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Protein-energy malnutrition

MedGen UID:
19521
•Concept ID:
C0033677
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Malnutrition, Protein-Calorie; Malnutrition, Protein-Energy; Malnutritions, Protein-Energy; Protein Calorie Malnutrition; Protein Energy Malnutrition; Protein-Calorie Malnutrition; Protein-Energy Malnutrition
SNOMED CT: Protein calorie malnutrition (238107002); Deficiency of macronutrients (238107002); Protein-energy malnutrition (238107002); PCM - Protein-calorie malnutrition (238107002); Protein-calorie undernutrition (238107002); PEM - Protein-energy malnutrition (238107002); Protein-calorie malnutrition (238107002)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001371

Definition

A nutritional deficit that is caused by inadequate protein or calorie intake. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVProtein-energy malnutrition

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Risk of malnutrition assessment in hospitalised adults: A scoping review of existing instruments.
Chrástecká M, Blanař V, Pospíchal J
J Clin Nurs 2023 Jul;32(13-14):3397-3411. Epub 2022 Jul 24 doi: 10.1111/jocn.16470. PMID: 35871286
The evaluation and management of macronutrient deficiency dermatoses.
Nosewicz J, Sparks A, Hart PA, Roberts KM, Kaffenberger JA, Korman A, Trinidad JC, Spaccarelli N, Kaffenberger BH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2022 Sep;87(3):640-647. Epub 2022 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.007. PMID: 35427683
Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM): Guidance on validation of the operational criteria for the diagnosis of protein-energy malnutrition in adults.
de van der Schueren MAE, Keller H; GLIM Consortium, Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Compher C, Correia MITD, Gonzalez MC, Jager-Wittenaar H, Pirlich M, Steiber A, Waitzberg D, Jensen GL
Clin Nutr 2020 Sep;39(9):2872-2880. Epub 2020 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.022. PMID: 32563597

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The Use of Visceral Proteins as Nutrition Markers: An ASPEN Position Paper.
Evans DC, Corkins MR, Malone A, Miller S, Mogensen KM, Guenter P, Jensen GL; ASPEN Malnutrition Committee
Nutr Clin Pract 2021 Feb;36(1):22-28. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1002/ncp.10588. PMID: 33125793
Protein-calorie malnutrition, macronutrient supplements, and tuberculosis.
Koethe JR, von Reyn CF
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016 Jul;20(7):857-63. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0936. PMID: 27287634
Malnutrition in the elderly: a narrative review.
Agarwal E, Miller M, Yaxley A, Isenring E
Maturitas 2013 Dec;76(4):296-302. Epub 2013 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.07.013. PMID: 23958435
Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism.
Ikizler TA, Cano NJ, Franch H, Fouque D, Himmelfarb J, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuhlmann MK, Stenvinkel P, TerWee P, Teta D, Wang AY, Wanner C; International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism
Kidney Int 2013 Dec;84(6):1096-107. Epub 2013 May 22 doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.147. PMID: 23698226
Malaria: nutritional implications.
McGregor IA
Rev Infect Dis 1982 Jul-Aug;4(4):798-804. doi: 10.1093/4.4.798. PMID: 6812196

Diagnosis

Nutritional Support for Alcoholic Liver Disease.
Tadokoro T, Morishita A, Himoto T, Masaki T
Nutrients 2023 Mar 10;15(6) doi: 10.3390/nu15061360. PMID: 36986091Free PMC Article
Overcoming protein-energy malnutrition in older adults in the residential care setting: A narrative review of causes and interventions.
Mathewson SL, Azevedo PS, Gordon AL, Phillips BE, Greig CA
Ageing Res Rev 2021 Sep;70:101401. Epub 2021 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101401. PMID: 34237434
The Use of Visceral Proteins as Nutrition Markers: An ASPEN Position Paper.
Evans DC, Corkins MR, Malone A, Miller S, Mogensen KM, Guenter P, Jensen GL; ASPEN Malnutrition Committee
Nutr Clin Pract 2021 Feb;36(1):22-28. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1002/ncp.10588. PMID: 33125793
Malnutrition in the elderly: a narrative review.
Agarwal E, Miller M, Yaxley A, Isenring E
Maturitas 2013 Dec;76(4):296-302. Epub 2013 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.07.013. PMID: 23958435
Protein energy malnutrition.
Grover Z, Ee LC
Pediatr Clin North Am 2009 Oct;56(5):1055-68. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.07.001. PMID: 19931063

Therapy

Protein Nutrition and Malnutrition in CKD and ESRD.
Zha Y, Qian Q
Nutrients 2017 Feb 27;9(3) doi: 10.3390/nu9030208. PMID: 28264439Free PMC Article
Enteral and parenteral nutrition in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chow R, Bruera E, Chiu L, Chow S, Chiu N, Lam H, McDonald R, DeAngelis C, Vuong S, Ganesh V, Chow E
Ann Palliat Med 2016 Jan;5(1):30-41. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-5820.2016.01.01. PMID: 26841813
Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adults, the PROVIDE study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Bauer JM, Verlaan S, Bautmans I, Brandt K, Donini LM, Maggio M, McMurdo ME, Mets T, Seal C, Wijers SL, Ceda GP, De Vito G, Donders G, Drey M, Greig C, Holmbäck U, Narici M, McPhee J, Poggiogalle E, Power D, Scafoglieri A, Schultz R, Sieber CC, Cederholm T
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015 Sep 1;16(9):740-7. Epub 2015 Jul 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.021. PMID: 26170041
Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism.
Ikizler TA, Cano NJ, Franch H, Fouque D, Himmelfarb J, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuhlmann MK, Stenvinkel P, TerWee P, Teta D, Wang AY, Wanner C; International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism
Kidney Int 2013 Dec;84(6):1096-107. Epub 2013 May 22 doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.147. PMID: 23698226
Protein energy malnutrition.
Grover Z, Ee LC
Pediatr Clin North Am 2009 Oct;56(5):1055-68. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.07.001. PMID: 19931063

