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Intraepithelial neoplasia

MedGen UID:
164203
•Concept ID:
C0878500
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Intraepithelial Neoplasm; Intraepithelial Neoplasms; Neoplasm, Intraepithelial; Neoplasms, Intraepithelial
SNOMED CT: Epithelial dysplasia (61313004)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0024474

Definition

A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the squamous, glandular, or transitional cell epithelium without evidence of invasion. According to the degree of nuclear atypia, number of mitotic figures, and presence of architectural distortion, it is classified as low grade (mild dysplasia) or high grade (moderate or severe dysplasia). [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVIntraepithelial neoplasia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

European consensus statement on expert colposcopy.
McGee AE, Alibegashvili T, Elfgren K, Frey B, Grigore M, Heinonen A, Jach R, Jariene K, Kesic V, Küppers V, Kyrgiou M, Leeson S, Louwers J, Mazurec M, Mergui J, Pedro A, Šavrova A, Siegler E, Tabuica U, Trojnarska D, Trzeszcz M, Turyna R, Volodko N, Cruickshank ME; European Federation for Colposcopy and Pathology of the Lower Genital Tract (EFC) and the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO)
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023 Nov;290:27-37. Epub 2023 Aug 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.08.369. PMID: 37716200
2022 European guideline for the management of balanoposthitis.
Edwards SK, Bunker CB, van der Snoek EM, van der Meijden WI
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023 Jun;37(6):1104-1117. Epub 2023 Mar 21 doi: 10.1111/jdv.18954. PMID: 36942977
Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes.
McGuigan A, Kelly P, Turkington RC, Jones C, Coleman HG, McCain RS
World J Gastroenterol 2018 Nov 21;24(43):4846-4861. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i43.4846. PMID: 30487695Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Recent advances in treating female genital human papillomavirus related neoplasms with topical imiquimod.
Borella F, Gallio N, Mangherini L, Cassoni P, Bertero L, Benedetto C, Preti M
J Med Virol 2023 Nov;95(11):e29238. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29238. PMID: 38009696
Clinical course of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2: a population-based cohort study.
Lycke KD, Kahlert J, Damgaard RK, Eriksen DO, Bennetsen MH, Gravitt PE, Petersen LK, Hammer A
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023 Dec;229(6):656.e1-656.e15. Epub 2023 Aug 16 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.08.008. PMID: 37595822
Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Review of the Disease and Current Management.
Dockery LE, Soper JT
Obstet Gynecol Surv 2021 Jan;76(1):55-62. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000857. PMID: 33506879
The Role of the Cervicovaginal Microbiome on the Genesis and as a Biomarker of Premalignant Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Invasive Cervical Cancer.
Curty G, de Carvalho PS, Soares MA
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Dec 28;21(1) doi: 10.3390/ijms21010222. PMID: 31905652Free PMC Article
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia.
Jarboe EA, Mutter GL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2010 Nov;27(4):215-25. doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2010.09.007. PMID: 21309257

Diagnosis

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA and p16(INK4a) positivity in vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li Z, Liu P, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Chu R, Li G, Han Q, Zhao Y, Li L, Miao J, Kong B, Song K
Lancet Oncol 2023 Apr;24(4):403-414. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00066-9. PMID: 36933562
Cribriform Lesions of the Prostate Gland.
Cai Q, Shah RB
Surg Pathol Clin 2022 Dec;15(4):591-608. Epub 2022 Oct 13 doi: 10.1016/j.path.2022.07.001. PMID: 36344177
Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Review of the Disease and Current Management.
Dockery LE, Soper JT
Obstet Gynecol Surv 2021 Jan;76(1):55-62. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000857. PMID: 33506879
The Role of the Cervicovaginal Microbiome on the Genesis and as a Biomarker of Premalignant Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Invasive Cervical Cancer.
Curty G, de Carvalho PS, Soares MA
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Dec 28;21(1) doi: 10.3390/ijms21010222. PMID: 31905652Free PMC Article
Vulvar Neoplasms, Benign and Malignant.
Allbritton JI
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2017 Sep;44(3):339-352. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2017.04.002. PMID: 28778635

