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COVID-19

MedGen UID:
1699653
Concept ID:
C5203670
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Coronavirus disease 2019
SNOMED CT: Disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (840539006); Disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (840539006); COVID-19 (840539006); Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (840539006)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0100096

Definition

An acute infection of the respiratory tract that is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Based on currently available information, SARS-CoV-2 is thought to mainly spread from person to person through respiratory droplets. Typically, there is a two- to 14-day incubation period and infected persons can present with no symptoms or mild to severe fever, dry cough, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. Dysgeusia, anosmia, and gastrointestinal and flu-like symptoms have also been reported. Older adults and persons of any age who have serious underlying medical conditions may be of higher risk for severe illness, including secondary infections, respiratory failure, and multi-organ dysfunction. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Douglas AP, Smibert OC, Bajel A, Halliday CL, Lavee O, McMullan B, Yong MK, van Hal SJ, Chen SC; Australasian Antifungal Guidelines Steering Committee
Intern Med J 2021 Nov;51 Suppl 7:143-176. doi: 10.1111/imj.15591. PMID: 34937136
Carod-Artal FJ
Rev Neurol 2021 Jun 1;72(11):384-396. doi: 10.33588/rn.7211.2021230. PMID: 34042167
Tajbakhsh A, Gheibi Hayat SM, Taghizadeh H, Akbari A, Inabadi M, Savardashtaki A, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021 Mar;19(3):345-357. Epub 2020 Sep 28 doi: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1822737. PMID: 32921216

Curated

UK NICE Guideline NG191, COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing COVID-19, 2024

Guidance for COVID-19 and People With HIV, 2022

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Vosko I, Zirlik A, Bugger H
Viruses 2023 Feb 11;15(2) doi: 10.3390/v15020508. PMID: 36851722Free PMC Article
Najjar-Debbiny R, Gronich N, Weber G, Khoury J, Amar M, Stein N, Goldstein LH, Saliba W
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e342-e349. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac443. PMID: 35653428Free PMC Article
Dix E, Roy K
Psychiatr Clin North Am 2022 Dec;45(4):625-637. Epub 2022 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2022.07.009. PMID: 36396269Free PMC Article
Lin LC, Hollis B, Hefti MM
Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2022 May;65(Supplement):S146-S152. doi: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1103_21. PMID: 35562145
Joshi A, Kaur M, Kaur R, Grover A, Nash D, El-Mohandes A
Front Public Health 2021;9:698111. Epub 2021 Aug 13 doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.698111. PMID: 34485229Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Xie NN, Zhang WC, Chen J, Tian FB, Song JX
Curr Med Sci 2023 Dec;43(6):1066-1074. Epub 2023 Oct 14 doi: 10.1007/s11596-023-2797-3. PMID: 37837572
Scholkmann F, May CA
Pathol Res Pract 2023 Jun;246:154497. Epub 2023 May 3 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154497. PMID: 37192595Free PMC Article
Zheng C, Shao W, Chen X, Zhang B, Wang G, Zhang W
Int J Infect Dis 2022 Jan;114:252-260. Epub 2021 Nov 17 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.009. PMID: 34800687Free PMC Article
Elrobaa IH, New KJ
Front Public Health 2021;9:711616. Epub 2021 Sep 28 doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.711616. PMID: 34650947Free PMC Article
Stasi C, Fallani S, Voller F, Silvestri C
Eur J Pharmacol 2020 Dec 15;889:173644. Epub 2020 Oct 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173644. PMID: 33053381Free PMC Article

