From HPO
Brachydactyly- MedGen UID:
- 67454
- •Concept ID:
- C0221357
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.
Broad palm- MedGen UID:
- 75535
- •Concept ID:
- C0264142
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
For children from birth to 4 years of age the palm width is more than 2 SD above the mean; for children from 4 to 16 years of age the palm width is above the 95th centile; or, the width of the palm appears disproportionately wide for the length.
Flexion contracture of toe- MedGen UID:
- 237248
- •Concept ID:
- C1406835
- •
- Finding
One or more bent (flexed) toe joints that cannot be straightened actively or passively.
Short metacarpal- MedGen UID:
- 323064
- •Concept ID:
- C1837084
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Diminished length of one or more metacarpal bones in relation to the others of the same hand or to the contralateral metacarpal.
Broad metacarpals- MedGen UID:
- 330796
- •Concept ID:
- C1842229
- •
- Finding
Abnormally broad metacarpal bones.
Broad metatarsal- MedGen UID:
- 330797
- •Concept ID:
- C1842231
- •
- Finding
Increased side-to-side width of a metatarsal bone.
Short finger- MedGen UID:
- 334977
- •Concept ID:
- C1844548
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Abnormally short finger associated with developmental hypoplasia.
Short metatarsal- MedGen UID:
- 341358
- •Concept ID:
- C1849020
- •
- Finding
Diminished length of a metatarsal bone, with resultant proximal displacement of the associated toe.
Broad phalanges of the hand- MedGen UID:
- 867033
- •Concept ID:
- C4021391
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Increased width of the phalanges of the hand.
Aortic valve stenosis- MedGen UID:
- 1621
- •Concept ID:
- C0003507
- •
- Pathologic Function
The presence of a stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic valve.
Patent ductus arteriosus- MedGen UID:
- 4415
- •Concept ID:
- C0013274
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences.
Congestive heart failure- MedGen UID:
- 9169
- •Concept ID:
- C0018802
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction.
Ventricular septal defect- MedGen UID:
- 42366
- •Concept ID:
- C0018818
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum.
Mitral regurgitation- MedGen UID:
- 7670
- •Concept ID:
- C0026266
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of the mitral valve characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction.
Ascending aortic dissection- MedGen UID:
- 322966
- •Concept ID:
- C1836653
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A separation of the layers within the wall of the ascending aorta. Tears in the intimal layer result in the propagation of dissection (proximally or distally) secondary to blood entering the intima-media space.
Pulmonic stenosis- MedGen UID:
- 408291
- •Concept ID:
- C1956257
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A narrowing of the right ventricular outflow tract that can occur at the pulmonary valve (valvular stenosis), below the pulmonary valve (infundibular stenosis), or above the pulmonary valve (supravalvar stenosis).
Short stature- MedGen UID:
- 87607
- •Concept ID:
- C0349588
- •
- Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Proportionate short stature- MedGen UID:
- 163901
- •Concept ID:
- C0878660
- •
- Finding
A kind of short stature in which different regions of the body are shortened to a comparable extent.
Protuberant abdomen- MedGen UID:
- 340750
- •Concept ID:
- C1854928
- •
- Finding
A thrusting or bulging out of the abdomen.
Thickened helices- MedGen UID:
- 325240
- •Concept ID:
- C1837732
- •
- Finding
Increased thickness of the helix of the ear.
Intellectual disability, mild- MedGen UID:
- 10044
- •Concept ID:
- C0026106
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.
Umbilical hernia- MedGen UID:
- 9232
- •Concept ID:
- C0019322
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect.
Scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 11348
- •Concept ID:
- C0036439
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Joint stiffness- MedGen UID:
- 56403
- •Concept ID:
- C0162298
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Joint stiffness is a perceived sensation of tightness in a joint or joints when attempting to move them after a period of inactivity. Joint stiffness typically subsides over time.
Brachycephaly- MedGen UID:
- 113165
- •Concept ID:
- C0221356
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a decreased anterior-posterior diameter. That is, a cephalic index greater than 81%. Alternatively, an apparently shortened anteroposterior dimension (length) of the head compared to width.
Hypoplasia of the maxilla- MedGen UID:
- 66804
- •Concept ID:
- C0240310
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Abnormally small dimension of the Maxilla. Usually creating a malocclusion or malalignment between the upper and lower teeth or resulting in a deficient amount of projection of the base of the nose and lower midface region.
Elbow flexion contracture- MedGen UID:
- 98367
- •Concept ID:
- C0409338
- •
- Acquired Abnormality
An elbow contracture that limits the ability of the elbow joint to be extended (straightened), meaning that the elbow is fixed in an flexed (bent) position.
Broad skull- MedGen UID:
- 98413
- •Concept ID:
- C0424693
- •
- Finding
Increased width of the skull.
Delayed skeletal maturation- MedGen UID:
- 108148
- •Concept ID:
- C0541764
- •
- Finding
A decreased rate of skeletal maturation. Delayed skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body.
Lumbar hyperlordosis- MedGen UID:
- 263149
- •Concept ID:
- C1184923
- •
- Finding
An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.
Thin bony cortex- MedGen UID:
- 318844
- •Concept ID:
- C1833325
- •
- Finding
Abnormal thinning of the cortical region of bones.
