U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

ANE syndrome(ANES)

MedGen UID:
394313
Concept ID:
C2677535
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Alopecia, neurologic defects, and endocrinopathy syndrome
SNOMED CT: ANE syndrome (770941005); ANE (alopecia, progressive neurological defect, endocrinopathy) syndrome (770941005); Alopecia, progressive neurological defect, endocrinopathy syndrome (770941005)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): RBM28 (7q32.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012794
OMIM®: 612079
Orphanet: ORPHA157954

Definition

Alopecia, neurologic defects, and endocrinopathy syndrome (ANES) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by alopecia with skin involvement including multiple facial nevi and flexural hyperpigmentation; moderately to severely impaired intellectual development; progressive motor decline; and endocrine deficiency (summary by Spiegel et al., 2010). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Ulnar deviation of the hand
MedGen UID:
66031
Concept ID:
C0241521
Finding
Divergence of the longitudinal axis of the hand at the wrist in a posterior (ulnar) direction (i.e., towards the little finger).
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Upper motor neuron dysfunction
MedGen UID:
333241
Concept ID:
C1839042
Pathologic Function
A functional anomaly of the upper motor neuron. The upper motor neurons are neurons of the primary motor cortex which project to the brainstem and spinal chord via the corticonuclear, corticobulbar and corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts. They are involved in control of voluntary movements. Dysfunction leads to weakness, impairment of fine motor movements, spasticity, hyperreflexia and abnormal pyramidal signs.
Motor deterioration
MedGen UID:
356495
Concept ID:
C1866284
Finding
Loss of previously present motor (i.e., movement) abilities.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Small pituitary gland
MedGen UID:
868479
Concept ID:
C4022873
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormally decreased size of the pituitary gland.
Muscular atrophy
MedGen UID:
892680
Concept ID:
C0541794
Pathologic Function
The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).
Kyphoscoliosis
MedGen UID:
154361
Concept ID:
C0575158
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.
Reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue
MedGen UID:
387876
Concept ID:
C1857657
Finding
A reduced amount of fat tissue in the lowest layer of the integument. This feature can be appreciated by a reduced skinfold thickness.
Limb joint contracture
MedGen UID:
369611
Concept ID:
C1969879
Anatomical Abnormality
A contracture (chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin) that prevent normal movement of one or more joints of the limbs.
Microcephaly
MedGen UID:
1644158
Concept ID:
C4551563
Finding
Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.
Carious teeth
MedGen UID:
8288
Concept ID:
C0011334
Disease or Syndrome
Caries is a multifactorial bacterial infection affecting the structure of the tooth. This term has been used to describe the presence of more than expected dental caries.
Partial congenital absence of teeth
MedGen UID:
43794
Concept ID:
C0020608
Congenital Abnormality
Tooth agenesis in some form is a common human anomaly that affects approximately 20% of the population. Although tooth agenesis is associated with numerous syndromes, several case reports describe nonsyndromic forms that are either sporadic or familial in nature, as reviewed by Gorlin et al. (1990). The incidence of familial tooth agenesis varies with each class of teeth. Most commonly affected are third molars (wisdom teeth), followed by either upper lateral incisors or lower second premolars; agenesis involving first and second molars is very rare. Also see 114600 and 302400. Selective tooth agenesis without associated systemic disorders has sometimes been divided into 2 types: oligodontia, defined as agenesis of 6 or more permanent teeth, and hypodontia, defined as agenesis of less than 6 teeth. The number in both cases does not include absence of third molars (wisdom teeth). Faulty use of the terms, however, have confounded their use. The term 'partial anodontia' is obsolete (Salinas, 1978). Genetic Heterogeneity of Selective Tooth Agenesis Other forms of selective tooth agenesis include STHAG2 (602639), mapped to chromosome 16q12; STHAG3 (604625), caused by mutation in the PAX9 gene (167416) on chromosome 14q12; STHAG4 (150400), caused by mutation in the WNT10A gene (606268) on chromosome 2q35; STHAG5 (610926), mapped to chromosome 10q11; STHAG7 (616724), caused by mutation in the LRP6 gene (603507) on chromosome 12p13; STHAG8 (617073), caused by mutation in the