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Locally Advanced Malignant Digestive System Neoplasm

MedGen UID:
1791952
•Concept ID:
C5555511
•
Neoplastic Process

Definition

A malignant digestive system neoplasm that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLocally Advanced Malignant Digestive System Neoplasm

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Current developments in gastric cancer: from molecular profiling to treatment strategy.
Alsina M, Arrazubi V, Diez M, Tabernero J
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023 Mar;20(3):155-170. Epub 2022 Nov 7 doi: 10.1038/s41575-022-00703-w. PMID: 36344677
Gastric Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Ajani JA, D'Amico TA, Bentrem DJ, Chao J, Cooke D, Corvera C, Das P, Enzinger PC, Enzler T, Fanta P, Farjah F, Gerdes H, Gibson MK, Hochwald S, Hofstetter WL, Ilson DH, Keswani RN, Kim S, Kleinberg LR, Klempner SJ, Lacy J, Ly QP, Matkowskyj KA, McNamara M, Mulcahy MF, Outlaw D, Park H, Perry KA, Pimiento J, Poultsides GA, Reznik S, Roses RE, Strong VE, Su S, Wang HL, Wiesner G, Willett CG, Yakoub D, Yoon H, McMillian N, Pluchino LA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022 Feb;20(2):167-192. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0008. PMID: 35130500
Diagnosis and Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Review.
Biller LH, Schrag D
JAMA 2021 Feb 16;325(7):669-685. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0106. PMID: 33591350

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Anal Cancer: The Past, Present and Future.
Gondal TA, Chaudhary N, Bajwa H, Rauf A, Le D, Ahmed S
Curr Oncol 2023 Mar 11;30(3):3232-3250. doi: 10.3390/curroncol30030246. PMID: 36975459Free PMC Article
Laparoscopic vs Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Five-Year Outcomes From the CLASS-01 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Huang C, Liu H, Hu Y, Sun Y, Su X, Cao H, Hu J, Wang K, Suo J, Tao K, He X, Wei H, Ying M, Hu W, Du X, Yu J, Zheng C, Liu F, Li Z, Zhao G, Zhang J, Chen P, Li G; Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study (CLASS) Group
JAMA Surg 2022 Jan 1;157(1):9-17. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.5104. PMID: 34668963Free PMC Article
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours.
Blay JY, Kang YK, Nishida T, von Mehren M
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021 Mar 18;7(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00254-5. PMID: 33737510
Colorectal cancer.
Dekker E, Tanis PJ, Vleugels JLA, Kasi PM, Wallace MB
Lancet 2019 Oct 19;394(10207):1467-1480. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32319-0. PMID: 31631858
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.
von Mehren M, Joensuu H
J Clin Oncol 2018 Jan 10;36(2):136-143. Epub 2017 Dec 8 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.74.9705. PMID: 29220298Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Anal Cancer: The Past, Present and Future.
Gondal TA, Chaudhary N, Bajwa H, Rauf A, Le D, Ahmed S
Curr Oncol 2023 Mar 11;30(3):3232-3250. doi: 10.3390/curroncol30030246. PMID: 36975459Free PMC Article
Gastric Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Ajani JA, D'Amico TA, Bentrem DJ, Chao J, Cooke D, Corvera C, Das P, Enzinger PC, Enzler T, Fanta P, Farjah F, Gerdes H, Gibson MK, Hochwald S, Hofstetter WL, Ilson DH, Keswani RN, Kim S, Kleinberg LR, Klempner SJ, Lacy J, Ly QP, Matkowskyj KA, McNamara M, Mulcahy MF, Outlaw D, Park H, Perry KA, Pimiento J, Poultsides GA, Reznik S, Roses RE, Strong VE, Su S, Wang HL, Wiesner G, Willett CG, Yakoub D, Yoon H, McMillian N, Pluchino LA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022 Feb;20(2):167-192. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0008. PMID: 35130500
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours.
Blay JY, Kang YK, Nishida T, von Mehren M
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021 Mar 18;7(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00254-5. PMID: 33737510
Recent advances in treating oesophageal cancer.
Harada K, Rogers JE, Iwatsuki M, Yamashita K, Baba H, Ajani JA
F1000Res 2020;9 Epub 2020 Oct 1 doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22926.1. PMID: 33042518Free PMC Article
Colorectal cancer.
Dekker E, Tanis PJ, Vleugels JLA, Kasi PM, Wallace MB
Lancet 2019 Oct 19;394(10207):1467-1480. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32319-0. PMID: 31631858

