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Peripheral axonal atrophy

MedGen UID:
871146
Concept ID:
C4025619
Disease or Syndrome
HPO: HP:0003384

Definition

Atrophic changes of axons of the peripheral nervous system. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPeripheral axonal atrophy

Conditions with this feature

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B
MedGen UID:
371512
Concept ID:
C1833219
Disease or Syndrome
A severe form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Onset in the second or third decade has manifestations of ulceration and infection of the feet. Symmetric and distal weakness develops mostly in the legs together with a severe symmetric distal sensory loss. Tendon reflexes are only reduced at ankles and foot deformities including pes cavus or planus and hammer toes, appear in childhood.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B1
MedGen UID:
343064
Concept ID:
C1854154
Disease or Syndrome
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease constitutes a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies. On the basis of electrophysiologic criteria, CMT is divided into 2 major types: type 1, the demyelinating form, characterized by a motor median nerve conduction velocity less than 38 m/s (see CMT1B; 118200); and type 2, the axonal form, with a normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction velocity. For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of axonal CMT type 2, see CMT2A1 (118210).
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A1
MedGen UID:
350076
Concept ID:
C1861678
Disease or Syndrome
MFN2 hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (MFN2-HMSN) is a classic axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, inherited in either an autosomal dominant (AD) manner (~90%) or an autosomal recessive (AR) manner (~10%). MFN2-HMSN is characterized by more severe involvement of the lower extremities than the upper extremities, distal upper-extremity involvement as the neuropathy progresses, more prominent motor deficits than sensory deficits, and normal (>42 m/s) or only slightly decreased nerve conduction velocities (NCVs). Postural tremor is common. Median onset is age 12 years in the AD form and age eight years in the AR form. The prevalence of optic atrophy is approximately 7% in the AD form and approximately 20% in the AR form.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2
MedGen UID:
1648317
Concept ID:
C4721887
Disease or Syndrome
MFN2 hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (MFN2-HMSN) is a classic axonal peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, inherited in either an autosomal dominant (AD) manner (~90%) or an autosomal recessive (AR) manner (~10%). MFN2-HMSN is characterized by more severe involvement of the lower extremities than the upper extremities, distal upper-extremity involvement as the neuropathy progresses, more prominent motor deficits than sensory deficits, and normal (>42 m/s) or only slightly decreased nerve conduction velocities (NCVs). Postural tremor is common. Median onset is age 12 years in the AD form and age eight years in the AR form. The prevalence of optic atrophy is approximately 7% in the AD form and approximately 20% in the AR form.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Castelli G, Desai KM, Cantone RE
Am Fam Physician 2020 Dec 15;102(12):732-739. PMID: 33320513
Sayad-Fathi S, Nasiri E, Zaminy A
Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019 Apr;19(4):301-311. Epub 2019 Feb 11 doi: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1576630. PMID: 30700166
Dadon-Nachum M, Melamed E, Offen D
Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011 Dec;11(12):1591-7. Epub 2011 Oct 13 doi: 10.1517/14712598.2011.628933. PMID: 21995439

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ashrafi MR, Amanat M, Garshasbi M, Kameli R, Nilipour Y, Heidari M, Rezaei Z, Tavasoli AR
Expert Rev Neurother 2020 Jan;20(1):65-84. Epub 2019 Dec 12 doi: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1699060. PMID: 31829048
Mckee AC, Daneshvar DH
Handb Clin Neurol 2015;127:45-66. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52892-6.00004-0. PMID: 25702209Free PMC Article
Nardocci N, Zorzi G
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;113:1919-24. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59565-2.00062-9. PMID: 23622415
Jung HH, Danek A, Walker RH
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011 Oct 25;6:68. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-68. PMID: 22027213Free PMC Article
Casasnovas C, Cano LM, Albertí A, Céspedes M, Rigo G
Foot Ankle Spec 2008 Dec;1(6):350-4. Epub 2008 Oct 22 doi: 10.1177/1938640008326247. PMID: 19825739

