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Schizoid personality disorder

MedGen UID:
20662
•Concept ID:
C0036339
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Disorder, Schizoid Personality; Disorders, Schizoid Personality; Personalities, Schizoid; Personality Disorder, Schizoid; Personality Disorders, Schizoid; Personality, Schizoid; Schizoid Personalities; Schizoid Personality; Schizoid Personality Disorder; Schizoid Personality Disorders
SNOMED CT: Schizoid personality disorder (52954000)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001161

Definition

A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of extreme social detachment and lack of involvement in interpersonal activities, coupled with emotional coldness. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSchizoid personality disorder

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Co-Occurrence of Trauma Related Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: AQ Study on a Clinical Sample of Patients Seeking Psychotherapy Treatment.
Borroni S, Masci E, Franzoni C, Somma A, Fossati A
Psychiatry Res 2021 Jan;295:113587. Epub 2020 Nov 24 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113587. PMID: 33349435
Disparities in the management of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ayerbe L, Forgnone I, Foguet-Boreu Q, González E, Addo J, Ayis S
Psychol Med 2018 Dec;48(16):2693-2701. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1017/S0033291718000302. PMID: 29490716
The differential diagnosis of impaired reciprocal social interaction in children: a review of disorders.
Scheeringa MS
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2001 Fall;32(1):71-89. doi: 10.1023/a:1017511714145. PMID: 11579660

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Suicidality in Individuals with Schizoid Personality Disorder or Traits: A Clinical Mini-Review of a Probably Underestimated Issue.
Attademo L, Bernardini F, Spatuzzi R
Psychiatr Danub 2021 Fall;33(3):261-265. doi: 10.24869/psyd.2021.261. PMID: 34795159
Commentary about social avoidance and its significance in adolescents and young adults.
Simon AE, Keller P, Cattapan K
Psychiatry Res 2021 Mar;297:113718. Epub 2021 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113718. PMID: 33465524
On the Continuity Between Autistic and Schizoid Personality Disorder Trait Burden: A Prospective Study in Adolescence.
Cook ML, Zhang Y, Constantino JN
J Nerv Ment Dis 2020 Feb;208(2):94-100. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001105. PMID: 31856140Free PMC Article
Personality and psychotic symptoms as predictors of self-harm and attempted suicide.
Del Bello V, Verdolini N, Pauselli L, Attademo L, Bernardini F, Quartesan R, Moretti P
Psychiatr Danub 2015 Sep;27 Suppl 1:S285-91. PMID: 26417781
Schizoid personality disorder.
Triebwasser J, Chemerinski E, Roussos P, Siever LJ
J Pers Disord 2012 Dec;26(6):919-26. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2012.26.6.919. PMID: 23281676

Diagnosis

Conceptualizing a less paranoid schizophrenia.
Long J, Hull R
Philos Ethics Humanit Med 2023 Nov 8;18(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s13010-023-00142-8. PMID: 37936219Free PMC Article
Suicidality in Individuals with Schizoid Personality Disorder or Traits: A Clinical Mini-Review of a Probably Underestimated Issue.
Attademo L, Bernardini F, Spatuzzi R
Psychiatr Danub 2021 Fall;33(3):261-265. doi: 10.24869/psyd.2021.261. PMID: 34795159
Commentary about social avoidance and its significance in adolescents and young adults.
Simon AE, Keller P, Cattapan K
Psychiatry Res 2021 Mar;297:113718. Epub 2021 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113718. PMID: 33465524
Psychosis.
Arciniegas DB
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2015 Jun;21(3 Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry):715-36. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000466662.89908.e7. PMID: 26039850Free PMC Article
Schizoid personality disorder.
Triebwasser J, Chemerinski E, Roussos P, Siever LJ
J Pers Disord 2012 Dec;26(6):919-26. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2012.26.6.919. PMID: 23281676

