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Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5(HPS5)

MedGen UID:
854711
Concept ID:
C3888004
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: HPS5
 
Gene (location): HPS5 (11p15.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013557
OMIM®: 614074

Disease characteristics

Excerpted from the GeneReview: Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, a bleeding diathesis, and, in some individuals, pulmonary fibrosis, granulomatous colitis, and/or immunodeficiency. Ocular findings include nystagmus, reduced iris pigment, reduced retinal pigment, foveal hypoplasia with significant reduction in visual acuity (usually in the range of 20/50 to 20/400), and strabismus in many individuals. Hair color ranges from white to brown; skin color ranges from white to olive and is usually at least a shade lighter than that of other family members. The bleeding diathesis can result in variable degrees of bruising, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, colonic bleeding, and prolonged bleeding with menses or after tooth extraction, circumcision, and/or other surgeries. Pulmonary fibrosis, colitis, and/or neutropenia have been reported in individuals with pathogenic variants in some HPS-related genes. Pulmonary fibrosis, a restrictive lung disease, typically causes symptoms in the early 30s and can progress to death within a decade. Granulomatous colitis is severe in about 15% of affected individuals. Neutropenia and/or immune defects occur primarily in individuals with pathogenic variants in AP3B1 and AP3D1. [from GeneReviews]
Authors:
Wendy J Introne  |  Marjan Huizing  |  May Christine V Malicdan, et. al.   view full author information

Additional description

From OMIM
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome-5 (HPS5) is characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, a bleeding diathesis, and lack of platelet dense bodies. HPS5 appears to be a milder form of the syndrome because the complications present in other forms of HPS, such as pulmonary fibrosis, granulomatous colitis, and neutropenia, have not been reported in HPS5 patients (Ringeisen et al., 2013). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, see HPS1 (203300).  http://www.omim.org/entry/614074

Clinical features

From HPO
Metrorrhagia
MedGen UID:
7614
Concept ID:
C0025874
Pathologic Function
Bleeding at irregular intervals.
Epistaxis
MedGen UID:
4996
Concept ID:
C0014591
Pathologic Function
Epistaxis, or nosebleed, refers to a hemorrhage localized in the nose.
Menorrhagia
MedGen UID:
44358
Concept ID:
C0025323
Pathologic Function
Prolonged and excessive menses at regular intervals in excess of 80 mL or lasting longer than 7 days.
Thrombocytopenia
MedGen UID:
52737
Concept ID:
C0040034
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.
Prolonged bleeding time
MedGen UID:
56231
Concept ID:
C0151529
Finding
Prolongation of the time taken for a standardized skin cut of fixed depth and length to stop bleeding.
Absent platelet dense granules
MedGen UID:
349276
Concept ID:
C1859918
Finding
Lack of platelet dense granules, a type of platelet organelles.
Impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation
MedGen UID:
870824
Concept ID:
C4025282
Finding
Abnormal platelet response to ADP as manifested by reduced or lacking aggregation of platelets upon addition of ADP.
Albinism
MedGen UID:
182
Concept ID:
C0001916
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal reduction in the amount of pigmentation (reduced or absent) of skin, hair and eye (iris and retina).
Bruising susceptibility
MedGen UID:
140849
Concept ID:
C0423798
Finding
An ecchymosis (bruise) refers to the skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. This term refers to an abnormally increased susceptibility to bruising. The corresponding phenotypic abnormality is generally elicited on medical history as a report of frequent ecchymoses or bruising without adequate trauma.
Nystagmus
MedGen UID:
45166
Concept ID:
C0028738
Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.
Strabismus
MedGen UID:
21337
Concept ID:
C0038379
Disease or Syndrome
A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.
Ocular albinism
MedGen UID:
38147
Concept ID:
C0078917
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormal reduction in the amount of pigmentation (reduced or absent) of the iris and retina.
Reduced visual acuity
MedGen UID:
65889
Concept ID:
C0234632
Finding
Diminished clarity of vision.
Horizontal nystagmus
MedGen UID:
124399
Concept ID:
C0271385
Disease or Syndrome
Nystagmus consisting of horizontal to-and-fro eye movements.
Iris transillumination defect
MedGen UID:
786045
Concept ID:
C1096099
Anatomical Abnormality
Transmission of light through the iris as visualized upon slit lamp examination or infrared iris transillumination videography. The light passes through defects in the pigmentation of the iris.
Foveal hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
393047
Concept ID:
C2673946
Finding
Underdevelopment of the fovea centralis.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Ma YJ, Zhang Q, Wang CX, Wu W
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022 Nov;26(22):8411-8424. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30377. PMID: 36459024
Ni-Komatsu L, Orlow SJ
J Invest Dermatol 2008 May;128(5):1236-47. Epub 2007 Nov 15 doi: 10.1038/sj.jid.5701163. PMID: 18007583

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Marzi C, Albrecht E, Hysi PG, Lagou V, Waldenberger M, Tönjes A, Prokopenko I, Heim K, Blackburn H, Ried JS, Kleber ME, Mangino M, Thorand B, Peters A, Hammond CJ, Grallert H, Boehm BO, Kovacs P, Geistlinger L, Prokisch H, Winkelmann BR, Spector TD, Wichmann HE, Stumvoll M, Soranzo N, März W, Koenig W, Illig T, Gieger C
PLoS Genet 2010 Nov 18;6(11):e1001213. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001213. PMID: 21124955Free PMC Article
Syrzycka M, McEachern LA, Kinneard J, Prabhu K, Fitzpatrick K, Schulze S, Rawls JM, Lloyd VK, Sinclair DA, Honda BM
Genome 2007 Jun;50(6):548-56. doi: 10.1139/g07-032. PMID: 17632576

Prognosis

Mériot M, Hitte C, Rimbault M, Dufaure de Citres C, Gache V, Abitbol M
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020 Nov;33(6):814-825. Epub 2020 Jun 29 doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12906. PMID: 32558164

Clinical prediction guides

Mériot M, Hitte C, Rimbault M, Dufaure de Citres C, Gache V, Abitbol M
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020 Nov;33(6):814-825. Epub 2020 Jun 29 doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12906. PMID: 32558164

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