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Thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2(NMTC2)

MedGen UID:
904175
Concept ID:
C4225426
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: NMTC2; THYROID CANCER, NONMEDULLARY, 2, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO; THYROID CARCINOMA, FOLLICULAR; Thyroid carcinoma, follicular, somatic
 
Genes (locations): HRAS (11p15.5); MINPP1 (10q23.2); NRAS (1p13.2); SRGAP1 (12q14.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008566
OMIM®: 188470

Definition

Nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) comprises thyroid cancers of follicular cell origin and accounts for more than 95% of all thyroid cancer cases. The remaining cancers originate from parafollicular cells (medullary thyroid cancer, MTC; 155240). NMTC is classified into 4 groups: papillary, follicular, Hurthle cell (607464), and anaplastic. Approximately 5% of NMTC is hereditary, occurring as a minor component of a familial cancer syndrome (e.g., familial adenomatous polyposis, 175100, Carney complex, 160980) or as a primary feature (familial NMTC or FNMTC). Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common histologic subtype of FNMTC, accounting for approximately 85% of cases (summary by Vriens et al., 2009). Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) accounts for approximately 15% of NMTC and is defined by invasive features that result in infiltration of blood vessels and/or full penetration of the tumor capsule, in the absence of the nuclear alterations that characterize papillary carcinoma. FTC is rarely multifocal and usually does not metastasize to the regional lymph nodes but tends to spread via the bloodstream to the lung and bones. An important histologic variant of FTC is the oncocytic (Hurthle cell, oxyphilic) follicular carcinoma composed of eosinophilic cells replete with mitochondria (summary by Bonora et al., 2010). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of NMTC, see NMTC1 (188550). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Follicular thyroid carcinoma
MedGen UID:
64630
Concept ID:
C0206682
Neoplastic Process
The presence of an follicular adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
MedGen UID:
66773
Concept ID:
C0238463
Neoplastic Process
The presence of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland.
Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma
MedGen UID:
502247
Concept ID:
C3501843
Neoplastic Process
A rare non-syndromic form of thyroid cancer characterized by occurrence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) as the primary feature in a familial setting.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Haddad RI, Bischoff L, Ball D, Bernet V, Blomain E, Busaidy NL, Campbell M, Dickson P, Duh QY, Ehya H, Goldner WS, Guo T, Haymart M, Holt S, Hunt JP, Iagaru A, Kandeel F, Lamonica DM, Mandel S, Markovina S, McIver B, Raeburn CD, Rezaee R, Ridge JA, Roth MY, Scheri RP, Shah JP, Sipos JA, Sippel R, Sturgeon C, Wang TN, Wirth LJ, Wong RJ, Yeh M, Cassara CJ, Darlow S
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022 Aug;20(8):925-951. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0040. PMID: 35948029
Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Wartofsky L
Pol Arch Intern Med 2022 Mar 30;132(3) Epub 2022 Mar 3 doi: 10.20452/pamw.16222. PMID: 35243857Free PMC Article
Francis GL, Waguespack SG, Bauer AJ, Angelos P, Benvenga S, Cerutti JM, Dinauer CA, Hamilton J, Hay ID, Luster M, Parisi MT, Rachmiel M, Thompson GB, Yamashita S; American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force
Thyroid 2015 Jul;25(7):716-59. doi: 10.1089/thy.2014.0460. PMID: 25900731Free PMC Article