Therapy

Laparoscopic vs Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Five-Year Outcomes From the CLASS-01 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Huang C, Liu H, Hu Y, Sun Y, Su X, Cao H, Hu J, Wang K, Suo J, Tao K, He X, Wei H, Ying M, Hu W, Du X, Yu J, Zheng C, Liu F, Li Z, Zhao G, Zhang J, Chen P, Li G; Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study (CLASS) Group
JAMA Surg 2022 Jan 1;157(1):9-17. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.5104. PMID: 34668963Free PMC Article
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours.
Blay JY, Kang YK, Nishida T, von Mehren M
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021 Mar 18;7(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00254-5. PMID: 33737510
Locally advanced rectal cancer: The past, present, and future.
Oronsky B, Reid T, Larson C, Knox SJ
Semin Oncol 2020 Feb;47(1):85-92. Epub 2020 Feb 21 doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2020.02.001. PMID: 32147127
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.
Cives M, Strosberg JR
CA Cancer J Clin 2018 Nov;68(6):471-487. Epub 2018 Oct 8 doi: 10.3322/caac.21493. PMID: 30295930
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.
von Mehren M, Joensuu H
J Clin Oncol 2018 Jan 10;36(2):136-143. Epub 2017 Dec 8 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.74.9705. PMID: 29220298Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Advances in immunology and immunotherapy for mesenchymal gastrointestinal cancers.
Li B, Chen H, Yang S, Chen F, Xu L, Li Y, Li M, Zhu C, Shao F, Zhang X, Deng C, Zeng L, He Y, Zhang C
Mol Cancer 2023 Apr 18;22(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12943-023-01770-6. PMID: 37072770Free PMC Article
Current status of and future prospects for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours.
Naito Y, Nishida T, Doi T
Gastric Cancer 2023 May;26(3):339-351. Epub 2023 Mar 13 doi: 10.1007/s10120-023-01381-6. PMID: 36913072Free PMC Article
Laparoscopic vs Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Five-Year Outcomes From the CLASS-01 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Huang C, Liu H, Hu Y, Sun Y, Su X, Cao H, Hu J, Wang K, Suo J, Tao K, He X, Wei H, Ying M, Hu W, Du X, Yu J, Zheng C, Liu F, Li Z, Zhao G, Zhang J, Chen P, Li G; Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study (CLASS) Group
JAMA Surg 2022 Jan 1;157(1):9-17. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.5104. PMID: 34668963Free PMC Article
Effect of Laparoscopic vs Open Distal Gastrectomy on 3-Year Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: The CLASS-01 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Yu J, Huang C, Sun Y, Su X, Cao H, Hu J, Wang K, Suo J, Tao K, He X, Wei H, Ying M, Hu W, Du X, Hu Y, Liu H, Zheng C, Li P, Xie J, Liu F, Li Z, Zhao G, Yang K, Liu C, Li H, Chen P, Ji J, Li G; Chinese Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study (CLASS) Group
JAMA 2019 May 28;321(20):1983-1992. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.5359. PMID: 31135850Free PMC Article
Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.
Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, Rödel C, Wittekind C, Fietkau R, Martus P, Tschmelitsch J, Hager E, Hess CF, Karstens JH, Liersch T, Schmidberger H, Raab R; German Rectal Cancer Study Group
N Engl J Med 2004 Oct 21;351(17):1731-40. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040694. PMID: 15496622

Clinical prediction guides

Future direction of total neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.
Kagawa Y, Smith JJ, Fokas E, Watanabe J, Cercek A, Greten FR, Bando H, Shi Q, Garcia-Aguilar J, Romesser PB, Horvat N, Sanoff H, Hall W, Kato T, Rödel C, Dasari A, Yoshino T
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024 Jun;21(6):444-455. Epub 2024 Mar 14 doi: 10.1038/s41575-024-00900-9. PMID: 38485756
Phase II, single-arm trial of preoperative short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy and camrelizumab in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Lin Z, Cai M, Zhang P, Li G, Liu T, Li X, Cai K, Nie X, Wang J, Liu J, Liu H, Zhang W, Gao J, Wu C, Wang L, Fan J, Zhang L, Wang Z, Hou Z, Ma C, Yang K, Wu G, Tao K, Zhang T
J Immunother Cancer 2021 Nov;9(11) doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003554. PMID: 34725214Free PMC Article
Development and Validation of a Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Signature to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer.
Wang W, Peng Y, Feng X, Zhao Y, Seeruttun SR, Zhang J, Cheng Z, Li Y, Liu Z, Zhou Z
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Aug 2;4(8):e2121143. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.21143. PMID: 34410397Free PMC Article
Advanced gastric cancer: Current treatment landscape and future perspectives.
Digklia A, Wagner AD
World J Gastroenterol 2016 Feb 28;22(8):2403-14. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i8.2403. PMID: 26937129Free PMC Article
Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer in the elderly.
Kim JH
World J Gastroenterol 2015 May 7;21(17):5158-66. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5158. PMID: 25954089Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

