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Tetanus

MedGen UID:
21489
Concept ID:
C0039614
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Lockjaw
SNOMED CT: Tetanus (76902006); Infection caused by Clostridium tetani (276202003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005526
Orphanet: ORPHA3299

Definition

A toxin-mediated infection due to the anaerobic bacteria <i>Clostridium tetani</i> and characterized by spasms and contractions of the skeletal muscles, the disease is often lethal. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTetanus
Follow this link to review classifications for Tetanus in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Wouk N
Am Fam Physician 2021 Nov 1;104(5):493-499. PMID: 34783494
Hurt JB, Maday KR
JAAPA 2018 Apr;31(4):27-31. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000531049.59137.cd. PMID: 30973531
Rhinesmith E, Fu L
Pediatr Rev 2018 Aug;39(8):430-432. doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0238. PMID: 30068747

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Elenge DM, Heo JS, Kim SS, Kim YK, Lee JH, Xavier S, Bahar E, Dos Santos G, Guignard A
Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2406060. Epub 2024 Oct 8 doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2406060. PMID: 39376187Free PMC Article
Greyson D, Correia R, Howard M, Darling EK, Kirkwood D, Davis A, Mniszak C, Jones A, Molinaro M, Vanstone M
CMAJ 2024 Sep 30;196(32):E1100-E1113. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.231522. PMID: 39353631Free PMC Article
Leal P, Gaete J, González C, Burgos P
BMC Public Health 2023 Sep 28;23(1):1882. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16769-3. PMID: 37770902Free PMC Article
Hurtaud A, Coomans C, Vuillemin B, Benamar A, Couraud M, Pham BN, Sanchez S, Barbe C
BMC Health Serv Res 2023 Aug 23;23(1):903. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09805-w. PMID: 37612678Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Seinfeld J, Sobrevilla A, Rosales ML, Ibañez M, Munayco C, Ruiz D
BMC Health Serv Res 2024 Oct 10;24(1):1216. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11684-8. PMID: 39390544Free PMC Article

Therapy

Boisnard F, Manson C, Serradell L, Macina D
Expert Rev Vaccines 2023 Jan-Dec;22(1):1196-1213. Epub 2023 Dec 6 doi: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2280236. PMID: 37936265
Abdullahi LH, Kagina BM, Ndze VN, Hussey GD, Wiysonge CS
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 17;1(1):CD011895. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011895.pub2. PMID: 31978259Free PMC Article
Sampson JH, Gunn MD, Fecci PE, Ashley DM
Nat Rev Cancer 2020 Jan;20(1):12-25. Epub 2019 Dec 5 doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0224-7. PMID: 31806885Free PMC Article
Munoz FM, Bond NH, Maccato M, Pinell P, Hammill HA, Swamy GK, Walter EB, Jackson LA, Englund JA, Edwards MS, Healy CM, Petrie CR, Ferreira J, Goll JB, Baker CJ
JAMA 2014 May 7;311(17):1760-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.3633. PMID: 24794369Free PMC Article
Yeh SH
Expert Rev Vaccines 2005 Apr;4(2):139-45. doi: 10.1586/14760584.4.2.139. PMID: 15889985

Prognosis

Benn CS, Fisker AB, Rieckmann A, Sørup S, Aaby P
Lancet Infect Dis 2020 Oct;20(10):e274-e283. Epub 2020 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30742-X. PMID: 32645296
GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators
Lancet Neurol 2019 May;18(5):459-480. Epub 2019 Mar 14 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30499-X. PMID: 30879893Free PMC Article
Kuchar E, Karlikowska-Skwarnik M, Han S, Nitsch-Osuch A
Adv Exp Med Biol 2016;934:77-82. doi: 10.1007/5584_2016_21. PMID: 27256351
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA 3rd, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De León FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA
Lancet 2012 Dec 15;380(9859):2095-128. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. PMID: 23245604Free PMC Article
Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J; Lancet Neonatal Survival Steering Team
Lancet 2005 Mar 5-11;365(9462):891-900. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71048-5. PMID: 15752534

Clinical prediction guides

Greenberg V, Vazquez-Benitez G, Kharbanda EO, Daley MF, Fu Tseng H, Klein NP, Naleway AL, Williams JTB, Donahue J, Jackson L, Weintraub E, Lipkind H, DeSilva MB
Vaccine 2023 May 22;41(22):3429-3435. Epub 2023 Apr 26 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.043. PMID: 37117057Free PMC Article
Callahan AG, Strassberg ER, Rhoades CP, Varghese L, Schulkin J, Power ML
J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022 May;31(5):656-664. Epub 2022 Feb 25 doi: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0365. PMID: 35230168
Bozzo P, Narducci A, Einarson A
Can Fam Physician 2011 May;57(5):555-7. PMID: 21571717Free PMC Article
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article
Newman C, Jacobs C, Roberts B
Conn Med 1975 Dec;39(12):773-4. PMID: 1204340

Recent systematic reviews

GBD 2017 US Neurological Disorders Collaborators, Feigin VL, Vos T, Alahdab F, Amit AML, Bärnighausen TW, Beghi E, Beheshti M, Chavan PP, Criqui MH, Desai R, Dhamminda Dharmaratne S, Dorsey ER, Wilder Eagan A, Elgendy IY, Filip I, Giampaoli S, Giussani G, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hole MK, Ikeda T, Owens Johnson C, Kalani R, Khatab K, Khubchandani J, Kim D, Koroshetz WJ, Krishnamoorthy V, Krishnamurthi RV, Liu X, Lo WD, Logroscino G, Mensah GA, Miller TR, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrison SD, Shivamurthy VKN, Naghavi M, Nichols E, Norrving B, Odell CM, Pupillo E, Radfar A, Roth GA, Shafieesabet A, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shin JI, Singh JA, Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Wallin MT, Weiss J, Wu C, Zunt JR, Adelson JD, Murray CJL
JAMA Neurol 2021 Feb 1;78(2):165-176. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4152. PMID: 33136137Free PMC Article
Yuan S, Xiong Y, Larsson SC
J Neurol 2021 Jan;268(1):114-124. Epub 2020 Jul 29 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10119-8. PMID: 32728946Free PMC Article
Abdullahi LH, Kagina BM, Ndze VN, Hussey GD, Wiysonge CS
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 17;1(1):CD011895. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011895.pub2. PMID: 31978259Free PMC Article
Leidner AJ, Murthy N, Chesson HW, Biggerstaff M, Stoecker C, Harris AM, Acosta A, Dooling K, Bridges CB
Vaccine 2019 Jan 7;37(2):226-234. Epub 2018 Dec 4 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.11.056. PMID: 30527660Free PMC Article
Jarrett C, Wilson R, O'Leary M, Eckersberger E, Larson HJ; SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy
Vaccine 2015 Aug 14;33(34):4180-90. Epub 2015 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.040. PMID: 25896377

Supplemental Content

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