Curated

UK NICE Guideline NG230, Thyroid cancer: assessment and management

Technology Assessment on Genetic Testing or Molecular Pathology Testing of Cancers with Unknown Primary Site to Determine Origin (ARCHIVED)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Li Y, Wu F, Ge W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Zhao L, Gou W, Shi J, Ni Y, Li L, Fu W, Lin X, Yu Y, Han Z, Chen C, Xu R, Zhang S, Zhou L, Pan G, Peng Y, Mao L, Zhou T, Zheng J, Zheng H, Sun Y, Guo T, Luo D
Int J Surg 2024 Jan 1;110(1):372-384. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000814. PMID: 37916932Free PMC Article
Ali Hailan YM, Al-Dubai HN, Yassin MA
Oncology 2023;101(6):362-368. Epub 2023 May 9 doi: 10.1159/000530463. PMID: 37231874
Lee JS, Lee JS, Yun HJ, Kim SM, Chang H, Lee YS, Chang HS, Park CS
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023 May 17;108(6):1370-1375. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac739. PMID: 36546348Free PMC Article
Mao J, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Zheng K, Wang R, Wang G
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020;11:265. Epub 2020 May 15 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00265. PMID: 32477264Free PMC Article
Zhou YM, Luo H, Gou JX, Zhao WJ, Dai WY, Zhu J, Li ZH
Eur J Surg Oncol 2017 Dec;43(12):2248-2256. Epub 2017 Sep 12 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.09.005. PMID: 28942234

Diagnosis

Yan K, Liu QZ, Huang RR, Jiang YH, Bian ZH, Li SJ, Li L, Shen F, Tsuneyama K, Zhang QL, Lian ZX, Guan H, Xu B
Clin Transl Med 2024 Mar;14(3):e1594. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.1594. PMID: 38426403Free PMC Article
Gong Z, Xue L, Li H, Fan S, van Hasselt CA, Li D, Zeng X, Tong MCF, Chen GG
Biomed Pharmacother 2024 Apr;173:116324. Epub 2024 Feb 28 doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116324. PMID: 38422655
Li Y, Wu F, Ge W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Zhao L, Gou W, Shi J, Ni Y, Li L, Fu W, Lin X, Yu Y, Han Z, Chen C, Xu R, Zhang S, Zhou L, Pan G, Peng Y, Mao L, Zhou T, Zheng J, Zheng H, Sun Y, Guo T, Luo D
Int J Surg 2024 Jan 1;110(1):372-384. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000814. PMID: 37916932Free PMC Article
Abdullah MI, Junit SM, Ng KL, Jayapalan JJ, Karikalan B, Hashim OH
Int J Med Sci 2019;16(3):450-460. Epub 2019 Feb 28 doi: 10.7150/ijms.29935. PMID: 30911279Free PMC Article
Ibrahimpasic T, Ghossein R, Shah JP, Ganly I
Thyroid 2019 Mar;29(3):311-321. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0509. PMID: 30747050Free PMC Article