MASCC multidisciplinary evidence-based recommendations for the management of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced cancer.
Madariaga A, Lau J, Ghoshal A, Dzierżanowski T, Larkin P, Sobocki J, Dickman A, Furness K, Fazelzad R, Crawford GB, Lheureux S
Support Care Cancer 2022 Jun;30(6):4711-4728. Epub 2022 Mar 10 doi: 10.1007/s00520-022-06889-8. PMID: 35274188Free PMC Article
Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, Henrikson HJ, Lu D, Pennini A, Xu R, Ababneh E, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Elsalam SM, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Adedeji IA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Akalu GT, Aklilu A, Akram T, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Ali S, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alvis-Guzman N, Amu H, Anbesu EW, Ancuceanu R, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antwi MH, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atorkey P, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayenew T, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Badiye AD, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Balakrishnan S, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Behzadifar M, Belgaumi UI, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisignano C, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Blyuss O, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Braithwaite D, Brar A, Brenner H, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano Dos Santos FL, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Cernigliaro A, Chakinala RC, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Cortés S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cunha AR, Dadras O, Dagnew AB, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, das Neves J, De la Hoz FP, Demis AB, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, Dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Driscoll TR, Ebrahimi H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Tantawi M, El-Abid H, Elbarazi I, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Jaafary SI, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Etemadi A, Ezzikouri S, Faisaluddin M, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farzadfar F, Feroze AH, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gallus S, Gaspar Fonseca M, Getachew Obsa A, Ghafourifard M, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gilani SA, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Guerra MR, Guha A, Gunasekera DS, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider MR, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Haque S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Holla R, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Hussain R, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ibitoye SE, Ida F, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irham LM, Islam JY, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, Jacob L, Jain V, Jakovljevic MB, Javaheri T, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kahrizi D, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kaliyadan F, Kalkonde Y, Kamath A, Kameran Al-Salihi N, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karch A, Kasa AS, Katikireddi SV, Kauppila JH, Kavetskyy T, Kebede SA, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan G, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khang YH, Khater AM, Khayamzadeh M, Kim GR, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kutluk T, La Vecchia C, Lami FH, Landires I, Lauriola P, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leigh J, Leong E, Li J, Li MC, Liu X, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Majeed A, Makki A, Male S, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Martini S, Masoumi SZ, Mathur P, McKee M, Mehrotra R, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misra S, Mithra P, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammad KA, Mohammad Y, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moosavi MA, Moradi Y, Moraga P, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mubarik S, Mwanri L, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagata C, Naimzada MD, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negoi I, Negru SM, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Niazi RK, Nnaji CA, Noor NM, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Ochir C, Odukoya OO, Ogbo FA, Olagunju AT, Olakunde BO, Omar E, Omar Bali A, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patel HK, Patel JR, Pati S, Pattanshetty SM, Paudel U, Pereira DM, Pereira RB, Perianayagam A, Pillay JD, Pirouzpanah S, Pishgar F, Podder I, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Prashant A, Preotescu L, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Rafiee A, Rahim F, Rahimzadeh S, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Roberts TJ, Rodriguez JAB, Rohloff P, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sardiwalla Y, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schneider IJC, Sekerija M, Seylani A, Shafaat O, Shaghaghi Z, Shaikh MA, Shamsoddin E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty PH, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Siabani S, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Silva DAS, Singh JA, Sintayehu Y, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Sotoudeh H, Steiropoulos P, Straif K, Subedi R, Sufiyan MB, Sultan I, Sultana S, Sur D, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taherkhani A, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tan KK, Tat VY, Tedla BAA, Tefera YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesfay FH, Tessema GA, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Tohidinik HR, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Tusa BS, Ullah I, Ullah S, Umapathi KK, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vo B, Volovici V, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Ward P, Wen YF, Westerman R, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yaya S, Yazie TSY, Yeshaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yuce D, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zare F, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu C, Ziapour A, Zimmermann IR, Fitzmaurice C, Murray CJL, Force LM
JAMA Oncol 2022 Mar 1;8(3):420-444. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987. PMID: 34967848Free PMC Article
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Liu S, Jiang T, Xiao L, Yang S, Liu Q, Gao Y, Chen G, Xiao W
Oncologist 2021 Sep;26(9):e1555-e1566. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1002/onco.13824. PMID: 33987952Free PMC Article
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gosavi R, Chia C, Michael M, Heriot AG, Warrier SK, Kong JC
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Oct;36(10):2063-2070. Epub 2021 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03945-3. PMID: 33945007
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy vs Standard Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Kasi A, Abbasi S, Handa S, Al-Rajabi R, Saeed A, Baranda J, Sun W
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Dec 1;3(12):e2030097. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.30097. PMID: 33326026Free PMC Article

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