TABLE J-41Usual Intake Distributions of Selected Micronutrients for Pregnant Eligible Non-WIC-Participating Women Ages 19 to 50 Years, NHANES 2005–2012

NutrientPercentiles and Mean (SE)EAR or AI* (NPNL/P/BF)% Inadeq (SE)UL% > UL (SE)
10th25thMedianMean75th90th
Calcium (mg/d)699 (71)828 (56)992 (50)1,016 (28)1,178 (73)1,366 (116)80021.1 (11.3)2,5000
Copper (mg/d)0.91 (0.09)1.1 (0.06)1.3 (0.06)1.3 (0.04)1.5 (0.11)1.9 (0.22)0.7/0.8/1.04.1 (6.0)100
Iron (mg/d)11.8 (1.0)13.7 (0.87)16.2 (0.84)16.9 (0.48)19.3 (1.3)22.8 (2.3)8.1/22.0/6.587.5 (11.5)450
Magnesium (mg/d)207 (17)241 (14)286 (13)296 (8.3)341 (21)399 (35)255/290/25552.1 (7.3)350NE
Phosphorus (mg/d)978 (85)1,139 (68)1,346 (61)1,383 (36)1,587 (93)1,837 (151)58003,5000
Selenium (μg/d)82 (8.0)96 (6.3)113 (5.6)115 (3.0)133 (8.1)152 (12.7)45/49/590.1 (0.5)4000
Zinc (mg/d)8.1 (0.68)9.4 (0.57)11.2 (0.53)11.5 (0.32)13.0 (0.78)15.5 (1.4)6.8/9.5/10.426.0 (10.4)400
Potassium (mg/d)1,877 (159)2,189 (127)2,591 (113)2,664 (71)3,058 (172)3,588 (284)4,700/4,700/5,100*NAND—
Sodium (mg/d)2,548 (257)3,016 (199)3,591 (172)3,655 (96)4,224 (243)4,845 (373)1,500*0.2 (0.7)2,30094.8 (7.3)
Vitamin A (μg RAE/d)433 (57)535 (47)673 (45)721 (29)852 (77)1,065 (148)500/550/90027.6 (11.0)NA—
Retinol (μg/d)269 (44)351 (37)463 (35)488 (20)597 (55)740 (91)NANA3,0000
Vitamin E mg (αTOC/d)4.7 (0.55)5.8 (0.46)7.2 (0.43)7.5 (0.26)8.9 (0.67)10.7 (1.1)12/12/201699.6 (1.3)1000NE
Vitamin C (mg/d)45 (10.1)65 (9.3)95 (9.7)105 (5.9)134 (16.1)178 (25.2)60/70/10029.2 (10.1)2,0000
Thiamin (mg/d)1.2 (0.11)1.4 (0.09)1.7 (0.08)1.7 (0.04)2.0 (0.13)2.3 (0.29)0.9/1.2/1.28.3 (0.1)ND—
Riboflavin (mg/d)1.4 (0.13)1.7 (0.11)1.9 (0.09)2.0 (0.05)2.4 (0.14)2.7 (0.23)0.9/1.2/1.22.4 (4.6)ND—
Niacin (mg/d)16 (1.7)20 (1.4)24 (1.3)24 (0.72)28 (1.9)33 (3.0)11/14/20133.0 (5.6)35NE
Vitamin B6 (mg/d)1.3 (0.11)1.6 (0.09)1.9 (0.09)1.9 (0.05)2.2 (0.14)2.6 (0.27)1.1/1.6/1.726.8 (10.4)1000
Folate (μg DFE/d)454 (32)531 (26)631 (25)651 (13)752 (37)878 (59)320/520/45029.5 (11.7)1,000NE
Vitamin B12 (mg/d)3.2 (0.41)3.9 (0.35)4.9 (0.33)2.7 (0.17)6.0 (0.51)7.3 (0.85)2.0/2.2/2.40.89 (2.82)ND—
Choline (mg/d)218 (20)257 (17)308 (15)318 (9.1)368 (23)431 (38)425/450/550NA3,5000

NOTES: N = 87. See additional notes following Table J-44.

From: Appendix J, Nutrient and Food Intake of WIC Subgroups: Analytical Methods and Results

Cover of Review of WIC Food Packages
Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review WIC Food Packages.
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2017 May 1.
Copyright 2017 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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