Therapy

Psychosis.
Arciniegas DB
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2015 Jun;21(3 Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry):715-36. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000466662.89908.e7. PMID: 26039850Free PMC Article
Patient personality and therapist response: an empirical investigation.
Colli A, Tanzilli A, Dimaggio G, Lingiardi V
Am J Psychiatry 2014 Jan;171(1):102-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13020224. PMID: 24077643
My spiritual journey.
Kelley C
Narrat Inq Bioeth 2011 Spring;1(1):13-5. doi: 10.1353/nib.2011.0028. PMID: 24406521
Lithium in the treatment of aggression.
Sheard MH
J Nerv Ment Dis 1975 Feb;160(2-1):108-18. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197502000-00005. PMID: 1090706
Minor tranquilizers in the treatment of aggression.
Azcarate CL
J Nerv Ment Dis 1975 Feb;160(2-1):100-7. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197502000-00004. PMID: 235008

Prognosis

Conceptualizing a less paranoid schizophrenia.
Long J, Hull R
Philos Ethics Humanit Med 2023 Nov 8;18(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s13010-023-00142-8. PMID: 37936219Free PMC Article
Personality and psychotic symptoms as predictors of self-harm and attempted suicide.
Del Bello V, Verdolini N, Pauselli L, Attademo L, Bernardini F, Quartesan R, Moretti P
Psychiatr Danub 2015 Sep;27 Suppl 1:S285-91. PMID: 26417781
The association between probable personality disorders and smoking cessation and maintenance.
Piñeiro B, Fernández Del Río E, López-Durán A, Martínez U, Becoña E
Addict Behav 2013 Aug;38(8):2369-73. Epub 2013 Apr 3 doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.03.017. PMID: 23628430
Taxometric analyses of paranoid and schizoid personality disorders.
Ahmed AO, Green BA, Buckley PF, McFarland ME
Psychiatry Res 2012 Mar 30;196(1):123-32. Epub 2012 Feb 28 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.10.010. PMID: 22377573
Heterogeneity of schizophrenia.
Tsuang MT
Biol Psychiatry 1975 Aug;10(4):465-74. PMID: 1100126

Clinical prediction guides

Prediction of prodromal symptoms and schizophrenia-spectrum personality disorder traits by positive and negative schizotypy: A 3-year prospective study.
Racioppi A, Sheinbaum T, Gross GM, Ballespí S, Kwapil TR, Barrantes-Vidal N
PLoS One 2018;13(11):e0207150. Epub 2018 Nov 8 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207150. PMID: 30408119Free PMC Article
Personality and psychotic symptoms as predictors of self-harm and attempted suicide.
Del Bello V, Verdolini N, Pauselli L, Attademo L, Bernardini F, Quartesan R, Moretti P
Psychiatr Danub 2015 Sep;27 Suppl 1:S285-91. PMID: 26417781
Are alexithymia and schizoid personality disorder synonymous diagnoses?
Coolidge FL, Estey AJ, Segal DL, Marle PD
Compr Psychiatry 2013 Feb;54(2):141-8. Epub 2012 Sep 27 doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.07.005. PMID: 23021894
Taxometric analyses of paranoid and schizoid personality disorders.
Ahmed AO, Green BA, Buckley PF, McFarland ME
Psychiatry Res 2012 Mar 30;196(1):123-32. Epub 2012 Feb 28 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.10.010. PMID: 22377573
Schizoid personality disorder: a synthesis of developmental, dynamic, and descriptive features.
Akhtar S
Am J Psychother 1987 Oct;41(4):499-518. doi: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1987.41.4.499. PMID: 3324773

Recent systematic reviews

Disparities in the management of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ayerbe L, Forgnone I, Foguet-Boreu Q, González E, Addo J, Ayis S
Psychol Med 2018 Dec;48(16):2693-2701. Epub 2018 Mar 1 doi: 10.1017/S0033291718000302. PMID: 29490716

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