PMC

Effect of maternal HF diet on percentage of collagen fibers in liver in both male (a) and female (b) offspring at 180-day-old. Representative images are shown (c). Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 5 per group; *p < 0.05, by Student’s t test.

Effect of maternal HF diet on percentage of injured mitochondria in liver in both male (a) and female (b) offspring at 180-day-old. Representative images are shown (c). Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 3 per group; **p < 0.001, by Student’s t test.

Effect of maternal HF diet on hepatic lipid content (a,f), free cholesterol (b,g), cholesterol ester (c,h), NEFA (d,j), triglyceride (e,j) in both male and female offspring at 180-day-old. Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 9–12 per group; *p < 0.05, by Student’s t test.

Effect of ovariectomy and estradiol treatment on estradiol levels (a) and hepatic protein expression of CB1 (b), CB2 (c), FAAH (d) and MAGL (e) of adult rats. Representative western blot bands for each protein were showed (f). Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 6–9 per group; *p < 0.05, by Student’s t test.

Effect of maternal HF diet on Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in liver in both male (a) and female (c) offspring at 180-day-old. Representative western blot bands for each protein were showed (b,d). Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 7 per group, *p < 0.05, by Student’s t test.

Effect of maternal HF diet on hepatic protein expression of CB1 (a,f), CB2 (b,g), FAAH (c,h), MAGL (d,i) in both male and female offspring at 180-day-old. Representative western blot bands for each protein were showed (e,j). Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 6–7 per group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, by Student’s t test.

Effect of maternal HF diet on hepatic activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (a,d), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (b,e), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (c,f) in both male and female offspring at 180-day-old. Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M, n = 8 per group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.0001, by Student’s t test.

Effect of maternal HF diet on hepatic biomarkers of oxidative stress: thiol content (a,f), total protein bound carbonyl (b,g) and 4-HNE (c,h) in both male and female offspring at 180-day-old. Representative western blot bands for each protein were showed (d,i). Data is expressed as mean ± S.E.M., n = 7–8 per group; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.0001, by Student’s t test.