Therapy

Gao X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Huang Y
Int J Hyperthermia 2023 Dec;40(1):2244713. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2244713. PMID: 37604507
Xu S, Huang H, Huang Y, Qian J, Wang X, Xu Z, Liu S, Liu J
JAMA Surg 2023 Jan 1;158(1):73-79. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.5781. PMID: 36449303Free PMC Article
Gordon AJ, Dublin JC, Patel E, Papazian M, Chow MS, Persky MJ, Jacobson AS, Patel KN, Suh I, Morris LGT, Givi B
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 Dec 1;148(12):1156-1163. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2022.3360. PMID: 36326739Free PMC Article
Waguespack SG, Drilon A, Lin JJ, Brose MS, McDermott R, Almubarak M, Bauman J, Casanova M, Krishnamurthy A, Kummar S, Leyvraz S, Oh DY, Park K, Sohal D, Sherman E, Norenberg R, Silvertown JD, Brega N, Hong DS, Cabanillas ME
Eur J Endocrinol 2022 Apr 29;186(6):631-643. doi: 10.1530/EJE-21-1259. PMID: 35333737Free PMC Article
Lee YA, Lee H, Im SW, Song YS, Oh DY, Kang HJ, Won JK, Jung KC, Kwon D, Chung EJ, Hah JH, Paeng JC, Kim JH, Choi J, Kim OH, Oh JM, Ahn BC, Wirth LJ, Shin CH, Kim JI, Park YJ
J Clin Invest 2021 Sep 15;131(18) doi: 10.1172/JCI144847. PMID: 34237031Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Li Y, Wu F, Ge W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Zhao L, Gou W, Shi J, Ni Y, Li L, Fu W, Lin X, Yu Y, Han Z, Chen C, Xu R, Zhang S, Zhou L, Pan G, Peng Y, Mao L, Zhou T, Zheng J, Zheng H, Sun Y, Guo T, Luo D
Int J Surg 2024 Jan 1;110(1):372-384. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000814. PMID: 37916932Free PMC Article
Megwalu UC, Moon PK
Thyroid 2022 May;32(5):560-570. Epub 2022 Mar 15 doi: 10.1089/thy.2021.0662. PMID: 35132899
Mao J, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Zheng K, Wang R, Wang G
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020;11:265. Epub 2020 May 15 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00265. PMID: 32477264Free PMC Article
Abdullah MI, Junit SM, Ng KL, Jayapalan JJ, Karikalan B, Hashim OH
Int J Med Sci 2019;16(3):450-460. Epub 2019 Feb 28 doi: 10.7150/ijms.29935. PMID: 30911279Free PMC Article
Ibrahimpasic T, Ghossein R, Shah JP, Ganly I
Thyroid 2019 Mar;29(3):311-321. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0509. PMID: 30747050Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Yan K, Liu QZ, Huang RR, Jiang YH, Bian ZH, Li SJ, Li L, Shen F, Tsuneyama K, Zhang QL, Lian ZX, Guan H, Xu B
Clin Transl Med 2024 Mar;14(3):e1594. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.1594. PMID: 38426403Free PMC Article
Li Y, Wu F, Ge W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Zhao L, Gou W, Shi J, Ni Y, Li L, Fu W, Lin X, Yu Y, Han Z, Chen C, Xu R, Zhang S, Zhou L, Pan G, Peng Y, Mao L, Zhou T, Zheng J, Zheng H, Sun Y, Guo T, Luo D
Int J Surg 2024 Jan 1;110(1):372-384. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000814. PMID: 37916932Free PMC Article
Lee JS, Lee JS, Yun HJ, Kim SM, Chang H, Lee YS, Chang HS, Park CS
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023 May 17;108(6):1370-1375. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac739. PMID: 36546348Free PMC Article
Mao J, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Zheng K, Wang R, Wang G
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020;11:265. Epub 2020 May 15 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00265. PMID: 32477264Free PMC Article
Ibrahimpasic T, Ghossein R, Shah JP, Ganly I
Thyroid 2019 Mar;29(3):311-321. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0509. PMID: 30747050Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Silverii GA, Monami M, Gallo M, Ragni A, Prattichizzo F, Renzelli V, Ceriello A, Mannucci E
Diabetes Obes Metab 2024 Mar;26(3):891-900. Epub 2023 Nov 29 doi: 10.1111/dom.15382. PMID: 38018310
Gao X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Huang Y
Int J Hyperthermia 2023 Dec;40(1):2244713. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2244713. PMID: 37604507
Wei X, Wang X, Xiong J, Li C, Liao Y, Zhu Y, Mao J
Biomed Res Int 2022;2022:9959649. Epub 2022 May 18 doi: 10.1155/2022/9959649. PMID: 35647194Free PMC Article
van Dijk SPJ, Coerts HI, Gunput STG, van Velsen EFS, Medici M, Moelker A, Peeters RP, Verhoef C, van Ginhoven TM
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 Apr 1;148(4):317-325. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2021.4381. PMID: 35142816Free PMC Article
Mao J, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Zheng K, Wang R, Wang G
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020;11:265. Epub 2020 May 15 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00265. PMID: 32477264Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

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    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
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    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Curated

    • NICE, 2022
      UK NICE Guideline NG230, Thyroid cancer: assessment and management
    • AHRQ, 2013
      Technology Assessment on Genetic Testing or Molecular Pathology Testing of Cancers with Unknown Primary Site to Determine Origin (ARCHIVED)

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