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Verrucous carcinoma

MedGen UID:
60213
•Concept ID:
C0206706
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Carcinoma, Verrucous; Carcinomas, Verrucous; Verrucous Carcinoma; Verrucous Carcinomas
SNOMED CT: Verrucous carcinoma (89906000); Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (89906000); Verrucous epidermoid carcinoma (89906000); Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (403904009); Verrucous epidermoid carcinoma (403904009); Verrucous SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) (89906000)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006006

Definition

A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthosis, mild cytologic atypia, and pushing tumor margins. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, vulva, and the plantar region of the foot. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Vulvar Cancer, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Abu-Rustum NR, Yashar CM, Arend R, Barber E, Bradley K, Brooks R, Campos SM, Chino J, Chon HS, Crispens MA, Damast S, Fisher CM, Frederick P, Gaffney DK, Gaillard S, Giuntoli R II, Glaser S, Holmes J, Howitt BE, Kendra K, Lea J, Lee N, Mantia-Smaldone G, Mariani A, Mutch D, Nagel C, Nekhlyudov L, Podoll M, Rodabaugh K, Salani R, Schorge J, Siedel J, Sisodia R, Soliman P, Ueda S, Urban R, Wethington SL, Wyse E, Zanotti K, McMillian N, Espinosa S
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2024 Mar;22(2):117-135. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2024.0013. PMID: 38503056
Surgical treatment of verrucous carcinoma: a review.
Fawaz B, Vieira C, Decker A, Lawrence N
J Dermatolog Treat 2022 Jun;33(4):1811-1815. Epub 2022 Jun 13 doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1914312. PMID: 33849379
Oral verrucous carcinoma: From multifactorial etiology to diverse treatment regimens (Review).
Peng Q, Wang Y, Quan H, Li Y, Tang Z
Int J Oncol 2016 Jul;49(1):59-73. Epub 2016 Apr 26 doi: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3501. PMID: 27121637

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

WHO 2022 classification of penile and scrotal cancers: updates and evolution.
Menon S, Moch H, Berney DM, Cree IA, Srigley JR, Tsuzuki T, Compérat E, Hartmann A, Netto G, Rubin MA, Gill AJ, Turajlic S, Tan PH, Raspollini MR, Tickoo SK, Amin MB
Histopathology 2023 Mar;82(4):508-520. Epub 2022 Nov 9 doi: 10.1111/his.14824. PMID: 36221864
HPV-independent, p53-wild-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of nomenclature and the journey to characterize verruciform and acanthotic precursor lesions of the vulva.
Parra-Herran C, Nucci MR, Singh N, Rakislova N, Howitt BE, Hoang L, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Watkins JC
Mod Pathol 2022 Oct;35(10):1317-1326. Epub 2022 Apr 18 doi: 10.1038/s41379-022-01079-7. PMID: 35437330
HPV-Related Papillary Lesions of the Oral Mucosa: A Review.
Betz SJ
Head Neck Pathol 2019 Mar;13(1):80-90. Epub 2019 Jan 29 doi: 10.1007/s12105-019-01003-7. PMID: 30693456Free PMC Article
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325
Oral cancer and precancerous lesions.
Neville BW, Day TA
CA Cancer J Clin 2002 Jul-Aug;52(4):195-215. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.52.4.195. PMID: 12139232

Diagnosis

Cutaneous Verrucous Carcinomas: A Review.
Ye Q, Jia M, Deng LJ, Fang S
J Cutan Med Surg 2023 Mar-Apr;27(2):150-156. Epub 2023 Feb 14 doi: 10.1177/12034754231155895. PMID: 36789508
HPV-Related Papillary Lesions of the Oral Mucosa: A Review.
Betz SJ
Head Neck Pathol 2019 Mar;13(1):80-90. Epub 2019 Jan 29 doi: 10.1007/s12105-019-01003-7. PMID: 30693456Free PMC Article
Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder.
Park S, Reuter VE, Hansel DE
Histopathology 2019 Jan;74(1):97-111. doi: 10.1111/his.13719. PMID: 30565306
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325
Anal neoplasms.
Garrett K, Kalady MF
Surg Clin North Am 2010 Feb;90(1):147-61, Table of Contents. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2009.09.008. PMID: 20109639

