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Obesity, late-onset

MedGen UID:
865219
•Concept ID:
C4016782
•
Finding
Synonym: OBESITY, LATE-ONSET
 
OMIM®: 602311

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Melanocortin 4 receptor mutations in a large cohort of severely obese adults: prevalence, functional classification, genotype-phenotype relationship, and lack of association with binge eating.
Lubrano-Berthelier C, Dubern B, Lacorte JM, Picard F, Shapiro A, Zhang S, Bertrais S, Hercberg S, Basdevant A, Clement K, Vaisse C
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006 May;91(5):1811-8. Epub 2006 Feb 28 doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-1411. PMID: 16507637

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.
REACCT Collaborative, Zaborowski AM, Abdile A, Adamina M, Aigner F, d'Allens L, Allmer C, Álvarez A, Anula R, Andric M, Atallah S, Bach S, Bala M, Barussaud M, Bausys A, Bebington B, Beggs A, Bellolio F, Bennett MR, Berdinskikh A, Bevan V, Biondo S, Bislenghi G, Bludau M, Boutall A, Brouwer N, Brown C, Bruns C, Buchanan DD, Buchwald P, Burger JWA, Burlov N, Campanelli M, Capdepont M, Carvello M, Chew HH, Christoforidis D, Clark D, Climent M, Cologne KG, Contreras T, Croner R, Daniels IR, Dapri G, Davies J, Delrio P, Denost Q, Deutsch M, Dias A, D'Hoore A, Drozdov E, Duek D, Dunlop M, Dziki A, Edmundson A, Efetov S, El-Hussuna A, Elliot B, Emile S, Espin E, Evans M, Faes S, Faiz O, Fleming F, Foppa C, Fowler G, Frasson M, Figueiredo N, Forgan T, Frizelle F, Gadaev S, Gellona J, Glyn T, Gong J, Goran B, Greenwood E, Guren MG, Guillon S, Gutlic I, Hahnloser D, Hampel H, Hanly A, Hasegawa H, Iversen LH, Hill A, Hill J, Hoch J, Hoffmeister M, Hompes R, Hurtado L, Iaquinandi F, Imbrasaite U, Islam R, Jafari MD, Kanemitsu Y, Karachun A, Karimuddin AA, Keller DS, Kelly J, Kennelly R, Khrykov G, Kocian P, Koh C, Kok N, Knight KA, Knol J, Kontovounisios C, Korner H, Krivokapic Z, Kronberger I, Kroon HM, Kryzauskas M, Kural S, Kusters M, Lakkis Z, Lankov T, Larson D, Lázár G, Lee KY, Lee SH, Lefèvre JH, Lepisto A, Lieu C, Loi L, Lynch C, Maillou-Martinaud H, Maroli A, Martin S, Martling A, Matzel KE, Mayol J, McDermott F, Meurette G, Millan M, Mitteregger M, Moiseenko A, Monson JRT, Morarasu S, Moritani K, Möslein G, Munini M, Nahas C, Nahas S, Negoi I, Novikova A, Ocares M, Okabayashi K, Olkina A, Oñate-Ocaña L, Otero J, Ozen C, Pace U, São Julião GP, Panaiotti L, Panis Y, Papamichael D, Park J, Patel S, Patrón Uriburu JC, Pera M, Perez RO, Petrov A, Pfeffer F, Phang PT, Poskus T, Pringle H, Proud D, Raguz I, Rama N, Rasheed S, Raval MJ, Rega D, Reissfelder C, Reyes Meneses JC, Ris F, Riss S, Rodriguez-Zentner H, Roxburgh CS, Saklani A, Salido AJ, Sammour T, Saraste D, Schneider M, Seishima R, Sekulic A, Seppala T, Sheahan K, Shine R, Shlomina A, Sica GS, Singnomklao T, Siragusa L, Smart N, Solis A, Spinelli A, Staiger RD, Stamos MJ, Steele S, Sunderland M, Tan KK, Tanis PJ, Tekkis P, Teklay B, Tengku S, Jiménez-Toscano M, Tsarkov P, Turina M, Ulrich A, Vailati BB, van Harten M, Verhoef C, Warrier S, Wexner S, de Wilt H, Weinberg BA, Wells C, Wolthuis A, Xynos E, You N, Zakharenko A, Zeballos J, Winter DC
JAMA Surg 2021 Sep 1;156(9):865-874. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2380. PMID: 34190968
Changes of intestinal microbiota in early life.
Ficara M, Pietrella E, Spada C, Della Casa Muttini E, Lucaccioni L, Iughetti L, Berardi A
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Mar;33(6):1036-1043. Epub 2018 Sep 10 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1506760. PMID: 30058404
The two-stage placental model of preeclampsia: An update.
Staff AC
J Reprod Immunol 2019 Sep;134-135:1-10. Epub 2019 Jul 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.07.004. PMID: 31301487
The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention.
Poon LC, Shennan A, Hyett JA, Kapur A, Hadar E, Divakar H, McAuliffe F, da Silva Costa F, von Dadelszen P, McIntyre HD, Kihara AB, Di Renzo GC, Romero R, D'Alton M, Berghella V, Nicolaides KH, Hod M
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019 May;145 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):1-33. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12802. PMID: 31111484Free PMC Article
Blount disease.
Janoyer M
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019 Feb;105(1S):S111-S121. Epub 2018 Feb 23 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.009. PMID: 29481866