Therapy

Dietary Factors and Supplements Influencing Prostate Specific-Antigen (PSA) Concentrations in Men with Prostate Cancer and Increased Cancer Risk: An Evidence Analysis Review Based on Randomized Controlled Trials.
Grammatikopoulou MG, Gkiouras K, Papageorgiou SΤ, Myrogiannis I, Mykoniatis I, Papamitsou T, Bogdanos DP, Goulis DG
Nutrients 2020 Sep 29;12(10) doi: 10.3390/nu12102985. PMID: 33003518Free PMC Article
Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial of Low-Dose Tamoxifen to Prevent Local and Contralateral Recurrence in Breast Intraepithelial Neoplasia.
DeCensi A, Puntoni M, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Caviglia S, Avino F, Cortesi L, Taverniti C, Pacquola MG, Falcini F, Gulisano M, Digennaro M, Cariello A, Cagossi K, Pinotti G, Lazzeroni M, Serrano D, Branchi D, Campora S, Petrera M, Buttiron Webber T, Boni L, Bonanni B
J Clin Oncol 2019 Jul 1;37(19):1629-1637. Epub 2019 Apr 11 doi: 10.1200/JCO.18.01779. PMID: 30973790Free PMC Article
Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors.
Arbyn M, Xu L, Simoens C, Martin-Hirsch PP
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 May 9;5(5):CD009069. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009069.pub3. PMID: 29740819Free PMC Article
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of benefits and harms of cryotherapy, LEEP, and cold knife conization to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
Santesso N, Mustafa RA, Wiercioch W, Kehar R, Gandhi S, Chen Y, Cheung A, Hopkins J, Khatib R, Ma B, Mustafa AA, Lloyd N, Wu D, Broutet N, Schünemann HJ
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2016 Mar;132(3):266-71. Epub 2015 Nov 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.07.026. PMID: 26643302
A 9-valent HPV vaccine against infection and intraepithelial neoplasia in women.
Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, Bouchard C, Mao C, Mehlsen J, Moreira ED Jr, Ngan Y, Petersen LK, Lazcano-Ponce E, Pitisuttithum P, Restrepo JA, Stuart G, Woelber L, Yang YC, Cuzick J, Garland SM, Huh W, Kjaer SK, Bautista OM, Chan IS, Chen J, Gesser R, Moeller E, Ritter M, Vuocolo S, Luxembourg A; Broad Spectrum HPV Vaccine Study
N Engl J Med 2015 Feb 19;372(8):711-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1405044. PMID: 25693011

Prognosis

Clinical course of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2: a population-based cohort study.
Lycke KD, Kahlert J, Damgaard RK, Eriksen DO, Bennetsen MH, Gravitt PE, Petersen LK, Hammer A
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023 Dec;229(6):656.e1-656.e15. Epub 2023 Aug 16 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.08.008. PMID: 37595822
Incidence and mortality from cervical cancer and other malignancies after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.
Kalliala I, Athanasiou A, Veroniki AA, Salanti G, Efthimiou O, Raftis N, Bowden S, Paraskevaidi M, Aro K, Arbyn M, Bennett P, Nieminen P, Paraskevaidis E, Kyrgiou M
Ann Oncol 2020 Feb;31(2):213-227. Epub 2020 Jan 3 doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2019.11.004. PMID: 31959338Free PMC Article
Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial of Low-Dose Tamoxifen to Prevent Local and Contralateral Recurrence in Breast Intraepithelial Neoplasia.
DeCensi A, Puntoni M, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Caviglia S, Avino F, Cortesi L, Taverniti C, Pacquola MG, Falcini F, Gulisano M, Digennaro M, Cariello A, Cagossi K, Pinotti G, Lazzeroni M, Serrano D, Branchi D, Campora S, Petrera M, Buttiron Webber T, Boni L, Bonanni B
J Clin Oncol 2019 Jul 1;37(19):1629-1637. Epub 2019 Apr 11 doi: 10.1200/JCO.18.01779. PMID: 30973790Free PMC Article
Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes.
McGuigan A, Kelly P, Turkington RC, Jones C, Coleman HG, McCain RS
World J Gastroenterol 2018 Nov 21;24(43):4846-4861. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i43.4846. PMID: 30487695Free PMC Article
Effect of the human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in a subgroup of women with cervical and vulvar disease: retrospective pooled analysis of trial data.
Joura EA, Garland SM, Paavonen J, Ferris DG, Perez G, Ault KA, Huh WK, Sings HL, James MK, Haupt RM; FUTURE I and II Study Group
BMJ 2012 Mar 27;344:e1401. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e1401. PMID: 22454089Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

