PMC

Examples of the morphology of members of the Parvifolia clade. (a) Flower of Eschweilera parviflora. (b) Lateral view of a flower of Eschweilera wachenheimii. (c) Flower of Eschweilera coriacea. (d) Flower of Eschweilera collina with androecial hood sectioned. (e) Fruit bases, opercula and seeds of Eschweilera parviflora. (f) Fruits, operculum and seeds of Eschweilera coriacea. (g) Leaves and old fruit of Eschweilera atropetiolata. (h) Abaxial view of a leaf of Eschweilera coriacea. (i) Bark of Eschweilera tessmannii. (j) Bark of Eschweilera truncata. (k) Bark of Eschweilera sagotiana. (l) Bark of Eschweilera atropetiolata. Photograph attribution: (a, b, e, f, g, i, j, l) to Scott Alan Mori; (c, d, k) to Carol Ann Gracie; (h) to Xavier Cornejo. Reproduced under terms of the CC BY‐NC‐SA 3.0 license. Captions are adapted from Mori et al. ( onward).

Chromatographic profile of hydroalcoholic extract of Eschweilera nana leaves (rutin: retention time of 12.870 min and hyperoside: retention time of 18.851 min) by High performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet/visible method (a), and the absorption spectra by photodiode array detector of rutin (b) and hyperoside (c)

Effect of extract of Eschweilera nana (EE), methanol fraction (MF) and dexamethasone (dexa) on edema of the ear induced by croton oil (CO). (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, compared with the control group [CO + V] [analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test])

(A) The cauligenous infructescences of Marcgravia longifolia are present all along the trunk from ground level to canopy level. (B) A Marcgravia longifolia individual (red arrow) growing on the trunk of an Eschweilera coriacea tree with strongly exfoliating bark.