Diagnosis

Monogenic diabetes.
Bonnefond A, Unnikrishnan R, Doria A, Vaxillaire M, Kulkarni RN, Mohan V, Trischitta V, Froguel P
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023 Mar 9;9(1):12. doi: 10.1038/s41572-023-00421-w. PMID: 36894549
Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.
REACCT Collaborative, Zaborowski AM, Abdile A, Adamina M, Aigner F, d'Allens L, Allmer C, Álvarez A, Anula R, Andric M, Atallah S, Bach S, Bala M, Barussaud M, Bausys A, Bebington B, Beggs A, Bellolio F, Bennett MR, Berdinskikh A, Bevan V, Biondo S, Bislenghi G, Bludau M, Boutall A, Brouwer N, Brown C, Bruns C, Buchanan DD, Buchwald P, Burger JWA, Burlov N, Campanelli M, Capdepont M, Carvello M, Chew HH, Christoforidis D, Clark D, Climent M, Cologne KG, Contreras T, Croner R, Daniels IR, Dapri G, Davies J, Delrio P, Denost Q, Deutsch M, Dias A, D'Hoore A, Drozdov E, Duek D, Dunlop M, Dziki A, Edmundson A, Efetov S, El-Hussuna A, Elliot B, Emile S, Espin E, Evans M, Faes S, Faiz O, Fleming F, Foppa C, Fowler G, Frasson M, Figueiredo N, Forgan T, Frizelle F, Gadaev S, Gellona J, Glyn T, Gong J, Goran B, Greenwood E, Guren MG, Guillon S, Gutlic I, Hahnloser D, Hampel H, Hanly A, Hasegawa H, Iversen LH, Hill A, Hill J, Hoch J, Hoffmeister M, Hompes R, Hurtado L, Iaquinandi F, Imbrasaite U, Islam R, Jafari MD, Kanemitsu Y, Karachun A, Karimuddin AA, Keller DS, Kelly J, Kennelly R, Khrykov G, Kocian P, Koh C, Kok N, Knight KA, Knol J, Kontovounisios C, Korner H, Krivokapic Z, Kronberger I, Kroon HM, Kryzauskas M, Kural S, Kusters M, Lakkis Z, Lankov T, Larson D, Lázár G, Lee KY, Lee SH, Lefèvre JH, Lepisto A, Lieu C, Loi L, Lynch C, Maillou-Martinaud H, Maroli A, Martin S, Martling A, Matzel KE, Mayol J, McDermott F, Meurette G, Millan M, Mitteregger M, Moiseenko A, Monson JRT, Morarasu S, Moritani K, Möslein G, Munini M, Nahas C, Nahas S, Negoi I, Novikova A, Ocares M, Okabayashi K, Olkina A, Oñate-Ocaña L, Otero J, Ozen C, Pace U, São Julião GP, Panaiotti L, Panis Y, Papamichael D, Park J, Patel S, Patrón Uriburu JC, Pera M, Perez RO, Petrov A, Pfeffer F, Phang PT, Poskus T, Pringle H, Proud D, Raguz I, Rama N, Rasheed S, Raval MJ, Rega D, Reissfelder C, Reyes Meneses JC, Ris F, Riss S, Rodriguez-Zentner H, Roxburgh CS, Saklani A, Salido AJ, Sammour T, Saraste D, Schneider M, Seishima R, Sekulic A, Seppala T, Sheahan K, Shine R, Shlomina A, Sica GS, Singnomklao T, Siragusa L, Smart N, Solis A, Spinelli A, Staiger RD, Stamos MJ, Steele S, Sunderland M, Tan KK, Tanis PJ, Tekkis P, Teklay B, Tengku S, Jiménez-Toscano M, Tsarkov P, Turina M, Ulrich A, Vailati BB, van Harten M, Verhoef C, Warrier S, Wexner S, de Wilt H, Weinberg BA, Wells C, Wolthuis A, Xynos E, You N, Zakharenko A, Zeballos J, Winter DC
JAMA Surg 2021 Sep 1;156(9):865-874. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2380. PMID: 34190968
European Academy of Andrology (EAA) guidelines on investigation, treatment and monitoring of functional hypogonadism in males: Endorsing organization: European Society of Endocrinology.
Corona G, Goulis DG, Huhtaniemi I, Zitzmann M, Toppari J, Forti G, Vanderschueren D, Wu FC
Andrology 2020 Sep;8(5):970-987. Epub 2020 Mar 20 doi: 10.1111/andr.12770. PMID: 32026626
The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention.
Poon LC, Shennan A, Hyett JA, Kapur A, Hadar E, Divakar H, McAuliffe F, da Silva Costa F, von Dadelszen P, McIntyre HD, Kihara AB, Di Renzo GC, Romero R, D'Alton M, Berghella V, Nicolaides KH, Hod M
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019 May;145 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):1-33. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12802. PMID: 31111484Free PMC Article
Blount disease.
Janoyer M
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019 Feb;105(1S):S111-S121. Epub 2018 Feb 23 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.009. PMID: 29481866

Therapy

Dynamics of the preterm gut microbiome in health and disease.
Cuna A, Morowitz MJ, Ahmed I, Umar S, Sampath V
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021 Apr 1;320(4):G411-G419. Epub 2021 Jan 13 doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00399.2020. PMID: 33439103Free PMC Article
Causal relationships between NAFLD, T2D and obesity have implications for disease subphenotyping.
Liu Z, Zhang Y, Graham S, Wang X, Cai D, Huang M, Pique-Regi R, Dong XC, Chen YE, Willer C, Liu W
J Hepatol 2020 Aug;73(2):263-276. Epub 2020 Mar 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.006. PMID: 32165250Free PMC Article
European Academy of Andrology (EAA) guidelines on investigation, treatment and monitoring of functional hypogonadism in males: Endorsing organization: European Society of Endocrinology.
Corona G, Goulis DG, Huhtaniemi I, Zitzmann M, Toppari J, Forti G, Vanderschueren D, Wu FC
Andrology 2020 Sep;8(5):970-987. Epub 2020 Mar 20 doi: 10.1111/andr.12770. PMID: 32026626
Changes of intestinal microbiota in early life.
Ficara M, Pietrella E, Spada C, Della Casa Muttini E, Lucaccioni L, Iughetti L, Berardi A
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Mar;33(6):1036-1043. Epub 2018 Sep 10 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1506760. PMID: 30058404
Lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease.
Kivipelto M, Mangialasche F, Ngandu T
Nat Rev Neurol 2018 Nov;14(11):653-666. doi: 10.1038/s41582-018-0070-3. PMID: 30291317

Prognosis

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.
REACCT Collaborative, Zaborowski AM, Abdile A, Adamina M, Aigner F, d'Allens L, Allmer C, Álvarez A, Anula R, Andric M, Atallah S, Bach S, Bala M, Barussaud M, Bausys A, Bebington B, Beggs A, Bellolio F, Bennett MR, Berdinskikh A, Bevan V, Biondo S, Bislenghi G, Bludau M, Boutall A, Brouwer N, Brown C, Bruns C, Buchanan DD, Buchwald P, Burger JWA, Burlov N, Campanelli M, Capdepont M, Carvello M, Chew HH, Christoforidis D, Clark D, Climent M, Cologne KG, Contreras T, Croner R, Daniels IR, Dapri G, Davies J, Delrio P, Denost Q, Deutsch M, Dias A, D'Hoore A, Drozdov E, Duek D, Dunlop M, Dziki A, Edmundson A, Efetov S, El-Hussuna A, Elliot B, Emile S, Espin E, Evans M, Faes S, Faiz O, Fleming F, Foppa C, Fowler G, Frasson M, Figueiredo N, Forgan T, Frizelle F, Gadaev S, Gellona J, Glyn T, Gong J, Goran B, Greenwood E, Guren MG, Guillon S, Gutlic I, Hahnloser D, Hampel H, Hanly A, Hasegawa H, Iversen LH, Hill A, Hill J, Hoch J, Hoffmeister M, Hompes R, Hurtado L, Iaquinandi F, Imbrasaite U, Islam R, Jafari MD, Kanemitsu Y, Karachun A, Karimuddin AA, Keller DS, Kelly J, Kennelly R, Khrykov G, Kocian P, Koh C, Kok N, Knight KA, Knol J, Kontovounisios C, Korner H, Krivokapic Z, Kronberger I, Kroon HM, Kryzauskas M, Kural S, Kusters M, Lakkis Z, Lankov T, Larson D, Lázár G, Lee KY, Lee SH, Lefèvre JH, Lepisto A, Lieu C, Loi L, Lynch C, Maillou-Martinaud H, Maroli A, Martin S, Martling A, Matzel KE, Mayol J, McDermott F, Meurette G, Millan M, Mitteregger M, Moiseenko A, Monson JRT, Morarasu S, Moritani K, Möslein G, Munini M, Nahas C, Nahas S, Negoi I, Novikova A, Ocares M, Okabayashi K, Olkina A, Oñate-Ocaña L, Otero J, Ozen C, Pace U, São Julião GP, Panaiotti L, Panis Y, Papamichael D, Park J, Patel S, Patrón Uriburu JC, Pera M, Perez RO, Petrov A, Pfeffer F, Phang PT, Poskus T, Pringle H, Proud D, Raguz I, Rama N, Rasheed S, Raval MJ, Rega D, Reissfelder C, Reyes Meneses JC, Ris F, Riss S, Rodriguez-Zentner H, Roxburgh CS, Saklani A, Salido AJ, Sammour T, Saraste D, Schneider M, Seishima R, Sekulic A, Seppala T, Sheahan K, Shine R, Shlomina A, Sica GS, Singnomklao T, Siragusa L, Smart N, Solis A, Spinelli A, Staiger RD, Stamos MJ, Steele S, Sunderland M, Tan KK, Tanis PJ, Tekkis P, Teklay B, Tengku S, Jiménez-Toscano M, Tsarkov P, Turina M, Ulrich A, Vailati BB, van Harten M, Verhoef C, Warrier S, Wexner S, de Wilt H, Weinberg BA, Wells C, Wolthuis A, Xynos E, You N, Zakharenko A, Zeballos J, Winter DC
JAMA Surg 2021 Sep 1;156(9):865-874. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2380. PMID: 34190968
Dynamics of the preterm gut microbiome in health and disease.
Cuna A, Morowitz MJ, Ahmed I, Umar S, Sampath V
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021 Apr 1;320(4):G411-G419. Epub 2021 Jan 13 doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00399.2020. PMID: 33439103Free PMC Article
Late-onset hypogonadism: metabolic impact.
Grossmann M, Ng Tang Fui M, Cheung AS
Andrology 2020 Nov;8(6):1519-1529. Epub 2019 Sep 25 doi: 10.1111/andr.12705. PMID: 31502758
The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention.
Poon LC, Shennan A, Hyett JA, Kapur A, Hadar E, Divakar H, McAuliffe F, da Silva Costa F, von Dadelszen P, McIntyre HD, Kihara AB, Di Renzo GC, Romero R, D'Alton M, Berghella V, Nicolaides KH, Hod M
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019 May;145 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):1-33. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12802. PMID: 31111484Free PMC Article
Blount disease.
Janoyer M
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019 Feb;105(1S):S111-S121. Epub 2018 Feb 23 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.009. PMID: 29481866

Clinical prediction guides

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.
REACCT Collaborative, Zaborowski AM, Abdile A, Adamina M, Aigner F, d'Allens L, Allmer C, Álvarez A, Anula R, Andric M, Atallah S, Bach S, Bala M, Barussaud M, Bausys A, Bebington B, Beggs A, Bellolio F, Bennett MR, Berdinskikh A, Bevan V, Biondo S, Bislenghi G, Bludau M, Boutall A, Brouwer N, Brown C, Bruns C, Buchanan DD, Buchwald P, Burger JWA, Burlov N, Campanelli M, Capdepont M, Carvello M, Chew HH, Christoforidis D, Clark D, Climent M, Cologne KG, Contreras T, Croner R, Daniels IR, Dapri G, Davies J, Delrio P, Denost Q, Deutsch M, Dias A, D'Hoore A, Drozdov E, Duek D, Dunlop M, Dziki A, Edmundson A, Efetov S, El-Hussuna A, Elliot B, Emile S, Espin E, Evans M, Faes S, Faiz O, Fleming F, Foppa C, Fowler G, Frasson M, Figueiredo N, Forgan T, Frizelle F, Gadaev S, Gellona J, Glyn T, Gong J, Goran B, Greenwood E, Guren MG, Guillon S, Gutlic I, Hahnloser D, Hampel H, Hanly A, Hasegawa H, Iversen LH, Hill A, Hill J, Hoch J, Hoffmeister M, Hompes R, Hurtado L, Iaquinandi F, Imbrasaite U, Islam R, Jafari MD, Kanemitsu Y, Karachun A, Karimuddin AA, Keller DS, Kelly J, Kennelly R, Khrykov G, Kocian P, Koh C, Kok N, Knight KA, Knol J, Kontovounisios C, Korner H, Krivokapic Z, Kronberger I, Kroon HM, Kryzauskas M, Kural S, Kusters M, Lakkis Z, Lankov T, Larson D, Lázár G, Lee KY, Lee SH, Lefèvre JH, Lepisto A, Lieu C, Loi L, Lynch C, Maillou-Martinaud H, Maroli A, Martin S, Martling A, Matzel KE, Mayol J, McDermott F, Meurette G, Millan M, Mitteregger M, Moiseenko A, Monson JRT, Morarasu S, Moritani K, Möslein G, Munini M, Nahas C, Nahas S, Negoi I, Novikova A, Ocares M, Okabayashi K, Olkina A, Oñate-Ocaña L, Otero J, Ozen C, Pace U, São Julião GP, Panaiotti L, Panis Y, Papamichael D, Park J, Patel S, Patrón Uriburu JC, Pera M, Perez RO, Petrov A, Pfeffer F, Phang PT, Poskus T, Pringle H, Proud D, Raguz I, Rama N, Rasheed S, Raval MJ, Rega D, Reissfelder C, Reyes Meneses JC, Ris F, Riss S, Rodriguez-Zentner H, Roxburgh CS, Saklani A, Salido AJ, Sammour T, Saraste D, Schneider M, Seishima R, Sekulic A, Seppala T, Sheahan K, Shine R, Shlomina A, Sica GS, Singnomklao T, Siragusa L, Smart N, Solis A, Spinelli A, Staiger RD, Stamos MJ, Steele S, Sunderland M, Tan KK, Tanis PJ, Tekkis P, Teklay B, Tengku S, Jiménez-Toscano M, Tsarkov P, Turina M, Ulrich A, Vailati BB, van Harten M, Verhoef C, Warrier S, Wexner S, de Wilt H, Weinberg BA, Wells C, Wolthuis A, Xynos E, You N, Zakharenko A, Zeballos J, Winter DC
JAMA Surg 2021 Sep 1;156(9):865-874. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2380. PMID: 34190968
The two-stage placental model of preeclampsia: An update.
Staff AC
J Reprod Immunol 2019 Sep;134-135:1-10. Epub 2019 Jul 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.07.004. PMID: 31301487
The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention.
Poon LC, Shennan A, Hyett JA, Kapur A, Hadar E, Divakar H, McAuliffe F, da Silva Costa F, von Dadelszen P, McIntyre HD, Kihara AB, Di Renzo GC, Romero R, D'Alton M, Berghella V, Nicolaides KH, Hod M
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019 May;145 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):1-33. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12802. PMID: 31111484Free PMC Article
Blount disease.
Janoyer M
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019 Feb;105(1S):S111-S121. Epub 2018 Feb 23 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.009. PMID: 29481866
Lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease.
Kivipelto M, Mangialasche F, Ngandu T
Nat Rev Neurol 2018 Nov;14(11):653-666. doi: 10.1038/s41582-018-0070-3. PMID: 30291317