Diagnosis

Castelli G, Desai KM, Cantone RE
Am Fam Physician 2020 Dec 15;102(12):732-739. PMID: 33320513
Ashrafi MR, Amanat M, Garshasbi M, Kameli R, Nilipour Y, Heidari M, Rezaei Z, Tavasoli AR
Expert Rev Neurother 2020 Jan;20(1):65-84. Epub 2019 Dec 12 doi: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1699060. PMID: 31829048
Mckee AC, Daneshvar DH
Handb Clin Neurol 2015;127:45-66. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52892-6.00004-0. PMID: 25702209Free PMC Article
Nardocci N, Zorzi G
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;113:1919-24. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59565-2.00062-9. PMID: 23622415
Jung HH, Danek A, Walker RH
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011 Oct 25;6:68. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-68. PMID: 22027213Free PMC Article

Therapy

Greeck VB, Williams SK, Haas J, Wildemann B, Fairless R
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Jan 20;24(3) doi: 10.3390/ijms24032094. PMID: 36768415Free PMC Article
Rochkind S
Photomed Laser Surg 2017 Nov;35(11):604-615. doi: 10.1089/pho.2017.4381. PMID: 29099679
Keppel Hesselink JM, Kopsky DJ
Neurol Sci 2017 Jun;38(6):1137-1141. Epub 2017 May 11 doi: 10.1007/s10072-017-2993-7. PMID: 28497312
van Eijk J, Chan YC, Russell JW
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Dec 31;(12):CD009722. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009722.pub2. PMID: 24379134
Farmer KL, Li C, Dobrowsky RT
Pharmacol Rev 2012 Oct;64(4):880-900. Epub 2012 Aug 10 doi: 10.1124/pr.111.005314. PMID: 22885705Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Swash M, de Carvalho M
J Clin Neurophysiol 2020 May;37(3):197-199. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000660. PMID: 32358244
Mckee AC, Daneshvar DH
Handb Clin Neurol 2015;127:45-66. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52892-6.00004-0. PMID: 25702209Free PMC Article
Nardocci N, Zorzi G
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;113:1919-24. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59565-2.00062-9. PMID: 23622415
Jung HH, Danek A, Walker RH
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011 Oct 25;6:68. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-68. PMID: 22027213Free PMC Article
Casasnovas C, Cano LM, Albertí A, Céspedes M, Rigo G
Foot Ankle Spec 2008 Dec;1(6):350-4. Epub 2008 Oct 22 doi: 10.1177/1938640008326247. PMID: 19825739

Clinical prediction guides

Kawashima A, Kodama K, Okubo Y, Endo W, Inui T, Ikeda M, Katata Y, Togashi N, Ohba C, Imagawa E, Iwama K, Mizuguchi T, Kitami M, Aihara Y, Takayama J, Tamiya G, Kikuchi A, Kure S, Saitsu H, Matsumoto N, Haginoya K
Am J Med Genet A 2024 Oct;194(10):e63656. Epub 2024 May 17 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63656. PMID: 38760879
Martin PB, Holbrook SE, Hicks AN, Hines TJ, Bogdanik LP, Burgess RW, Cox GA
Hum Mol Genet 2023 Apr 6;32(8):1276-1288. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddac283. PMID: 36413117Free PMC Article
Bender F, Timmann D, van de Warrenburg BP, Adarmes-Gómez AD, Bender B, Thieme A, Synofzik M, Schöls L
Mov Disord 2021 Nov;36(11):2642-2652. Epub 2021 Jul 20 doi: 10.1002/mds.28713. PMID: 34288125
Cacace AT, Pinheiro JM
Audiol Neurootol 2011;16(6):398-413. Epub 2011 Jan 22 doi: 10.1159/000323276. PMID: 21266802
Latronico N, Guarneri B
Minerva Anestesiol 2008 Jun;74(6):319-23. PMID: 18500207

Recent systematic reviews

Boyce L, Wormald JCR, Ng CY, Miller R
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024 Oct;97:182-199. Epub 2024 Jul 30 doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.07.064. PMID: 39168029
Barichello T, Generoso JS, Dominguini D, Córneo E, Giridharan VV, Sahrapour TA, Simões LR, Rosa MID, Petronilho F, Ritter C, Sharshar T, Dal-Pizzol F
Crit Care Med 2022 Mar 1;50(3):e241-e252. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005307. PMID: 34402457
van Eijk J, Chan YC, Russell JW
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Dec 31;(12):CD009722. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009722.pub2. PMID: 24379134

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