Therapy

Surgical treatment of verrucous carcinoma: a review.
Fawaz B, Vieira C, Decker A, Lawrence N
J Dermatolog Treat 2022 Jun;33(4):1811-1815. Epub 2022 Jun 13 doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1914312. PMID: 33849379
Systemic therapy in non-conventional cancers of the larynx.
Tan E, Mody MD, Saba NF
Oral Oncol 2018 Jul;82:61-68. Epub 2018 May 26 doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.05.005. PMID: 29909903
Oral epithelial dysplasia, atypical verrucous lesions and oral potentially malignant disorders: focus on histopathology.
Müller S
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018 Jun;125(6):591-602. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.02.012. PMID: 29606637
Current management strategies for verrucous hyperkeratosis and verrucous carcinoma.
Sciubba JJ, Helman JI
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2013 Feb;25(1):77-82, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2012.11.008. PMID: 23399397
Oral cancer and precancerous lesions.
Neville BW, Day TA
CA Cancer J Clin 2002 Jul-Aug;52(4):195-215. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.52.4.195. PMID: 12139232

Prognosis

WHO 2022 classification of penile and scrotal cancers: updates and evolution.
Menon S, Moch H, Berney DM, Cree IA, Srigley JR, Tsuzuki T, Compérat E, Hartmann A, Netto G, Rubin MA, Gill AJ, Turajlic S, Tan PH, Raspollini MR, Tickoo SK, Amin MB
Histopathology 2023 Mar;82(4):508-520. Epub 2022 Nov 9 doi: 10.1111/his.14824. PMID: 36221864
Oral human papilloma virus infection: an overview of clinical-laboratory diagnosis and treatment.
Orrù G, Mameli A, Demontis C, Rossi P, Ratto D, Occhinegro A, Piras V, Kuqi L, Berretta M, Taibi R, Scano A, Coni P
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Sep;23(18):8148-8157. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_19035. PMID: 31599444
Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder.
Park S, Reuter VE, Hansel DE
Histopathology 2019 Jan;74(1):97-111. doi: 10.1111/his.13719. PMID: 30565306
Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings.
Maymone MBC, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jul;81(1):59-71. Epub 2018 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060. PMID: 30447325
Laryngeal Verrucous Carcinoma.
Echanique KA, Desai SV, Marchiano E, Spinazzi EF, Strojan P, Baredes S, Eloy JA
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Jan;156(1):38-45. Epub 2016 Aug 9 doi: 10.1177/0194599816662631. PMID: 27484231

Clinical prediction guides

Elective Neck Dissection for cT1-4 N0M0 Head and Neck Verrucous Carcinoma.
Patel AM, Vedula S, Haleem A, Choudhry HS, Tseng CC, Park RCW
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023 Nov;169(5):1187-1199. Epub 2023 Jun 6 doi: 10.1002/ohn.374. PMID: 37278222
Verrucous carcinoma of the vulva: Patterns of care and treatment outcomes.
Dryden SM, Reshko LB, Gaskins JT, Silva SR
Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022 Oct;5(10):e21591. Epub 2022 Jan 24 doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1591. PMID: 35075817Free PMC Article
A Malignant Mimic.
Shergill S, Smyrk TC, Sweetser S
Gastroenterology 2017 Apr;152(5):953-955. Epub 2017 Mar 1 doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.11.015. PMID: 28259718
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: recognition and differentiation from conventional leukoplakia and mimics.
Gillenwater AM, Vigneswaran N, Fatani H, Saintigny P, El-Naggar AK
Head Neck 2014 Nov;36(11):1662-8. Epub 2014 Aug 28 doi: 10.1002/hed.23505. PMID: 24115154
Penile cancer.
Micali G, Nasca MR, Innocenzi D, Schwartz RA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2006 Mar;54(3):369-91; quiz 391-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.007. PMID: 16488287

Recent systematic reviews

Epidemiological, clinical and oncological outcomes of laryngeal verrucous carcinomas: a systematic review.
Lechien JR, Hans S
J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023 Dec 13;52(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s40463-023-00666-1. PMID: 38093339Free PMC Article
Surgical treatment of verrucous carcinoma: a review.
Fawaz B, Vieira C, Decker A, Lawrence N
J Dermatolog Treat 2022 Jun;33(4):1811-1815. Epub 2022 Jun 13 doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1914312. PMID: 33849379
Optimal treatment for penile verrucous carcinoma: a systematic literature review.
Jo DI, Han SH, Kim SH, Kim HY, Chung H, Kim HS
BMC Urol 2021 Jan 29;21(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12894-020-00777-1. PMID: 33514369Free PMC Article
Diagnostic Biomarkers in Oral Verrucous Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.
Hosseinpour S, Mashhadiabbas F, Ahsaie MG
Pathol Oncol Res 2017 Jan;23(1):19-32. Epub 2016 Dec 6 doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0150-x. PMID: 27924463
Laryngeal Verrucous Carcinoma.
Echanique KA, Desai SV, Marchiano E, Spinazzi EF, Strojan P, Baredes S, Eloy JA
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Jan;156(1):38-45. Epub 2016 Aug 9 doi: 10.1177/0194599816662631. PMID: 27484231

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