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Trichotillomania(TTM)

MedGen UID:
21654
Concept ID:
C0040953
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonym: Hair-pulling
SNOMED CT: Trichotillomania (17155009); Hair plucking (17155009); Trichologia (17155009)
 
Gene (location): SLITRK1 (13q31.1)
 
HPO: HP:0012167
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013189
OMIM®: 613229

Definition

Trichotillomania (TTM) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, repetitive, or compulsive hair pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. The activity causes distress to the individual and often interferes with functioning. Affected individuals may develop physical complications and often have overlapping psychologic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (GTS; 137580) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; 164230) (review by Novak et al., 2009). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Trichotillomania
MedGen UID:
21654
Concept ID:
C0040953
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Trichotillomania (TTM) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, repetitive, or compulsive hair pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. The activity causes distress to the individual and often interferes with functioning. Affected individuals may develop physical complications and often have overlapping psychologic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (GTS; 137580) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; 164230) (review by Novak et al., 2009).
Compulsive behaviors
MedGen UID:
109373
Concept ID:
C0600104
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Behavior that consists of repetitive acts, characterized by the feeling that one "has to" perform them, while being aware that these acts are not in line with one's overall goal.
Alopecia
MedGen UID:
7982
Concept ID:
C0002170
Finding
A noncongenital process of hair loss, which may progress to partial or complete baldness.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTrichotillomania

Conditions with this feature

Trichotillomania
MedGen UID:
21654
Concept ID:
C0040953
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Trichotillomania (TTM) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, repetitive, or compulsive hair pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss. The activity causes distress to the individual and often interferes with functioning. Affected individuals may develop physical complications and often have overlapping psychologic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (GTS; 137580) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; 164230) (review by Novak et al., 2009).
Intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 38
MedGen UID:
895359
Concept ID:
C4225343
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Any autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EEF1A2 gene.
Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 71, with behavioral abnormalities
MedGen UID:
1841073
Concept ID:
C5830437
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder-71 with behavioral abnormalities (MRD71) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay with hypotonia, speech delay, and variably impaired cognitive development. Almost all affected individuals show marked behavioral manifestations, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, hypersensitivity, and aggression. Many have dysmorphic features, although there is not a common gestalt (Harris et al., 2021).
Cornelia de Lange syndrome 6
MedGen UID:
1848930
Concept ID:
C5882712
Disease or Syndrome
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CDLS) is a genetically heterogeneous developmental disorder characterized by malformations affecting multiple systems. Affected individuals have dysmorphic facial features, cleft palate, distal limb defects, growth retardation, and developmental delay. About 60% of patients have mutations in the NIPBL gene (608667) (summary by Musio et al., 2006 and Hoppman-Chaney et al., 2012). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, see CDLS1 (122470).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Grant JE, Chamberlain SR
Ann Clin Psychiatry 2020 May 1;32(2):144-145. PMID: 32343286
Phillips TG, Slomiany WP, Allison R
Am Fam Physician 2017 Sep 15;96(6):371-378. PMID: 28925637
Shoenfeld N, Rosenberg O, Kotler M, Dannon PN
Isr Med Assoc J 2012 Feb;14(2):125-9. PMID: 22693797

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Grant JE, Collins M, Chesivoir E, Chamberlain SR
Psychiatry Res 2023 Jul;325:115245. Epub 2023 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115245. PMID: 37163882Free PMC Article
Lee DK, Lipner SR
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 May 24;19(11) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370. PMID: 35681955Free PMC Article
Henkel ED, Jaquez SD, Diaz LZ
Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Nov;36(6):803-807. Epub 2019 Oct 6 doi: 10.1111/pde.13954. PMID: 31588617
Grant JE, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2016 Sep 1;173(9):868-74. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15111432. PMID: 27581696Free PMC Article
Kuzma JM, Black DW
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2004 Feb;6(1):58-65. doi: 10.1007/s11920-004-0040-x. PMID: 14738707