The 2019 Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) White Paper on Contemporary Grading of Prostate Cancer.
Epstein JI, Amin MB, Fine SW, Algaba F, Aron M, Baydar DE, Beltran AL, Brimo F, Cheville JC, Colecchia M, Comperat E, da Cunha IW, Delprado W, DeMarzo AM, Giannico GA, Gordetsky JB, Guo CC, Hansel DE, Hirsch MS, Huang J, Humphrey PA, Jimenez RE, Khani F, Kong Q, Kryvenko ON, Kunju LP, Lal P, Latour M, Lotan T, Maclean F, Magi-Galluzzi C, Mehra R, Menon S, Miyamoto H, Montironi R, Netto GJ, Nguyen JK, Osunkoya AO, Parwani A, Robinson BD, Rubin MA, Shah RB, So JS, Takahashi H, Tavora F, Tretiakova MS, True L, Wobker SE, Yang XJ, Zhou M, Zynger DL, Trpkov K
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2021 Apr 1;145(4):461-493. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0015-RA. PMID: 32589068
Pathology of Pancreatic Cancer Precursor Lesions.
Noë M, Brosens LA
Surg Pathol Clin 2016 Dec;9(4):561-580. Epub 2016 Oct 12 doi: 10.1016/j.path.2016.05.004. PMID: 27926360
Diagnosis and therapies for gastric non-invasive neoplasia.
Kato M
World J Gastroenterol 2015 Nov 28;21(44):12513-8. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i44.12513. PMID: 26640329Free PMC Article
Psychological effects of diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review.
Frederiksen ME, Njor S, Lynge E, Rebolj M
Sex Transm Infect 2015 Jun;91(4):248-56. Epub 2014 Dec 15 doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051754. PMID: 25512668
Practising high-resolution anoscopy.
Palefsky JM
Sex Health 2012 Dec;9(6):580-6. doi: 10.1071/SH12045. PMID: 23380236

Recent systematic reviews

Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kechagias KS, Kalliala I, Bowden SJ, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J, Nieminen P, Strander B, Sasieni P, Veroniki AA, Kyrgiou M
BMJ 2022 Aug 3;378:e070135. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070135. PMID: 35922074Free PMC Article
Endometrial hyperplasia as a risk factor of endometrial cancer.
Nees LK, Heublein S, Steinmacher S, Juhasz-Böss I, Brucker S, Tempfer CB, Wallwiener M
Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022 Aug;306(2):407-421. Epub 2022 Jan 10 doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06380-5. PMID: 35001185Free PMC Article
The Natural History of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grades 1, 2, and 3: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Loopik DL, Bentley HA, Eijgenraam MN, IntHout J, Bekkers RLM, Bentley JR
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2021 Jul 1;25(3):221-231. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000604. PMID: 34176914
Population-level impact and herd effects following the introduction of human papillomavirus vaccination programmes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Drolet M, Bénard É, Pérez N, Brisson M; HPV Vaccination Impact Study Group
Lancet 2019 Aug 10;394(10197):497-509. Epub 2019 Jun 26 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30298-3. PMID: 31255301Free PMC Article
Clinical course of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 under active surveillance: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tainio K, Athanasiou A, Tikkinen KAO, Aaltonen R, Cárdenas J, Hernándes, Glazer-Livson S, Jakobsson M, Joronen K, Kiviharju M, Louvanto K, Oksjoki S, Tähtinen R, Virtanen S, Nieminen P, Kyrgiou M, Kalliala I
BMJ 2018 Feb 27;360:k499. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k499. PMID: 29487049Free PMC Article

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