WNT10B gene (601906) on chromosome 12q13; STHAG9 (617275), caused by mutation in the GREM2 gene (608832) on chromosome 1q43; STHAG10 (620173), caused by mutation in the TSPEAR gene (612920) on chromosome 21q22; and STHAGX1 (313500), caused by mutation in the EDA gene (300451) on chromosome Xq13. A type of selective tooth agenesis that was formerly designated STHAG6 has been incorporated into the dental anomalies and short stature syndrome (DASS; 601216). Of 34 unrelated patients with nonsyndromic tooth agenesis, van den Boogaard et al. (2012) found that 56% (19 patients) had mutations in the WNT10A gene (STHAG4), whereas only 3% and 9% had mutations in the MSX1 (STHAG1) and PAX9 (STHAG3) genes, respectively. The authors concluded that WNT10A is a major gene in the etiology of isolated hypodontia. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations Yu et al. (2016) observed that the most frequently missing permanent teeth in WNT10B-associated oligodontia were the lateral incisors (83.3%), whereas premolars were missing only 51.4% of the time, which they noted was a pattern 'clearly different' from the oligodontia patterns resulting from WNT10A mutations. They also stated that the selective pattern in WNT10B mutants was different from that associated with mutations in other genes, such as MSX1, in which second premolars are missing, and PAX9, in which there is agenesis of molars.
Alopecia
MedGen UID:
7982
Concept ID:
C0002170
Finding
A noncongenital process of hair loss, which may progress to partial or complete baldness.
Melanocytic nevus
MedGen UID:
14364
Concept ID:
C0027962
Neoplastic Process
A oval and round, colored (usually medium-to dark brown, reddish brown, or flesh colored) lesion. Typically, a melanocytic nevus is less than 6 mm in diameter, but may be much smaller or larger.
Flexural reticulate hyperpigmentation
MedGen UID:
1054759
Concept ID:
CN378088
Finding
Hyperpigmented macules with a reticulate (net-like) pattern involving the neck, axillae, groins, and other flexures like the inframammary folds in females. Histopathology shows orthokeratosis or hyperkeratosis, thinning of the suprapapillary epithelium, elongation of the rete ridges, hyperpigmentation of the basal layer, and follicular cysts. A perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate can be observed in the papillary dermis.
Delayed puberty
MedGen UID:
46203
Concept ID:
C0034012
Pathologic Function
Passing the age when puberty normally occurs with no physical or hormonal signs of the onset of puberty.
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
MedGen UID:
82883
Concept ID:
C0271623
Disease or Syndrome
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is characterized by reduced function of the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females) and results from the absence of the gonadal stimulating pituitary hormones
Central adrenal insufficiency
MedGen UID:
184925
Concept ID:
C0948387
Disease or Syndrome
A form of adrenal insufficiency related to a lack of ACTH, which leads to a decrease in the production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Aldosterone production is not usually affected.
Gynecomastia
MedGen UID:
6694
Concept ID:
C0018418
Disease or Syndrome
Abnormal development of large mammary glands in males resulting in breast enlargement.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVANE syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for ANE syndrome in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Nousbeck J, Spiegel R, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Indelman M, Shani-Adir A, Adir N, Lipkin E, Bercovici S, Geiger D, van Steensel MA, Steijlen PM, Bergman R, Bindereif A, Choder M, Shalev S, Sprecher E
Am J Hum Genet 2008 May;82(5):1114-21. Epub 2008 Apr 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.014. PMID: 18439547Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Bryant CJ, Lorea CF, de Almeida HL Jr, Weinert L, Vedolin L, Pinto E Vairo F, Baserga SJ
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021 May 11;118(19) doi: 10.1073/pnas.2017777118. PMID: 33941690Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Bryant CJ, Lorea CF, de Almeida HL Jr, Weinert L, Vedolin L, Pinto E Vairo F, Baserga SJ
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021 May 11;118(19) doi: 10.1073/pnas.2017777118. PMID: 33941690Free PMC Article
Warshauer E, Samuelov L, Sarig O, Vodo D, Bindereif A, Kanaan M, Gat U, Fuchs-Telem D, Shomron N, Farberov L, Pasmanik-Chor M, Nardini G, Winkler E, Meilik B, Petit I, Aberdam D, Paus R, Sprecher E, Nousbeck J
Exp Dermatol 2015 Aug;24(8):618-22. Epub 2015 May 26 doi: 10.1111/exd.12737. PMID: 25939713

Supplemental Content

Recent activity

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

See more...