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Hyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, alkalosis syndrome(HUPRAS)

MedGen UID:
462559
Concept ID:
C3151209
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: HUPRA SYNDROME; HUPRAS; Hyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, and alkalosis; HYPERURICEMIA, PULMONARY HYPERTENSION, RENAL FAILURE, AND ALKALOSIS SYNDROME
SNOMED CT: Hyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, alkalosis syndrome (776416004); HUPRA syndrome (776416004)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): SARS2 (19q13.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013458
OMIM®: 613845
Orphanet: ORPHA363694

Definition

HUPRA syndrome is a severe autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by onset in infancy of progressive renal failure leading to electrolyte imbalances, metabolic alkalosis, pulmonary hypertension, hypotonia, and delayed development. Affected individuals are born prematurely (summary by Belostotsky et al., 2011). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Polyuria
MedGen UID:
19404
Concept ID:
C0032617
Sign or Symptom
An increased rate of urine production.
Proteinuria
MedGen UID:
10976
Concept ID:
C0033687
Finding
Increased levels of protein in the urine.
Chronic kidney disease
MedGen UID:
473458
Concept ID:
C1561643
Disease or Syndrome
Functional anomaly of the kidney persisting for at least three months.
Renal salt wasting
MedGen UID:
375868
Concept ID:
C1846347
Finding
A high concentration of one or more electrolytes in the urine in the presence of low serum concentrations of the electrolyte(s).
Hyperechogenic kidneys
MedGen UID:
477530
Concept ID:
C3275899
Finding
An increase in amplitude of waves returned in ultrasonography of the kidney, which is generally displayed as increased brightness of the signal.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
MedGen UID:
425404
Concept ID:
C2973725
Disease or Syndrome
Pulmonary hypertension is defined mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25mmHg or more and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15mmHg or less when measured by right heart catheterisation at rest and in a supine position.
Failure to thrive
MedGen UID:
746019
Concept ID:
C2315100
Disease or Syndrome
Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.
Feeding difficulties
MedGen UID:
65429
Concept ID:
C0232466
Finding
Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Anemia
MedGen UID:
1526
Concept ID:
C0002871
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in erythrocytes volume or hemoglobin concentration.
Pancytopenia
MedGen UID:
18281
Concept ID:
C0030312
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal reduction in numbers of all blood cell types (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).
Thrombocytopenia
MedGen UID:
52737
Concept ID:
C0040034
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Type 2 muscle fiber atrophy
MedGen UID:
355249
Concept ID:
C1864580
Pathologic Function
Atrophy (wasting) affecting primary type 2 muscle fibers. This feature in general can only be observed on muscle biopsy.
Respiratory insufficiency
MedGen UID:
11197
Concept ID:
C0035229
Pathologic Function
Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.
Respiratory failure
MedGen UID:
257837
Concept ID:
C1145670
Disease or Syndrome
A severe form of respiratory insufficiency characterized by inadequate gas exchange such that the levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide cannot be maintained within normal limits.
Leukopenia
MedGen UID:
6073
Concept ID:
C0023530
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal decreased number of leukocytes in the blood.
Diabetes mellitus
MedGen UID:
8350
Concept ID:
C0011849
Disease or Syndrome
A group of abnormalities characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance.
Hyponatremia
MedGen UID:
6984
Concept ID:
C0020625
Finding
An abnormally decreased sodium concentration in the blood.
Increased blood urea nitrogen
MedGen UID:
760252
Concept ID:
C0151539
Finding
An increased amount of nitrogen in the form of urea in the blood.
Hypomagnesemia
MedGen UID:
57481
Concept ID:
C0151723
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormally decreased magnesium concentration in the blood.
Hyperuricemia
MedGen UID:
149260
Concept ID:
C0740394
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood.
Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
MedGen UID:
152850
Concept ID:
C0740895
Disease or Syndrome
Increased circulating lactate concentration
MedGen UID:
332209
Concept ID:
C1836440
Finding
Abnormally increased level of blood lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid). Lactate is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase during normal metabolism. The terms lactate and lactic acid are often used interchangeably but lactate (the component measured in blood) is strictly a weak base whereas lactic acid is the corresponding acid. Lactic acidosis is often used clinically to describe elevated lactate but should be reserved for cases where there is a corresponding acidosis (pH below 7.35).
Premature birth
MedGen UID:
57721
Concept ID:
C0151526
Pathologic Function
The birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks of gestational age.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, alkalosis syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Hyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, alkalosis syndrome in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Linnankivi T, Neupane N, Richter U, Isohanni P, Tyynismaa H
Hum Mutat 2016 Sep;37(9):884-8. Epub 2016 Jun 27 doi: 10.1002/humu.23021. PMID: 27279129

Diagnosis

Linnankivi T, Neupane N, Richter U, Isohanni P, Tyynismaa H
Hum Mutat 2016 Sep;37(9):884-8. Epub 2016 Jun 27 doi: 10.1002/humu.23021. PMID: 27279129
Rivera H, Martín-Hernández E, Delmiro A, García-Silva MT, Quijada-Fraile P, Muley R, Arenas J, Martín MA, Martínez-Azorín F
BMC Nephrol 2013 Sep 13;14:195. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-14-195. PMID: 24034276Free PMC Article
Belostotsky R, Ben-Shalom E, Rinat C, Becker-Cohen R, Feinstein S, Zeligson S, Segel R, Elpeleg O, Nassar S, Frishberg Y
Am J Hum Genet 2011 Feb 11;88(2):193-200. Epub 2011 Jan 20 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.12.010. PMID: 21255763Free PMC Article

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