From HPO
Pes planus- MedGen UID:
- 42034
- •Concept ID:
- C0016202
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
A foot where the longitudinal arch of the foot is in contact with the ground or floor when the individual is standing; or, in a patient lying supine, a foot where the arch is in contact with the surface of a flat board pressed against the sole of the foot by the examiner with a pressure similar to that expected from weight bearing; or, the height of the arch is reduced.
Absent Achilles reflex- MedGen UID:
- 108240
- •Concept ID:
- C0558845
- •
- Finding
Absence of the Achilles reflex (also known as the ankle jerk reflex), which can normally be elicited by tapping the tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsiflexed.
Pes cavus- MedGen UID:
- 675590
- •Concept ID:
- C0728829
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
An increase in height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot that does not flatten on weight bearing (i.e., a distinctly hollow form of the sole of the foot when it is bearing weight).
Hammertoe- MedGen UID:
- 209712
- •Concept ID:
- C1136179
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Hyperextension of the metatarsal-phalangeal joint with hyperflexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint.
Autoamputation- MedGen UID:
- 331463
- •Concept ID:
- C1833222
- •
- Finding
Auto-amputation is the spontaneous detachment of an appendage from the body due to long standing pathology.
Distal lower limb muscle weakness- MedGen UID:
- 324514
- •Concept ID:
- C1836450
- •
- Finding
Reduced strength of the distal musculature of the legs.
Foot dorsiflexor weakness- MedGen UID:
- 356163
- •Concept ID:
- C1866141
- •
- Finding
Weakness of the muscles responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot, that is, of the movement of the toes towards the shin. The foot dorsiflexors include the tibialis anterior, the extensor hallucis longus, the extensor digitorum longus, and the peroneus tertius muscles.
Autoamputation of foot- MedGen UID:
- 871255
- •Concept ID:
- C4025740
- •
- Finding
The spontaneous detachment of a foot from the body due to long standing pathology.
Fasciculations- MedGen UID:
- 5124
- •Concept ID:
- C0015644
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Fasciculations are observed as small, local, involuntary muscle contractions (twitching) visible under the skin. Fasciculations result from increased irritability of an axon (which in turn is often a manifestation of disease of a motor neuron). This leads to sporadic discharges of all the muscle fibers controlled by the axon in isolation from other motor units.
Peripheral neuropathy- MedGen UID:
- 18386
- •Concept ID:
- C0031117
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.
Sensory neuropathy- MedGen UID:
- 101791
- •Concept ID:
- C0151313
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy affecting the sensory nerves.
Areflexia- MedGen UID:
- 115943
- •Concept ID:
- C0234146
- •
- Finding
Absence of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Steppage gait- MedGen UID:
- 98105
- •Concept ID:
- C0427149
- •
- Finding
An abnormal gait pattern that arises from weakness of the pretibial and peroneal muscles due to a lower motor neuron lesion. Affected patients have footdrop and are unable to dorsiflex and evert the foot. The leg is lifted high on walking so that the toes clear the ground, and there may be a slapping noise when the foot strikes the ground again.
Hyporeflexia- MedGen UID:
- 195967
- •Concept ID:
- C0700078
- •
- Finding
Reduction of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Sensorimotor neuropathy- MedGen UID:
- 207266
- •Concept ID:
- C1112256
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Decreased number of peripheral myelinated nerve fibers- MedGen UID:
- 346872
- •Concept ID:
- C1858285
- •
- Finding
A loss of myelinated nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system (in general, this finding can be observed on nerve biopsy).
Decreased motor nerve conduction velocity- MedGen UID:
- 388130
- •Concept ID:
- C1858729
- •
- Finding
A type of decreased nerve conduction velocity that affects the motor neuron.
Axonal degeneration/regeneration- MedGen UID:
- 368889
- •Concept ID:
- C1968790
- •
- Finding
A pattern of simultaneous degeneration and regeneration of axons (see comment).
Impaired distal tactile sensation- MedGen UID:
- 867225
- •Concept ID:
- C4021583
- •
- Finding
A reduced sense of touch (tactile sensation) on the skin of the distal limbs. This is usually tested with a wisp of cotton or a fine camel's hair brush, by asking patients to say 'now' each time they feel the stimulus.
Peripheral axonal atrophy- MedGen UID:
- 871146
- •Concept ID:
- C4025619
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Atrophic changes of axons of the peripheral nervous system.
Decreased compound muscle action potential amplitude- MedGen UID:
- 908357
- •Concept ID:
- C4230625
- •
- Finding
Reduced level of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP), which is recorded following electrical stimulation of a nerve from surface electrodes overlying a muscle supplied by that nerve.
Somatic sensory dysfunction- MedGen UID:
- 1790456
- •Concept ID:
- C5551413
- •
- Finding
An abnormality of the primary sensation that is mediated by peripheral nerves (pain, temperature, touch, vibration, joint position). The word hypoesthesia (or hypesthesia) refers to a reduction in cutaneous sensation to a specific type of testing.
Distal muscle weakness- MedGen UID:
- 140883
- •Concept ID:
- C0427065
- •
- Finding
Reduced strength of the musculature of the distal extremities.
Distal lower limb amyotrophy- MedGen UID:
- 324515
- •Concept ID:
- C1836451
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Muscular atrophy of distal leg muscles.
Distal amyotrophy- MedGen UID:
- 338530
- •Concept ID:
- C1848736
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Muscular atrophy affecting muscles in the distal portions of the extremities.
Foot osteomyelitis- MedGen UID:
- 1370023
- •Concept ID:
- C4049342
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An infection of bone of the foot.
Dystrophic toenail- MedGen UID:
- 318813
- •Concept ID:
- C1833225
- •
- Finding
Toenail changes apart from changes of the color of the toenail (nail dyschromia) that involve partial or complete disruption of the various keratinous layers of the nail plate.
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of the immune system
- Abnormality of the integument
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system