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Gram-positive bacterial infections

MedGen UID:
39283
•Concept ID:
C0085426
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Bacterial Infection, Gram-Positive; Bacterial Infections, Gram Positive; Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive; Gram Positive Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infection; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Infection, Gram-Positive Bacterial; Infections, Gram Positive Bacterial; Infections, Gram-Positive Bacterial
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0021679

Definition

Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method. [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVGram-positive bacterial infections

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Streptogramins for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens.
Reissier S, Cattoir V
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021 May;19(5):587-599. Epub 2020 Oct 26 doi: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1834851. PMID: 33030387
Management of gram-positive bacterial infections in patients with cancer.
Kosmidis CI, Chandrasekar PH
Leuk Lymphoma 2012 Jan;53(1):8-18. Epub 2011 Aug 24 doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.602770. PMID: 21740298
Clinical relevance of bacteriostatic versus bactericidal mechanisms of action in the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.
Pankey GA, Sabath LD
Clin Infect Dis 2004 Mar 15;38(6):864-70. Epub 2004 Mar 1 doi: 10.1086/381972. PMID: 14999632

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The Enterococcus: a Model of Adaptability to Its Environment.
García-Solache M, Rice LB
Clin Microbiol Rev 2019 Mar 20;32(2) Epub 2019 Jan 30 doi: 10.1128/CMR.00058-18. PMID: 30700430Free PMC Article
Cutibacterium acnes prosthetic joint infection: Diagnosis and treatment.
Boisrenoult P
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018 Feb;104(1S):S19-S24. Epub 2017 Dec 2 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.05.030. PMID: 29203432
Infected tumor prostheses.
Mavrogenis AF, Papagelopoulos PJ, Coll-Mesa L, Pala E, Guerra G, Ruggieri P
Orthopedics 2011 Dec;34(12):991-8; quiz 999-1000. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20111021-24. PMID: 22147218
Surgical site infections: epidemiology, microbiology and prevention.
Owens CD, Stoessel K
J Hosp Infect 2008 Nov;70 Suppl 2:3-10. doi: 10.1016/S0195-6701(08)60017-1. PMID: 19022115
Gram-positive anaerobic cocci.
Murdoch DA
Clin Microbiol Rev 1998 Jan;11(1):81-120. doi: 10.1128/CMR.11.1.81. PMID: 9457430Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Brain Abscess.
Weinberg GA
Pediatr Rev 2018 May;39(5):270-272. doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0147. PMID: 29716975
Cutibacterium acnes prosthetic joint infection: Diagnosis and treatment.
Boisrenoult P
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018 Feb;104(1S):S19-S24. Epub 2017 Dec 2 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.05.030. PMID: 29203432
Management of Pediatric Community-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.
Messinger AI, Kupfer O, Hurst A, Parker S
Pediatr Rev 2017 Sep;38(9):394-409. doi: 10.1542/pir.2016-0183. PMID: 28864731
Infected tumor prostheses.
Mavrogenis AF, Papagelopoulos PJ, Coll-Mesa L, Pala E, Guerra G, Ruggieri P
Orthopedics 2011 Dec;34(12):991-8; quiz 999-1000. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20111021-24. PMID: 22147218
Antibiotic-resistant enterococci.
Gray JW, Pedler SJ
J Hosp Infect 1992 May;21(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(92)90149-g. PMID: 1351492

Therapy

Effect of Intrawound Vancomycin Powder in Operatively Treated High-risk Tibia Fractures: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC), O'Toole RV, Joshi M, Carlini AR, Murray CK, Allen LE, Huang Y, Scharfstein DO, O'Hara NN, Gary JL, Bosse MJ, Castillo RC, Bishop JA, Weaver MJ, Firoozabadi R, Hsu JR, Karunakar MA, Seymour RB, Sims SH, Churchill C, Brennan ML, Gonzales G, Reilly RM, Zura RD, Howes CR, Mir HR, Wagstrom EA, Westberg J, Gaski GE, Kempton LB, Natoli RM, Sorkin AT, Virkus WW, Hill LC, Hymes RA, Holzman M, Malekzadeh AS, Schulman JE, Ramsey L, Cuff JAN, Haaser S, Osgood GM, Shafiq B, Laljani V, Lee OC, Krause PC, Rowe CJ, Hilliard CL, Morandi MM, Mullins A, Achor TS, Choo AM, Munz JW, Boutte SJ, Vallier HA, Breslin MA, Frisch HM, Kaufman AM, Large TM, LeCroy CM, Riggsbee C, Smith CS, Crickard CV, Phieffer LS, Sheridan E, Jones CB, Sietsema DL, Reid JS, Ringenbach K, Hayda R, Evans AR, Crisco MJ, Rivera JC, Osborn PM, Kimmel J, Stawicki SP, Nwachuku CO, Wojda TR, Rehman S, Donnelly JM, Caroom C, Jenkins MD, Boulton CL, Costales TG, LeBrun CT, Manson TT, Mascarenhas DC, Nascone JW, Pollak AN, Sciadini MF, Slobogean GP, Berger PZ, Connelly DW, Degani Y, Howe AL, Marinos DP, Montalvo RN, Reahl GB, Schoonover CD, Schroder LK, Vang S, Bergin PF, Graves ML, Russell GV, Spitler CA, Hydrick JM, Teague D, Ertl W, Hickerson LE, Moloney GB, Weinlein JC, Zelle BA, Agarwal A, Karia RA, Sathy AK, Au B, Maroto M, Sanders D, Higgins TF, Haller JM, Rothberg DL, Weiss DB, Yarboro SR, McVey ED, Lester-Ballard V, Goodspeed D, Lang GJ, Whiting PS, Siy AB, Obremskey WT, Jahangir AA, Attum B, Burgos EJ, Molina CS, Rodriguez-Buitrago A, Gajari V, Trochez KM, Halvorson JJ, Miller AN, Goodman JB, Holden MB, McAndrew CM, Gardner MJ, Ricci WM, Spraggs-Hughes A, Collins SC, Taylor TJ, Zadnik M
JAMA Surg 2021 May 1;156(5):e207259. Epub 2021 May 12 doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.7259. PMID: 33760010
A Review of Combination Antimicrobial Therapy for Enterococcus faecalis Bloodstream Infections and Infective Endocarditis.
Beganovic M, Luther MK, Rice LB, Arias CA, Rybak MJ, LaPlante KL
Clin Infect Dis 2018 Jul 2;67(2):303-309. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy064. PMID: 29390132Free PMC Article
Enterococcal endocarditis revisited.
Pericás JM, Zboromyrska Y, Cervera C, Castañeda X, Almela M, Garcia-de-la-Maria C, Mestres C, Falces C, Quintana E, Ninot S, Llopis J, Marco F, Moreno A, Miró JM
Future Microbiol 2015;10(7):1215-40. Epub 2015 Jun 29 doi: 10.2217/fmb.15.46. PMID: 26118390
Daptomycin.
Tedesco KL, Rybak MJ
Pharmacotherapy 2004 Jan;24(1):41-57. doi: 10.1592/phco.24.1.41.34802. PMID: 14740787
Biapenem.
Perry CM, Ibbotson T
Drugs 2002;62(15):2221-34; discussion 2235. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200262150-00005. PMID: 12381221

