medulloblastoma, Not Otherwise Specified
        Medullomyoblastoma with myogenic differentiation
        Melanotic medulloblastoma
        Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome Associated Medulloblastoma
        Region 17p13 Allelic Loss Associated Medulloblastoma
        Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor
        Recurrent Multinodular and Vacuolated Neuronal Tumor
        Papillary meningioma of the cerebellum
        Recurrent Brain Neoplasm
        Recurrent Visual Pathway Glioma
        Refractory Brain Neoplasm
        Refractory Visual Pathway Glioma
        Rosette-Forming Glioneuronal Tumor of the Fourth Ventricle
        Subependymal glioma
        Supratentorial neoplasm
        Diencephalic Neoplasm
        Hypothalamic neoplasm
        Thalamic Neoplasm
        Gangliocytoma
        Neoplasm of cerebral hemisphere
        Basal Ganglia Neoplasm
        Corpus Callosum Neoplasm
        Frontal lobe neoplasm
        Neoplasm of parietal lobe
        Neoplasm of temporal lobe
        Occipital lobe neoplasm
        Pineal body neoplasm
        Desmoplastic Myxoid Tumor of the Pineal Region, SMARCB1-Mutant
        Papillary tumor of the pineal region
        Pineal Region Germ Cell Tumor
        Pineal region meningioma
        Supratentorial meningioma
        Anterior cranial fossa meningioma
        Gasserian ganglion meningioma
        Middle cranial fossa meningioma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Occupational and environmental risk factors of adult primary brain cancers: a systematic review.

Gomes J, Al Zayadi A, Guzman A
Int J Occup Environ Med 2011 Apr;2(2):82-111. PMID: 23022824

See all (1)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Global, regional, and national burden of brain and other CNS cancer, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

GBD 2016 Brain and Other CNS Cancer Collaborators
Lancet Neurol 2019 Apr;18(4):376-393. Epub 2019 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30468-X. PMID: 30797715 Free PMC Article

Inequalities in Cancer Deaths by Age, Gender and Education.

Gróf M, Vagašová T, Oltman M, Skladaný Ľ, Maličká L
Cent Eur J Public Health 2017 Dec;25 Suppl 2:S59-S63. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5055. PMID: 29524371

Utility of administrative claims data for the study of brain metastases: a validation study.

Eichler AF, Lamont EB
J Neurooncol 2009 Dec;95(3):427-431. Epub 2009 Jun 27 doi: 10.1007/s11060-009-9943-z. PMID: 19562256

See all (3)

Diagnosis

Global, regional, and national burden of brain and other CNS cancer, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

GBD 2016 Brain and Other CNS Cancer Collaborators
Lancet Neurol 2019 Apr;18(4):376-393. Epub 2019 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30468-X. PMID: 30797715 Free PMC Article

Harlequin syndrome as a complication of epidural anesthesia.

Boling B, Key C, Wainscott J, Rebel A
Crit Care Nurse 2014 Jun;34(3):57-61. doi: 10.4037/ccn2014870. PMID: 24882829

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: an atypical astrocytoma.

Hashmi M, Jaffari AA, Siddiqi SA, Ali L, Faridi N, Ashraf J, Asif SA
J Pak Med Assoc 2012 Feb;62(2):175-7. PMID: 22755386

Utility of administrative claims data for the study of brain metastases: a validation study.

Eichler AF, Lamont EB
J Neurooncol 2009 Dec;95(3):427-431. Epub 2009 Jun 27 doi: 10.1007/s11060-009-9943-z. PMID: 19562256

See all (4)

Therapy

Harlequin syndrome as a complication of epidural anesthesia.

Boling B, Key C, Wainscott J, Rebel A
Crit Care Nurse 2014 Jun;34(3):57-61. doi: 10.4037/ccn2014870. PMID: 24882829

See all (1)

Prognosis

Global, regional, and national burden of brain and other CNS cancer, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

GBD 2016 Brain and Other CNS Cancer Collaborators
Lancet Neurol 2019 Apr;18(4):376-393. Epub 2019 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30468-X. PMID: 30797715 Free PMC Article

Inequalities in Cancer Deaths by Age, Gender and Education.

Gróf M, Vagašová T, Oltman M, Skladaný Ľ, Maličká L
Cent Eur J Public Health 2017 Dec;25 Suppl 2:S59-S63. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5055. PMID: 29524371

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: an atypical astrocytoma.

Hashmi M, Jaffari AA, Siddiqi SA, Ali L, Faridi N, Ashraf J, Asif SA
J Pak Med Assoc 2012 Feb;62(2):175-7. PMID: 22755386

Utility of administrative claims data for the study of brain metastases: a validation study.

Eichler AF, Lamont EB
J Neurooncol 2009 Dec;95(3):427-431. Epub 2009 Jun 27 doi: 10.1007/s11060-009-9943-z. PMID: 19562256

See all (4)