Therapy

Subbiah V
Nat Med 2023 Jan;29(1):49-58. Epub 2023 Jan 16 doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02160-z. PMID: 36646803
Roustit M, Demarcq O, Laporte S, Barthélémy P, Chassany O, Cucherat M, Demotes J, Diebolt V, Espérou H, Fouret C, Galaup A, Gambotti L, Gourio C, Guérin A, Labruyère C, Paoletti X, Porcher R, Simon T, Varoqueaux N
Therapie 2023 Jan-Feb;78(1):29-38. Epub 2022 Dec 5 doi: 10.1016/j.therap.2022.12.003. PMID: 36529559Free PMC Article
Petrini C, Mannelli C, Riva L, Gainotti S, Gussoni G
Front Public Health 2022;10:1081150. Epub 2022 Dec 15 doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1081150. PMID: 36590004Free PMC Article
Kjellberg A, Abdel-Halim L, Hassler A, El Gharbi S, Al-Ezerjawi S, Boström E, Sundberg CJ, Pernow J, Medson K, Kowalski JH, Rodriguez-Wallberg KA, Zheng X, Catrina S, Runold M, Ståhlberg M, Bruchfeld J, Nygren-Bonnier M, Lindholm P
BMJ Open 2022 Nov 2;12(11):e061870. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061870. PMID: 36323462Free PMC Article
Popp M, Reis S, Schießer S, Hausinger RI, Stegemann M, Metzendorf MI, Kranke P, Meybohm P, Skoetz N, Weibel S
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jun 21;6(6):CD015017. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015017.pub3. PMID: 35726131Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Woodruff RC, Tong X, Khan SS, Shah NS, Jackson SL, Loustalot F, Vaughan AS
Am J Prev Med 2024 Apr;66(4):582-589. Epub 2023 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.11.009. PMID: 37972797Free PMC Article
Schneider CV, Schneider KM, Teumer A, Rudolph KL, Hartmann D, Rader DJ, Strnad P
JAMA Intern Med 2022 Mar 1;182(3):291-300. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.7804. PMID: 35040871Free PMC Article
Poor HD
Chest 2021 Oct;160(4):1471-1480. Epub 2021 Jun 19 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.016. PMID: 34153340Free PMC Article
Villar J, Ariff S, Gunier RB, Thiruvengadam R, Rauch S, Kholin A, Roggero P, Prefumo F, do Vale MS, Cardona-Perez JA, Maiz N, Cetin I, Savasi V, Deruelle P, Easter SR, Sichitiu J, Soto Conti CP, Ernawati E, Mhatre M, Teji JS, Liu B, Capelli C, Oberto M, Salazar L, Gravett MG, Cavoretto PI, Nachinab VB, Galadanci H, Oros D, Ayede AI, Sentilhes L, Bako B, Savorani M, Cena H, García-May PK, Etuk S, Casale R, Abd-Elsalam S, Ikenoue S, Aminu MB, Vecciarelli C, Duro EA, Usman MA, John-Akinola Y, Nieto R, Ferrazi E, Bhutta ZA, Langer A, Kennedy SH, Papageorghiou AT
JAMA Pediatr 2021 Aug 1;175(8):817-826. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1050. PMID: 33885740Free PMC Article
Salzberger B, Buder F, Lampl B, Ehrenstein B, Hitzenbichler F, Holzmann T, Schmidt B, Hanses F
Infection 2021 Apr;49(2):233-239. Epub 2020 Oct 8 doi: 10.1007/s15010-020-01531-3. PMID: 33034020Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Friedrich M, Garg R
Kardiol Pol 2023;81(5):444-445. Epub 2023 May 2 doi: 10.33963/KP.a2023.0101. PMID: 37128932
Doeblin P, Jahnke C, Schneider M, Al-Tabatabaee S, Goetze C, Weiss KJ, Tanacli R, Faragli A, Witt U, Stehning C, Seidel F, Elsanhoury A, Kühne T, Tschöpe C, Pieske B, Kelle S
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022 Sep;38(9):2057-2071. Epub 2022 May 12 doi: 10.1007/s10554-022-02623-x. PMID: 37726611Free PMC Article
Petersen SE, Friedrich MG, Leiner T, Elias MD, Ferreira VM, Fenski M, Flamm SD, Fogel M, Garg R, Halushka MK, Hays AG, Kawel-Boehm N, Kramer CM, Nagel E, Ntusi NAB, Ostenfeld E, Pennell DJ, Raisi-Estabragh Z, Reeder SB, Rochitte CE, Starekova J, Suchá D, Tao Q, Schulz-Menger J, Bluemke DA
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2022 Apr;15(4):685-699. Epub 2021 Oct 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.08.021. PMID: 34656482Free PMC Article
Alvarez P, Sianis A, Brown J, Ali A, Briasoulis A
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2021 Jun 30;22(2):403-413. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2202046. PMID: 34258907
Maldonado-Garza HJ, Garza-González E, Bocanegra-Ibarias P, Flores-Treviño S
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 Jul;15(7):743-757. Epub 2021 Mar 19 doi: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1899807. PMID: 33682566

Recent systematic reviews

Allahyari F, Molaee H, Hosseini Nejad J
Z Naturforsch C J Biosci 2023 Jan 27;78(1-2):1-8. Epub 2022 Sep 12 doi: 10.1515/znc-2022-0092. PMID: 36087300
Ramandi A, Akbarzadeh MA, Khaheshi I, Khalilian MR
Curr Probl Cardiol 2023 Jun;48(6):101129. Epub 2022 Feb 6 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101129. PMID: 35139402Free PMC Article
Tavares-Júnior JWL, de Souza ACC, Borges JWP, Oliveira DN, Siqueira-Neto JI, Sobreira-Neto MA, Braga-Neto P
Cortex 2022 Jul;152:77-97. Epub 2022 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.04.006. PMID: 35537236Free PMC Article
Chenchula S, Karunakaran P, Sharma S, Chavan M
J Med Virol 2022 Jul;94(7):2969-2976. Epub 2022 Mar 14 doi: 10.1002/jmv.27697. PMID: 35246846Free PMC Article
Schou TM, Joca S, Wegener G, Bay-Richter C
Brain Behav Immun 2021 Oct;97:328-348. Epub 2021 Jul 30 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.018. PMID: 34339806Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Curated

    • NICE, 2024
      UK NICE Guideline NG191, COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing COVID-19, 2024
    • PAGAA, 2022
      Guidance for COVID-19 and People With HIV, 2022

    Consumer resources

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