Prognosis

Bacterial Infections in the Stem Cell Transplant Recipient and Hematologic Malignancy Patient.
Misch EA, Andes DR
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019 Jun;33(2):399-445. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.011. PMID: 31005135
Microbiota and metabolites in metabolic diseases.
Cani PD
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019 Feb;15(2):69-70. doi: 10.1038/s41574-018-0143-9. PMID: 30602737
Surgical site infections: epidemiology, microbiology and prevention.
Owens CD, Stoessel K
J Hosp Infect 2008 Nov;70 Suppl 2:3-10. doi: 10.1016/S0195-6701(08)60017-1. PMID: 19022115
Bacterial diseases of the skin.
Edlich RF, Winters KL, Britt LD, Long WB 3rd
J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2005;15(5):499-510. doi: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v15.i5.40. PMID: 16218899
Clinical approach to infective endocarditis.
Saccente M, Cobbs CG
Cardiol Clin 1996 Aug;14(3):351-62. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70289-7. PMID: 8853130

Clinical prediction guides

Bacterial Infections in the Stem Cell Transplant Recipient and Hematologic Malignancy Patient.
Misch EA, Andes DR
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019 Jun;33(2):399-445. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.011. PMID: 31005135
The DENOVA score efficiently identifies patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia where echocardiography is not necessary.
Berge A, Krantz A, Östlund H, Nauclér P, Rasmussen M
Infection 2019 Feb;47(1):45-50. Epub 2018 Sep 3 doi: 10.1007/s15010-018-1208-3. PMID: 30178077
Clinical relevance of bacteriostatic versus bactericidal mechanisms of action in the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.
Pankey GA, Sabath LD
Clin Infect Dis 2004 Mar 15;38(6):864-70. Epub 2004 Mar 1 doi: 10.1086/381972. PMID: 14999632
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
Murray BE
Am J Med 1997 Mar;102(3):284-93. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)80270-8. PMID: 9217598
Enterococcal endocarditis.
Megran DW
Clin Infect Dis 1992 Jul;15(1):63-71. doi: 10.1093/clinids/15.1.63. PMID: 1617074

Recent systematic reviews

Comparison of daptomycin and glycopeptide efficacy and safety for the treatment of Gram-positive infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Boulekbache A, Maldonado F, Kavafian R, Ferry T, Bourguignon L, Goutelle S, Lega JC, Garreau R
J Antimicrob Chemother 2024 Apr 2;79(4):712-721. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkae026. PMID: 38323372
Linezolid and vancomycin for nosocomial infections in pediatric patients: a systematic review.
Porchera BR, da Silva CM, Miranda RP, Gomes ARQ, Fernandes PHDS, de Menezes CGO, Laurindo PDSODC, Dolabela MF, Brígido HPC
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024 May-Jun;100(3):242-249. Epub 2023 Dec 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.08.011. PMID: 38145631Free PMC Article
Epidemiology and outcomes of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Eichel VM, Last K, Brühwasser C, von Baum H, Dettenkofer M, Götting T, Grundmann H, Güldenhöven H, Liese J, Martin M, Papan C, Sadaghiani C, Wendt C, Werner G, Mutters NT
J Hosp Infect 2023 Nov;141:119-128. Epub 2023 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.09.008. PMID: 37734679
Safety and clinical efficacy of linezolid in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Shi Y, Wu HL, Wu YH, Li S, Zhang LY, Xu SS, Huang HY, Zhang CH, Yu XB, Cai K, Zhang J, Huang LS
World J Pediatr 2023 Feb;19(2):129-138. Epub 2022 Dec 23 doi: 10.1007/s12519-022-00650-1. PMID: 36562929Free PMC Article
Systematic review of 342 cases of endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis.
Jackson TL, Paraskevopoulos T, Georgalas I
Surv Ophthalmol 2014 Nov-Dec;59(6):627-35. Epub 2014 Jun 18 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.06.002. PMID: 25113611

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