Broad ribs- MedGen UID:
- 336390
- •Concept ID:
- C1848654
- •
- Finding
Increased width of ribs
Spinal canal stenosis- MedGen UID:
- 396107
- •Concept ID:
- C1861329
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal.
Shallow orbits- MedGen UID:
- 351328
- •Concept ID:
- C1865244
- •
- Finding
Reduced depth of the orbits associated with prominent-appearing ocular globes.
Abnormal dental morphology- MedGen UID:
- 11849
- •Concept ID:
- C0040427
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormality of the morphology of the tooth.
High palate- MedGen UID:
- 66814
- •Concept ID:
- C0240635
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective).
Narrow palate- MedGen UID:
- 278045
- •Concept ID:
- C1398312
- •
- Finding
Width of the palate more than 2 SD below the mean (objective) or apparently decreased palatal width (subjective).
Depressed nasal bridge- MedGen UID:
- 373112
- •Concept ID:
- C1836542
- •
- Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Tooth malposition- MedGen UID:
- 377692
- •Concept ID:
- C1852504
- •
- Finding
Abnormal alignment, positioning, or spacing of the teeth, i.e., misaligned teeth.
Depressed glabella- MedGen UID:
- 869037
- •Concept ID:
- C4023455
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Posterior positioning of the glabella, i.e., of the midline forehead between the supraorbital ridges.
Striae distensae- MedGen UID:
- 57541
- •Concept ID:
- C0152459
- •
- Acquired Abnormality
Thinned, erythematous, depressed bands of atrophic skin. Initially, striae appear as flattened and thinned, pinkish linear regions of the skin. Striae tend to enlarge in length and become reddish or purplish. Later, striae tend to appear as white, depressed bands that are parallel to the lines of skin tension. Striae distensae occur most often in areas that have been subject to distension such as the lower back, buttocks, thighs, breast, abdomen, and shoulders.
Thickened skin- MedGen UID:
- 66024
- •Concept ID:
- C0241165
- •
- Finding
Laminar thickening of skin.
Lack of skin elasticity- MedGen UID:
- 892876
- •Concept ID:
- C4021998
- •
- Finding
Astigmatism- MedGen UID:
- 2473
- •Concept ID:
- C0004106
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Astigmatism (from the Greek 'a' meaning absence and 'stigma' meaning point) is a condition in which the parallel rays of light entering the eye through the refractive media are not focused on a single point. Both corneal and noncorneal factors contribute to refractive astigmatism. Corneal astigmatism is mainly the result of an aspheric anterior surface of the cornea, which can be measured readily by means of a keratometer; in a small fraction of cases (approximately 1 in 10) the effect is neutralized by the back surface. The curvature of the back surface of the cornea is not considered in most studies, because it is more difficult to measure; moreover, in the case of severe corneal astigmatism, there is evidence that both surfaces have the same configuration. Noncorneal factors are errors in the curvature of the 2 surfaces of the crystalline lens, irregularity in the refractive index of the lens, and an eccentric lens position. Since the cornea is the dominant component of the eye's refracting system, a highly astigmatic cornea is likely to result in a similarly astigmatic ocular refraction (summary by Clementi et al., 1998).
Ectopia lentis- MedGen UID:
- 41704
- •Concept ID:
- C0013581
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Dislocation or malposition of the crystalline lens of the eye. A partial displacement (or dislocation) of the lens is described as a subluxation of the lens, while a complete displacement is termed luxation of the lens. A complete displacement occurs if the lens is completely outside the patellar fossa of the lens, either in the anterior chamber, in the vitreous, or directly on the retina. If the lens is partially displaced but still contained within the lens space, then it is termed subluxation.
Glaucoma- MedGen UID:
- 42224
- •Concept ID:
- C0017601
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.
Lens luxation- MedGen UID:
- 6043
- •Concept ID:
- C0023309
- •
- Injury or Poisoning
Complete dislocation of the lens of the eye.
Cataract- MedGen UID:
- 39462
- •Concept ID:
- C0086543
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.
High myopia- MedGen UID:
- 78759
- •Concept ID:
- C0271183
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A severe form of myopia with greater than -6.00 diopters.
Shallow anterior chamber- MedGen UID:
- 602215
- •Concept ID:
- C0423276
- •
- Finding
Reduced depth of the anterior chamber, i.e., the anteroposterior distance between the cornea and the iris is decreased.
Iridodonesis- MedGen UID:
- 451052
- •Concept ID:
- C0423320
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Tremulousness of the iris on movement of the eye, occurring in subluxation of the lens.
Blindness- MedGen UID:
- 99138
- •Concept ID:
- C0456909
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception defined as a profound reduction in visual perception. On the 6m visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 3/60. On the 20ft visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 20/400. On the decimal visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 0.05. Blindness is typically characterized by a visual field of no greater than 10 degrees in radius around central fixation.
Microspherophakia- MedGen UID:
- 288328
- •Concept ID:
- C1562061
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Microspherophakia (MSP) is a rare disease characterized by smaller and more spherical lenses than normal bilaterally, an increased anteroposterior thickness of the lens, and highly myopic eyes. Lens dislocation or subluxation may occur, leading to defective accommodation (summary by Ben Yahia et al., 2009).
Microspherophakia may occur in association with ectopia lentis and glaucoma, Marfan syndrome (MFS; 154700), and Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS; 277600).
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of the cardiovascular system
- Abnormality of the digestive system
- Abnormality of the ear
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the integument
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Growth abnormality