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Soft tissue infection

MedGen UID:
101768
•Concept ID:
C0149778
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Infection, Soft Tissue; Infections, Soft Tissue; Soft Tissue Infection; Soft Tissue Infections
SNOMED CT: Soft tissue infection (95880003)

Definition

A bacterial infectious process affecting the soft tissues. A severe form caused by anaerobic or aerobic bacteria is associated with soft tissues necrosis and affects the subcutaneous adipose tissue, muscles, fascia, and the skin. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSoft tissue infection

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Cellulitis: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Kroshinsky D
Med Clin North Am 2021 Jul;105(4):723-735. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.009. PMID: 34059247
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640
Cellulitis: current insights into pathophysiology and clinical management.
Cranendonk DR, Lavrijsen APM, Prins JM, Wiersinga WJ
Neth J Med 2017 Nov;75(9):366-378. PMID: 29219814

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Current international and national guidelines for managing skin and soft tissue infections.
Bouza E, Burillo A
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2022 Apr 1;35(2):61-71. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000814. PMID: 35067522
Cellulitis: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Kroshinsky D
Med Clin North Am 2021 Jul;105(4):723-735. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.009. PMID: 34059247
Cellulitis.
Bystritsky RJ
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021 Mar;35(1):49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.002. PMID: 33494874
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections.
Stevens DL, Bryant AE, Goldstein EJ
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021 Mar;35(1):135-155. Epub 2020 Dec 7 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.004. PMID: 33303335
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640

Diagnosis

Cellulitis: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Kroshinsky D
Med Clin North Am 2021 Jul;105(4):723-735. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.009. PMID: 34059247
Cellulitis.
Bystritsky RJ
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021 Mar;35(1):49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.002. PMID: 33494874
Approach to the Patient with a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection.
Watkins RR, David MZ
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021 Mar;35(1):1-48. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.011. PMID: 33494872
Cellulitis: current insights into pathophysiology and clinical management.
Cranendonk DR, Lavrijsen APM, Prins JM, Wiersinga WJ
Neth J Med 2017 Nov;75(9):366-378. PMID: 29219814
Recommendations for the treatment of osteomyelitis.
Lima AL, Oliveira PR, Carvalho VC, Cimerman S, Savio E; Diretrizes Panamericanas para el Tratamiento de las Osteomielitis e Infecciones de Tejidos Blandos Group
Braz J Infect Dis 2014 Sep-Oct;18(5):526-34. Epub 2014 Apr 1 doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2013.12.005. PMID: 24698709Free PMC Article

Therapy

Current international and national guidelines for managing skin and soft tissue infections.
Bouza E, Burillo A
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2022 Apr 1;35(2):61-71. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000814. PMID: 35067522
Cellulitis: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Kroshinsky D
Med Clin North Am 2021 Jul;105(4):723-735. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.009. PMID: 34059247
Cellulitis.
Bystritsky RJ
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2021 Mar;35(1):49-60. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.002. PMID: 33494874
Cellulitis: current insights into pathophysiology and clinical management.
Cranendonk DR, Lavrijsen APM, Prins JM, Wiersinga WJ
Neth J Med 2017 Nov;75(9):366-378. PMID: 29219814
Recommendations for the treatment of osteomyelitis.
Lima AL, Oliveira PR, Carvalho VC, Cimerman S, Savio E; Diretrizes Panamericanas para el Tratamiento de las Osteomielitis e Infecciones de Tejidos Blandos Group
Braz J Infect Dis 2014 Sep-Oct;18(5):526-34. Epub 2014 Apr 1 doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2013.12.005. PMID: 24698709Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Evaluation of surgical techniques in survival rate and complications of zygomatic implants for the rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla: a systematic review.
Kämmerer PW, Fan S, Aparicio C, Bedrossian E, Davó R, Morton D, Raghoebar GM, Zarrine S, Al-Nawas B
Int J Implant Dent 2023 May 17;9(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40729-023-00478-y. PMID: 37198345Free PMC Article
Cellulitis: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Kroshinsky D
Med Clin North Am 2021 Jul;105(4):723-735. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.009. PMID: 34059247
MRSA nares swab is a more accurate predictor of MRSA wound infection compared with clinical risk factors in emergency department patients with skin and soft tissue infections.
Acquisto NM, Bodkin RP, Brown JE, Graman PS, Jones CMC, Li T, Hardy DJ, Dodds Ashley E
Emerg Med J 2018 Jun;35(6):357-360. Epub 2018 Mar 9 doi: 10.1136/emermed-2017-206843. PMID: 29523721
Presentation and Diagnosis of Fournier Gangrene.
Voelzke BB, Hagedorn JC
Urology 2018 Apr;114:8-13. Epub 2017 Nov 13 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.10.031. PMID: 29146218
Necrotizing fasciitis.
Bellapianta JM, Ljungquist K, Tobin E, Uhl R
J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2009 Mar;17(3):174-82. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200903000-00006. PMID: 19264710

Clinical prediction guides

The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the clinical outcomes of necrotizing soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Huang C, Zhong Y, Yue C, He B, Li Y, Li J
World J Emerg Surg 2023 Mar 25;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13017-023-00490-y. PMID: 36966323Free PMC Article
Cellulitis: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Kroshinsky D
Med Clin North Am 2021 Jul;105(4):723-735. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.009. PMID: 34059247
Necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections in the intensive care unit.
Peetermans M, de Prost N, Eckmann C, Norrby-Teglund A, Skrede S, De Waele JJ
Clin Microbiol Infect 2020 Jan;26(1):8-17. Epub 2019 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.06.031. PMID: 31284035
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640
Imaging of Spondylodiscitis.
Raghavan M, Lazzeri E, Palestro CJ
Semin Nucl Med 2018 Mar;48(2):131-147. Epub 2018 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.11.001. PMID: 29452617

Recent systematic reviews

Evaluation of surgical techniques in survival rate and complications of zygomatic implants for the rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla: a systematic review.
Kämmerer PW, Fan S, Aparicio C, Bedrossian E, Davó R, Morton D, Raghoebar GM, Zarrine S, Al-Nawas B
Int J Implant Dent 2023 May 17;9(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40729-023-00478-y. PMID: 37198345Free PMC Article
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the clinical outcomes of necrotizing soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Huang C, Zhong Y, Yue C, He B, Li Y, Li J
World J Emerg Surg 2023 Mar 25;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13017-023-00490-y. PMID: 36966323Free PMC Article
Interventions for bacterial folliculitis and boils (furuncles and carbuncles).
Lin HS, Lin PT, Tsai YS, Wang SH, Chi CC
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Feb 26;2(2):CD013099. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013099.pub2. PMID: 33634465Free PMC Article
Comparison of Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) With Ibuprofen for Treatment of Fever or Pain in Children Younger Than 2 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tan E, Braithwaite I, McKinlay CJD, Dalziel SR
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Oct 1;3(10):e2022398. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.22398. PMID: 33125495Free PMC Article
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection: Diagnostic Accuracy of Physical Examination, Imaging, and LRINEC Score: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Fernando SM, Tran A, Cheng W, Rochwerg B, Kyeremanteng K, Seely AJE, Inaba K, Perry JJ
Ann Surg 2019 Jan;269(1):58-65. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002774. PMID: 29672405

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