U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Spirochetal infection

MedGen UID:
11556
•Concept ID:
C0037974
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Spirochaetales Infections; Spirochetes disease
SNOMED CT: Spirochetal infection (41116009); Spirochetosis (41116009)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0021839

Definition

Infections with bacteria of the order SPIROCHAETALES. [from MONDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Lyme disease: a review of its epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Gerstenblith TA, Stern TA
Psychosomatics 2014 Sep-Oct;55(5):421-9. Epub 2014 Apr 19 doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.02.006. PMID: 25016354
Alzheimer's disease - a neurospirochetosis. Analysis of the evidence following Koch's and Hill's criteria.
Miklossy J
J Neuroinflammation 2011 Aug 4;8:90. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-8-90. PMID: 21816039Free PMC Article
Treatment of Lyme disease.
Schoen RT
Conn Med 1989 Jun;53(6):335-7. PMID: 2667887

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Evaluating the risk of tick-borne relapsing fever among occupational cavers-Austin, TX, 2017.
Campbell SB, Klioueva A, Taylor J, Nelson C, Tomasi S, Replogle A, Kwit N, Sexton C, Schwartz A, Hinckley A
Zoonoses Public Health 2019 Sep;66(6):579-586. Epub 2019 May 31 doi: 10.1111/zph.12588. PMID: 31152496Free PMC Article
Lyme borreliosis in 2005, 30 years after initial observations in Lyme Connecticut.
Steere AC
Wien Klin Wochenschr 2006 Nov;118(21-22):625-33. doi: 10.1007/s00508-006-0687-x. PMID: 17160599
Multiple sclerosis and positive Lyme serology.
Lana-Peixoto MA
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1994 Dec;52(4):566-71. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x1994000400019. PMID: 7611954
Lyme disease: an orthopedic perspective.
Lawrence SJ
Orthopedics 1992 Nov;15(11):1331-5. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19921101-12. PMID: 1461815
Immune responses to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with reactive arthritis.
Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ
Arthritis Rheum 1989 Sep;32(9):1057-64. doi: 10.1002/anr.1780320902. PMID: 2476133

Diagnosis

Direct Detection of Borrelia Species in Tissues.
Gadila SKG, Embers ME
Methods Mol Biol 2024;2742:19-35. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3561-2_2. PMID: 38165612
Lyme disease: a review of its epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Gerstenblith TA, Stern TA
Psychosomatics 2014 Sep-Oct;55(5):421-9. Epub 2014 Apr 19 doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.02.006. PMID: 25016354
Spirochetal infection of the nervous system.
Estanislao LB, Pachner AR
Neurol Clin 1999 Nov;17(4):783-800. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70166-3. PMID: 10517928
Lyme disease: an orthopedic perspective.
Lawrence SJ
Orthopedics 1992 Nov;15(11):1331-5. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19921101-12. PMID: 1461815
Lyme disease. A neuro-ophthalmologic view.
MacDonald AB
J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1987 Dec;7(4):185-90. doi: 10.3109/01658108709007451. PMID: 2963023

Therapy

Lyme disease: a review of its epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Gerstenblith TA, Stern TA
Psychosomatics 2014 Sep-Oct;55(5):421-9. Epub 2014 Apr 19 doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.02.006. PMID: 25016354
Lyme borreliosis in 2005, 30 years after initial observations in Lyme Connecticut.
Steere AC
Wien Klin Wochenschr 2006 Nov;118(21-22):625-33. doi: 10.1007/s00508-006-0687-x. PMID: 17160599
Spirochetal infection of the nervous system.
Estanislao LB, Pachner AR
Neurol Clin 1999 Nov;17(4):783-800. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70166-3. PMID: 10517928
Lyme disease: an orthopedic perspective.
Lawrence SJ
Orthopedics 1992 Nov;15(11):1331-5. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-19921101-12. PMID: 1461815
Lyme disease. A neuro-ophthalmologic view.
MacDonald AB
J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1987 Dec;7(4):185-90. doi: 10.3109/01658108709007451. PMID: 2963023

Prognosis

Trauma-related Lyme arthritis.
Roberts J 4th, Merchant E
BMJ Case Rep 2023 Jul 5;16(7) doi: 10.1136/bcr-2023-255532. PMID: 37407232Free PMC Article
Lyme disease: a review of its epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Gerstenblith TA, Stern TA
Psychosomatics 2014 Sep-Oct;55(5):421-9. Epub 2014 Apr 19 doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.02.006. PMID: 25016354
Leptospiral pneumonia.
Hill MK, Sanders CV
Semin Respir Infect 1997 Mar;12(1):44-9. PMID: 9097376
Liver function test abnormalities in early Lyme disease.
Kazakoff MA, Sinusas K, Macchia C
Arch Fam Med 1993 Apr;2(4):409-13. doi: 10.1001/archfami.2.4.409. PMID: 8130920
Clinical implications of delayed growth of the Lyme borreliosis spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.
MacDonald AB, Berger BW, Schwan TG
Acta Trop 1990 Dec;48(2):89-94. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(90)90047-4. PMID: 1980573

Clinical prediction guides

Direct Detection of Borrelia Species in Tissues.
Gadila SKG, Embers ME
Methods Mol Biol 2024;2742:19-35. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3561-2_2. PMID: 38165612
Systematic analysis highlights the key role of TLR2/NF-kappaB/MAP kinase signaling for IL-8 induction by macrophage-like THP-1 cells under influence of Borrelia burgdorferi lysates.
Sadik CD, Hunfeld KP, Bachmann M, Kraiczy P, Eberhardt W, Brade V, Pfeilschifter J, Mühl H
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008;40(11):2508-21. Epub 2008 May 16 doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.04.014. PMID: 18571457
The pathogenesis of lyme neuroborreliosis: from infection to inflammation.
Rupprecht TA, Koedel U, Fingerle V, Pfister HW
Mol Med 2008 Mar-Apr;14(3-4):205-12. doi: 10.2119/2007-00091.Rupprecht. PMID: 18097481Free PMC Article
Lyme borreliosis in 2005, 30 years after initial observations in Lyme Connecticut.
Steere AC
Wien Klin Wochenschr 2006 Nov;118(21-22):625-33. doi: 10.1007/s00508-006-0687-x. PMID: 17160599
Lyme disease in New Jersey.
Goldoft MJ, Schulze TL, Parkin WE, Gunn RA
N J Med 1990 Jul;87(7):579-84. PMID: 2385371

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Reviews

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity