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Increased spinal bone density

MedGen UID:
866532
•Concept ID:
C4020828
•
Finding
Synonyms: Compact spinal bone; Concrete spinal bone; Dense spinal bone; Eburnation of spinal bone; Increased density of spinal bone; Increased spinal bone density Z-score; Ivory spinal bone; Sclerosis of spinal bone
 
HPO: HP:0004563

Definition

Increased bone density affecting the bones of the spine (vertebral column). [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVIncreased spinal bone density

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Fracture risk reduction and safety by osteoporosis treatment compared with placebo or active comparator in postmenopausal women: systematic review, network meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis of randomised clinical trials.
Händel MN, Cardoso I, von Bülow C, Rohde JF, Ussing A, Nielsen SM, Christensen R, Body JJ, Brandi ML, Diez-Perez A, Hadji P, Javaid MK, Lems WF, Nogues X, Roux C, Minisola S, Kurth A, Thomas T, Prieto-Alhambra D, Ferrari SL, Langdahl B, Abrahamsen B
BMJ 2023 May 2;381:e068033. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068033. PMID: 37130601Free PMC Article
Effectiveness and Safety of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in People With Low Bone Mass or Primary Osteoporosis: A Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians.
Ayers C, Kansagara D, Lazur B, Fu R, Kwon A, Harrod C
Ann Intern Med 2023 Feb;176(2):182-195. Epub 2023 Jan 3 doi: 10.7326/M22-0684. PMID: 36592455
Diagnosis and Management of Vertebral Compression Fractures.
McCarthy J, Davis A
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jul 1;94(1):44-50. PMID: 27386723

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Bone fragility and osteoporosis in children and young adults.
Formosa MM, Christou MA, Mäkitie O
J Endocrinol Invest 2024 Feb;47(2):285-298. Epub 2023 Sep 5 doi: 10.1007/s40618-023-02179-0. PMID: 37668887Free PMC Article
Acromegaly and Bone: An Update.
Giustina A
Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023 Dec;38(6):655-666. Epub 2023 Dec 22 doi: 10.3803/EnM.2023.601. PMID: 38164073Free PMC Article
Teriparatide versus bisphosphonates for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A meta-analysis.
Yuan F, Peng W, Yang C, Zheng J
Int J Surg 2019 Jun;66:1-11. Epub 2019 Mar 16 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.03.004. PMID: 30890377
Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis.
Cosman F, Crittenden DB, Adachi JD, Binkley N, Czerwinski E, Ferrari S, Hofbauer LC, Lau E, Lewiecki EM, Miyauchi A, Zerbini CA, Milmont CE, Chen L, Maddox J, Meisner PD, Libanati C, Grauer A
N Engl J Med 2016 Oct 20;375(16):1532-1543. Epub 2016 Sep 18 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1607948. PMID: 27641143
Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Neer RM, Arnaud CD, Zanchetta JR, Prince R, Gaich GA, Reginster JY, Hodsman AB, Eriksen EF, Ish-Shalom S, Genant HK, Wang O, Mitlak BH
N Engl J Med 2001 May 10;344(19):1434-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105103441904. PMID: 11346808

Diagnosis

Bone fragility and osteoporosis in children and young adults.
Formosa MM, Christou MA, Mäkitie O
J Endocrinol Invest 2024 Feb;47(2):285-298. Epub 2023 Sep 5 doi: 10.1007/s40618-023-02179-0. PMID: 37668887Free PMC Article
Association of selenium intake with bone mineral density and osteoporosis: the national health and nutrition examination survey.
Peng S, Zhang G, Wang D
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023;14:1251838. Epub 2023 Sep 29 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1251838. PMID: 37842299Free PMC Article
Breast cancer exosomes contribute to pre-metastatic niche formation and promote bone metastasis of tumor cells.
Yuan X, Qian N, Ling S, Li Y, Sun W, Li J, Du R, Zhong G, Liu C, Yu G, Cao D, Liu Z, Wang Y, Qi Z, Yao Y, Wang F, Liu J, Hao S, Jin X, Zhao Y, Xue J, Zhao D, Gao X, Liang S, Li Y, Song J, Yu S, Li Y
Theranostics 2021;11(3):1429-1445. Epub 2021 Jan 1 doi: 10.7150/thno.45351. PMID: 33391543Free PMC Article
Upper Extremity Fragility Fractures.
Shoji MM, Ingall EM, Rozental TD
J Hand Surg Am 2021 Feb;46(2):126-132. Epub 2020 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2020.07.010. PMID: 32863106
Diagnosis and Management of Vertebral Compression Fractures.
McCarthy J, Davis A
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jul 1;94(1):44-50. PMID: 27386723

Therapy

Romosozumab or Alendronate for Fracture Prevention in Women with Osteoporosis.
Saag KG, Petersen J, Brandi ML, Karaplis AC, Lorentzon M, Thomas T, Maddox J, Fan M, Meisner PD, Grauer A
N Engl J Med 2017 Oct 12;377(15):1417-1427. Epub 2017 Sep 11 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708322. PMID: 28892457
Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis.
Cosman F, Crittenden DB, Adachi JD, Binkley N, Czerwinski E, Ferrari S, Hofbauer LC, Lau E, Lewiecki EM, Miyauchi A, Zerbini CA, Milmont CE, Chen L, Maddox J, Meisner PD, Libanati C, Grauer A
N Engl J Med 2016 Oct 20;375(16):1532-1543. Epub 2016 Sep 18 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1607948. PMID: 27641143
Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Cummings SR, San Martin J, McClung MR, Siris ES, Eastell R, Reid IR, Delmas P, Zoog HB, Austin M, Wang A, Kutilek S, Adami S, Zanchetta J, Libanati C, Siddhanti S, Christiansen C; FREEDOM Trial
N Engl J Med 2009 Aug 20;361(8):756-65. Epub 2009 Aug 11 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0809493. PMID: 19671655
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures.
Jackson RD, LaCroix AZ, Gass M, Wallace RB, Robbins J, Lewis CE, Bassford T, Beresford SA, Black HR, Blanchette P, Bonds DE, Brunner RL, Brzyski RG, Caan B, Cauley JA, Chlebowski RT, Cummings SR, Granek I, Hays J, Heiss G, Hendrix SL, Howard BV, Hsia J, Hubbell FA, Johnson KC, Judd H, Kotchen JM, Kuller LH, Langer RD, Lasser NL, Limacher MC, Ludlam S, Manson JE, Margolis KL, McGowan J, Ockene JK, O'Sullivan MJ, Phillips L, Prentice RL, Sarto GE, Stefanick ML, Van Horn L, Wactawski-Wende J, Whitlock E, Anderson GL, Assaf AR, Barad D; Women's Health Initiative Investigators
N Engl J Med 2006 Feb 16;354(7):669-83. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa055218. PMID: 16481635
Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Neer RM, Arnaud CD, Zanchetta JR, Prince R, Gaich GA, Reginster JY, Hodsman AB, Eriksen EF, Ish-Shalom S, Genant HK, Wang O, Mitlak BH
N Engl J Med 2001 May 10;344(19):1434-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105103441904. PMID: 11346808

Prognosis

Romosozumab or Alendronate for Fracture Prevention in Women with Osteoporosis.
Saag KG, Petersen J, Brandi ML, Karaplis AC, Lorentzon M, Thomas T, Maddox J, Fan M, Meisner PD, Grauer A
N Engl J Med 2017 Oct 12;377(15):1417-1427. Epub 2017 Sep 11 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708322. PMID: 28892457
Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA).
Hernlund E, Svedbom A, Ivergård M, Compston J, Cooper C, Stenmark J, McCloskey EV, Jönsson B, Kanis JA
Arch Osteoporos 2013;8(1):136. Epub 2013 Oct 11 doi: 10.1007/s11657-013-0136-1. PMID: 24113837Free PMC Article
Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Cummings SR, San Martin J, McClung MR, Siris ES, Eastell R, Reid IR, Delmas P, Zoog HB, Austin M, Wang A, Kutilek S, Adami S, Zanchetta J, Libanati C, Siddhanti S, Christiansen C; FREEDOM Trial
N Engl J Med 2009 Aug 20;361(8):756-65. Epub 2009 Aug 11 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0809493. PMID: 19671655
Effects of continuing or stopping alendronate after 5 years of treatment: the Fracture Intervention Trial Long-term Extension (FLEX): a randomized trial.
Black DM, Schwartz AV, Ensrud KE, Cauley JA, Levis S, Quandt SA, Satterfield S, Wallace RB, Bauer DC, Palermo L, Wehren LE, Lombardi A, Santora AC, Cummings SR; FLEX Research Group
JAMA 2006 Dec 27;296(24):2927-38. doi: 10.1001/jama.296.24.2927. PMID: 17190893
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures.
Jackson RD, LaCroix AZ, Gass M, Wallace RB, Robbins J, Lewis CE, Bassford T, Beresford SA, Black HR, Blanchette P, Bonds DE, Brunner RL, Brzyski RG, Caan B, Cauley JA, Chlebowski RT, Cummings SR, Granek I, Hays J, Heiss G, Hendrix SL, Howard BV, Hsia J, Hubbell FA, Johnson KC, Judd H, Kotchen JM, Kuller LH, Langer RD, Lasser NL, Limacher MC, Ludlam S, Manson JE, Margolis KL, McGowan J, Ockene JK, O'Sullivan MJ, Phillips L, Prentice RL, Sarto GE, Stefanick ML, Van Horn L, Wactawski-Wende J, Whitlock E, Anderson GL, Assaf AR, Barad D; Women's Health Initiative Investigators
N Engl J Med 2006 Feb 16;354(7):669-83. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa055218. PMID: 16481635

Clinical prediction guides

Estrogen deficiency induces bone loss through the gut microbiota.
Guan Z, Xuanqi Z, Zhu J, Yuan W, Jia J, Zhang C, Sun T, Leng H, Jiang C, Xu Y, Song C
Pharmacol Res 2023 Oct;196:106930. Epub 2023 Sep 16 doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106930. PMID: 37722518
The Effects of Exercise and Activity-Based Physical Therapy on Bone after Spinal Cord Injury.
Sutor TW, Kura J, Mattingly AJ, Otzel DM, Yarrow JF
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jan 6;23(2) doi: 10.3390/ijms23020608. PMID: 35054791Free PMC Article
Romosozumab or Alendronate for Fracture Prevention in Women with Osteoporosis.
Saag KG, Petersen J, Brandi ML, Karaplis AC, Lorentzon M, Thomas T, Maddox J, Fan M, Meisner PD, Grauer A
N Engl J Med 2017 Oct 12;377(15):1417-1427. Epub 2017 Sep 11 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708322. PMID: 28892457
Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis.
Cosman F, Crittenden DB, Adachi JD, Binkley N, Czerwinski E, Ferrari S, Hofbauer LC, Lau E, Lewiecki EM, Miyauchi A, Zerbini CA, Milmont CE, Chen L, Maddox J, Meisner PD, Libanati C, Grauer A
N Engl J Med 2016 Oct 20;375(16):1532-1543. Epub 2016 Sep 18 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1607948. PMID: 27641143
Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Neer RM, Arnaud CD, Zanchetta JR, Prince R, Gaich GA, Reginster JY, Hodsman AB, Eriksen EF, Ish-Shalom S, Genant HK, Wang O, Mitlak BH
N Engl J Med 2001 May 10;344(19):1434-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105103441904. PMID: 11346808

Recent systematic reviews

Fracture risk reduction and safety by osteoporosis treatment compared with placebo or active comparator in postmenopausal women: systematic review, network meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis of randomised clinical trials.
Händel MN, Cardoso I, von Bülow C, Rohde JF, Ussing A, Nielsen SM, Christensen R, Body JJ, Brandi ML, Diez-Perez A, Hadji P, Javaid MK, Lems WF, Nogues X, Roux C, Minisola S, Kurth A, Thomas T, Prieto-Alhambra D, Ferrari SL, Langdahl B, Abrahamsen B
BMJ 2023 May 2;381:e068033. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068033. PMID: 37130601Free PMC Article
The Clinical Effectiveness of Denosumab (Prolia®) for the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women, Compared to Bisphosphonates, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM), and Placebo: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Moshi MR, Nicolopoulos K, Stringer D, Ma N, Jenal M, Vreugdenburg T
Calcif Tissue Int 2023 Jun;112(6):631-646. Epub 2023 Apr 5 doi: 10.1007/s00223-023-01078-z. PMID: 37016189
Effectiveness and Safety of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in People With Low Bone Mass or Primary Osteoporosis: A Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians.
Ayers C, Kansagara D, Lazur B, Fu R, Kwon A, Harrod C
Ann Intern Med 2023 Feb;176(2):182-195. Epub 2023 Jan 3 doi: 10.7326/M22-0684. PMID: 36592455
Risk factors of vertebral re-fracture after PVP or PKP for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, especially in Eastern Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Dai C, Liang G, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Zhou X
J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Mar 12;17(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03038-z. PMID: 35279177Free PMC Article
Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Discontinuations and Holidays for Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review.
Fink HA, MacDonald R, Forte ML, Rosebush CE, Ensrud KE, Schousboe JT, Nelson VA, Ullman K, Butler M, Olson CM, Taylor BC, Brasure M, Wilt TJ
Ann Intern Med 2019 Jul 2;171(1):37-50. Epub 2019 Apr 23 doi: 10.7326/M19-0533. PMID: 31009947

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