Diagnosis

Fernández-Domper L, Ballesteros-Redondo M, Vañó-Galván S
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2023 Apr;114(4):327-333. Epub 2022 Dec 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.12.003. PMID: 36574917
Henkel ED, Jaquez SD, Diaz LZ
Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Nov;36(6):803-807. Epub 2019 Oct 6 doi: 10.1111/pde.13954. PMID: 31588617
Torres F, Tosti A
G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2014 Feb;149(1):83-91. PMID: 24566568
Huynh M, Gavino AC, Magid M
Semin Cutan Med Surg 2013 Jun;32(2):88-94. doi: 10.12788/j.sder.0007. PMID: 24049966
Jackson EA
Prim Care 2000 Jun;27(2):319-32. doi: 10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70198-6. PMID: 10815046

Therapy

Lee DK, Lipner SR
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 May 24;19(11) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116370. PMID: 35681955Free PMC Article
Henkel ED, Jaquez SD, Diaz LZ
Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Nov;36(6):803-807. Epub 2019 Oct 6 doi: 10.1111/pde.13954. PMID: 31588617
Nwankwo CO, Jafferany M
Dermatol Ther 2019 Sep;32(5):e13073. Epub 2019 Sep 4 doi: 10.1111/dth.13073. PMID: 31444827
Huynh M, Gavino AC, Magid M
Semin Cutan Med Surg 2013 Jun;32(2):88-94. doi: 10.12788/j.sder.0007. PMID: 24049966
Kuzma JM, Black DW
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2004 Feb;6(1):58-65. doi: 10.1007/s11920-004-0040-x. PMID: 14738707

Prognosis

Nwankwo CO, Jafferany M
Dermatol Ther 2019 Sep;32(5):e13073. Epub 2019 Sep 4 doi: 10.1111/dth.13073. PMID: 31444827
Mubki T, Rudnicka L, Olszewska M, Shapiro J
J Am Acad Dermatol 2014 Sep;71(3):415.e1-415.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.04.070. PMID: 25128118
Sah DE, Koo J, Price VH
Dermatol Ther 2008 Jan-Feb;21(1):13-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2008.00165.x. PMID: 18318881
Folks DG, Warnock JK
Curr Psychiatry Rep 2001 Jun;3(3):219-25. doi: 10.1007/s11920-001-0057-3. PMID: 11353586
Graber J, Arndt WB
Compr Psychiatry 1993 Sep-Oct;34(5):340-6. doi: 10.1016/0010-440x(93)90021-u. PMID: 8306645

Clinical prediction guides

Grant JE, Chesivoir E, Valle S, Ehsan D, Chamberlain SR
Am J Psychiatry 2023 May 1;180(5):348-356. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737. PMID: 36856701
Chamberlain SR, Aslan B, Quinn A, Anilkumar A, Robinson J, Grant JE, Sinclair J
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023 Apr;147:105071. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105071. PMID: 36738812
Walsh KH, McDougle CJ
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2005 Jun;6(6):975-84. doi: 10.1517/14656566.6.6.975. PMID: 15952925
Mawn LA, Jordan DR
Ophthalmology 1997 Dec;104(12):2175-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30044-x. PMID: 9400781
Bergfeld WF
Adv Dermatol 1989;4:301-20; discussion 321. PMID: 2701796

Recent systematic reviews

Chamberlain SR, Aslan B, Quinn A, Anilkumar A, Robinson J, Grant JE, Sinclair J
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023 Apr;147:105071. Epub 2023 Feb 3 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105071. PMID: 36738812
Farhat LC, Olfson E, Levine JLS, Li F, Franklin ME, Lee HJ, Lewin AB, McGuire JF, Rahman O, Storch EA, Tolin DF, Zickgraf HF, Bloch MH
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2020 Jun;30(5):306-315. Epub 2019 Dec 2 doi: 10.1089/cap.2019.0103. PMID: 31794677Free PMC Article
Smith L, Tracy DK, Giaroli G
J Clin Psychopharmacol 2016 Feb;36(1):57-62. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000000431. PMID: 26629962
Deepmala, Slattery J, Kumar N, Delhey L, Berk M, Dean O, Spielholz C, Frye R
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015 Aug;55:294-321. Epub 2015 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.015. PMID: 25957927
Rothbart R, Stein DJ
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2014 Dec;15(18):2709-19. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2014.972936. PMID: 25399534

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