A wide spectrum of malformations involving the distal anus and rectum along with urinary and genital tracts, which can affect male or female. Defects range from mild anal anomalies to complex cloacal malformations. They can therefore be classified into the following groups: imperforated anus without fistula, ARM with rectourinary or rectogenital fistula and complex ARM (cloaca). Associated anomalies include genitourinary defects in approximately 50% of patients and spinal anomalies. The aetiology remains unclear and is likely multifactorial. Familial cases have been described. [from
SNOMEDCT_US]