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Near esotropia

MedGen UID:
676679
•Concept ID:
C0730501
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Non-accomodative convergence excess esotropia
SNOMED CT: Near esotropia (313154006)
 
HPO: HP:0031722

Definition

An intermittent esotropia where there is binocular single vision on distance fixation and esotropia at near even when the accommodation is relieved. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVNear esotropia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Spasm of the Near Reflex: Literature Review and Proposed Management Strategy.
Hyndman J
J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2018 Jul-Sep;68(3):78-86. Epub 2018 Jul 6 doi: 10.1080/2576117X.2018.1486680. PMID: 30196785
Evaluation and Prism Management of Divergence Insufficiency Esotropia.
Haller T
Am Orthopt J 2015;65:40-3. doi: 10.3368/aoj.65.1.40. PMID: 26564925
Divergence Insufficiency Esotropia: Surgical Treatment.
Pineles SL
Am Orthopt J 2015;65:35-9. doi: 10.3368/aoj.65.1.35. PMID: 26564924Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Are binocular alignment and convergence amplitude different between phakic and pseudophakic older patients?
Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Asharlous A, Hashemi A
Strabismus 2022 Dec;30(4):190-195. Epub 2022 Oct 14 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2022.2134432. PMID: 36239198
Increasing incidence and risk factors for divergence insufficiency esotropia.
Chen X, Marsh JD, Zafar S, Gerber EE, Guyton DL
J AAPOS 2021 Oct;25(5):278.e1-278.e6. Epub 2021 Sep 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.05.013. PMID: 34582959
Outcome of surgery for near angle in patient with incomitant distance/near esotropia and without manifest deviation at distance.
Scaramuzzi M, Serafino M, Nucci P
Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Nov;31(6):3394-3398. Epub 2020 Nov 2 doi: 10.1177/1120672120964697. PMID: 33135499
Modified Y- split and recession of medial rectus muscles in convergence excess esotropia.
Bagheri A, Abbasnia E, Tavakoli M
Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Nov;31(6):3386-3393. Epub 2020 Oct 23 doi: 10.1177/1120672120965494. PMID: 33092400
Abnormal distance--near esotropia.
Albert DG, Lederman ME
Doc Ophthalmol 1973 Feb 21;34(1):27-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00151792. PMID: 4706095

Diagnosis

Are binocular alignment and convergence amplitude different between phakic and pseudophakic older patients?
Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Asharlous A, Hashemi A
Strabismus 2022 Dec;30(4):190-195. Epub 2022 Oct 14 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2022.2134432. PMID: 36239198
Increasing incidence and risk factors for divergence insufficiency esotropia.
Chen X, Marsh JD, Zafar S, Gerber EE, Guyton DL
J AAPOS 2021 Oct;25(5):278.e1-278.e6. Epub 2021 Sep 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.05.013. PMID: 34582959
Modified Y- split and recession of medial rectus muscles in convergence excess esotropia.
Bagheri A, Abbasnia E, Tavakoli M
Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Nov;31(6):3386-3393. Epub 2020 Oct 23 doi: 10.1177/1120672120965494. PMID: 33092400
Diagnosis and management of accommodative esotropia.
Liang SL, Fricke TR
Clin Exp Optom 2006 Sep;89(5):325-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00059.x. PMID: 16907672
The effect of surgery on the AC/A ratio.
Lucas E, Bentley CR, Aclimandos WA
Eye (Lond) 1994;8 ( Pt 1):109-14. doi: 10.1038/eye.1994.21. PMID: 8013701

Therapy

Preoperative prism adaptation in acquired esotropia with convergence excess.
Wygnanski-Jaffe T, Trotter J, Watts P, Kraft SP, Abdolell M
J AAPOS 2003 Feb;7(1):28-33. doi: 10.1067/mpa.2003.S1091853102420174. PMID: 12690366
Abnormal distance--near esotropia.
Albert DG, Lederman ME
Doc Ophthalmol 1973 Feb 21;34(1):27-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00151792. PMID: 4706095

Prognosis

Increasing incidence and risk factors for divergence insufficiency esotropia.
Chen X, Marsh JD, Zafar S, Gerber EE, Guyton DL
J AAPOS 2021 Oct;25(5):278.e1-278.e6. Epub 2021 Sep 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.05.013. PMID: 34582959
Diagnosis and management of accommodative esotropia.
Liang SL, Fricke TR
Clin Exp Optom 2006 Sep;89(5):325-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00059.x. PMID: 16907672
Medial rectus pulley posterior fixation: a novel technique to augment recession.
Clark RA, Ariyasu R, Demer JL
J AAPOS 2004 Oct;8(5):451-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2004.07.008. PMID: 15492738
Results of unilateral medial rectus recession in high AC/A ratio esotropia.
Procianoy E, Justo DM
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1991 Jul-Aug;28(4):212-4. doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-19910701-06. PMID: 1919968
Abnormal distance--near esotropia.
Albert DG, Lederman ME
Doc Ophthalmol 1973 Feb 21;34(1):27-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00151792. PMID: 4706095

Clinical prediction guides

Medial rectus pulley posterior fixation: a novel technique to augment recession.
Clark RA, Ariyasu R, Demer JL
J AAPOS 2004 Oct;8(5):451-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2004.07.008. PMID: 15492738

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