Prognosis

Health inequalities of global protein-energy malnutrition from 1990 to 2019 and forecast prevalence for 2044: data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Jiang W, Zhao Y, Wu X, Du Y, Zhou W
Public Health 2023 Dec;225:102-109. Epub 2023 Nov 3 doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.10.003. PMID: 37924634
Geriatric Anorexia Nervosa.
Zayed M, Garry JP
J Am Board Fam Med 2017 Sep-Oct;30(5):666-669. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2017.05.170182. PMID: 28923819
Protein-energy wasting and mortality in chronic kidney disease.
Bonanni A, Mannucci I, Verzola D, Sofia A, Saffioti S, Gianetta E, Garibotto G
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2011 May;8(5):1631-54. Epub 2011 May 19 doi: 10.3390/ijerph8051631. PMID: 21655142Free PMC Article
Malnutrition and mortality.
Van den Broeck J
J R Soc Med 1995 Sep;88(9):487-90. PMID: 7562842Free PMC Article
Fetal malnutrition.
Nutr Rev 1973 Jun;31(6):179-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1973.tb05171.x. PMID: 4209260

Clinical prediction guides

The Metabolic Vulnerability Index: A Novel Marker for Mortality Prediction in Heart Failure.
Conners KM, Shearer JJ, Joo J, Park H, Manemann SM, Remaley AT, Otvos JD, Connelly MA, Sampson M, Bielinski SJ, Wolska A, Turecamo S, Roger VL
JACC Heart Fail 2024 Feb;12(2):290-300. Epub 2023 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.06.013. PMID: 37480881Free PMC Article
Evolving Concepts on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Malnutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Graterol Torres F, Molina M, Soler-Majoral J, Romero-González G, Rodríguez Chitiva N, Troya-Saborido M, Socias Rullan G, Burgos E, Paúl Martínez J, Urrutia Jou M, Cañameras C, Riera Sadurní J, Vila A, Bover J
Nutrients 2022 Oct 14;14(20) doi: 10.3390/nu14204297. PMID: 36296981Free PMC Article
Malnutrition in older adults: screening and determinants.
Corish CA, Bardon LA
Proc Nutr Soc 2019 Aug;78(3):372-379. Epub 2018 Dec 3 doi: 10.1017/S0029665118002628. PMID: 30501651
Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adults, the PROVIDE study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Bauer JM, Verlaan S, Bautmans I, Brandt K, Donini LM, Maggio M, McMurdo ME, Mets T, Seal C, Wijers SL, Ceda GP, De Vito G, Donders G, Drey M, Greig C, Holmbäck U, Narici M, McPhee J, Poggiogalle E, Power D, Scafoglieri A, Schultz R, Sieber CC, Cederholm T
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015 Sep 1;16(9):740-7. Epub 2015 Jul 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.021. PMID: 26170041
Protein-energy malnutrition: a risk factor for various ailments.
Batool R, Butt MS, Sultan MT, Saeed F, Naz R
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015;55(2):242-53. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2011.651543. PMID: 24915388

Recent systematic reviews

Malnutrition Following One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass: a Systematic Review.
Bandlamudi N, Holt G, Graham Y, O'Kane M, Singhal R, Parmar C, Sakran N, Mahawar K, Pouwels S, Potluri S, Madhok B
Obes Surg 2023 Dec;33(12):4137-4146. Epub 2023 Nov 2 doi: 10.1007/s11695-023-06907-6. PMID: 37917389
Prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition risk in European older adults in community, residential and hospital settings, according to 22 malnutrition screening tools validated for use in adults ≥65 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Leij-Halfwerk S, Verwijs MH, van Houdt S, Borkent JW, Guaitoli PR, Pelgrim T, Heymans MW, Power L, Visser M, Corish CA, de van der Schueren MAE; MaNuEL Consortium
Maturitas 2019 Aug;126:80-89. Epub 2019 May 18 doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.05.006. PMID: 31239123
Enteral and parenteral nutrition in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chow R, Bruera E, Chiu L, Chow S, Chiu N, Lam H, McDonald R, DeAngelis C, Vuong S, Ganesh V, Chow E
Ann Palliat Med 2016 Jan;5(1):30-41. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-5820.2016.01.01. PMID: 26841813
Determinants of protein-energy malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review of observational studies.
van der Pols-Vijlbrief R, Wijnhoven HA, Schaap LA, Terwee CB, Visser M
Ageing Res Rev 2014 Nov;18:112-31. Epub 2014 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.09.001. PMID: 25257179
A systematic review of pharmacokinetics studies in children with protein-energy malnutrition.
Oshikoya KA, Sammons HM, Choonara I
Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010 Oct;66(10):1025-35. Epub 2010 Jun 16 doi: 10.1007/s00228-010-0851-0. PMID: 20552179

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