Recent systematic reviews

Relationships between the Intakes of Human Milk Components and Body Composition of Breastfed Infants: A Systematic Review.
Norrish I, Sindi A, Sakalidis VS, Lai CT, McEachran JL, Tint MT, Perrella SL, Nicol MP, Gridneva Z, Geddes DT
Nutrients 2023 May 18;15(10) doi: 10.3390/nu15102370. PMID: 37242254Free PMC Article
Poor Bone Quality, Multilevel Surgery, and Narrow and Tall Cages Are Associated with Intraoperative Endplate Injuries and Late-onset Cage Subsidence in Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Systematic Review.
Wu H, Shan Z, Zhao F, Cheung JPY
Clin Orthop Relat Res 2022 Jan 1;480(1):163-188. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000001915. PMID: 34324459Free PMC Article
Metabolic syndrome and the risk of late onset Alzheimer's disease: An updated review and meta-analysis.
Zuin M, Roncon L, Passaro A, Cervellati C, Zuliani G
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021 Jul 22;31(8):2244-2252. Epub 2021 Apr 1 doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.020. PMID: 34039508
Cardiovascular events following pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia with emphasis on comparison between early- and late-onset forms: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Dall'Asta A, D'Antonio F, Saccone G, Buca D, Mastantuoni E, Liberati M, Flacco ME, Frusca T, Ghi T
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021 May;57(5):698-709. doi: 10.1002/uog.22107. PMID: 32484256
Diagnosis and treatment of late-onset hypogonadism: systematic review and meta-analysis of TRT outcomes.
Corona G, Rastrelli G, Maggi M
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013 Aug;27(4):557-79. Epub 2013 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2013.05.002. PMID: 24054931

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