TABLE J-42Usual Intake Distributions of Selected Micronutrients for Breastfeeding WIC-Participating Women Ages 19 to 50 Years, NHANES 2005–2012

NutrientPercentiles and Mean (SE)EAR or AI* (NPNL/P/BF)% Inadeq (SE)UL% > UL (SE)
10th25thMedianMean75th90th
Calcium (mg/d)783 (138)879 (113)1,066 (104)1,106 (61)1,289 (162)1,527 (273)80015.8 (19.9)2,5000
Copper (mg/d)0.89 (0.14)1.0 (0.11)1.2 (0.09)1.2 (0.05)1.4 (0.14)1.6 (0.22)0.7/0.8/1.021.8 (19.9)100
Iron (mg/d)11.8 (1.6)13.3 (1.41)15.6 (1.3)16.1 (0.77)18.4 (2.0)21.4 (3.4)8.1/22.0/6.50450
Magnesium (mg/d)199 (32.4)231 (26)274 (23.4)284 (14.2)326 (37.9)381 (66)255/290/25538.7 (15.4)350NE
Phosphorus (mg/d)1,041 (158)1,200 (126)1,405 (113)1,443 (66)1,645 (172)1,894 (285)58003,5000
Selenium (μg/d)83 (9.7)93 (7.4)105 (6.3)105 (3.5)117 (8.7)130 (13.2)45/49/590.1 (0.9)4000
Zinc (mg/d)8.0 (1.5)9.4 (1.1)11.1 (0.91)11.2 (0.49)12.9 (1.2)14.5 (1.7)6.8/9.5/10.438.5 (15.9)400
Potassium (mg/d)2,045 (364)2,408 (277)2,846 (235)2,885 (130)3,319 (325)3,775 (492)4,700/4,700/5,100*NAND—
Sodium (mg/d)2,5085 (289)2,805 (237)3,191 (222)3,266 (124)3,644 (330)4,120 (534)1,500*NA2,30096.1 (11.5)
Vitamin A (μg RAE/d)459 (105)573 (93)726 (88)746 (44)900 (121)1,064 (166)500/550/90075.0 (19.7)NA—
Retinol (μg/d)297 (78.7)379 (66)488 (62)512 (35)619 (95)758 (156)NANA3,0000
Vitamin E mg (αTOC/d)4.9 (0.81)5.8 (0.73)7.0 (0.76)7.4 (0.45)8.7 (1.2)10.5 (2.2)12/12/201699.4 (3.4)1000NE
Vitamin C (mg/d)65 (22.8)89 (21.1)124 (22.2)135 (12.4)170 (35.5)221 (61)60/70/10032.8 (18.5)2,0000
Thiamin (mg/d)1.2 (0.23)1.4 (0.18)1.7 (0.16)1.7 (0.08)2.0 (0.22)2.3 (0.33)0.9/1.2/1.29.8 (17.7)ND—
Riboflavin (mg/d)1.6 (0.29)1.9 (0.23)2.3 (0.21)2.4 (0.12)2.8 (0.32)3.3 (0.53)0.9/1.2/1.21.4 (6.0)ND—
Niacin (mg/d)15.0 (2.8)17.7 (2.1)21.1 (1.9)21.4 (0.99)24.7 (2.5)28.2 (3.8)11/14/20134.1 (11.7)35NE
Vitamin B6 (mg/d)1.3 (0.27)1.6 (0.24)2.0 (0.23)2.1 (0.14)2.5 (0.38)3.1 (0.67)1.1/1.6/1.729.7 (18.3)1000
Folate (μg DFE/d)360 (72)441 (69)568 (80)635 (54)753 (149)990 (294)320/520/45026.8 (19.4)1,000NE
Vitamin B12 (mg/d)3.3 (0.85)4.2 (0.75)5.5 (0.75)5.8 (0.45)7.1 (1.21)8.9 (2.11)2.0/2.2/2.42.0 (7.6)ND—
Choline (mg/d)289 (32)320 (23)355 (18)355.6 (10.1)391 (24)423 (34)425/450/550NA3,5000

NOTES: N = 27. See additional notes following Table J-44.

From: Appendix J, Nutrient and Food Intake of WIC Subgroups: Analytical Methods and Results

Cover of Review of WIC Food Packages
Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review WIC Food Packages.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2017 May 1.
Copyright 2017 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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