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Benign essential blepharospasm

MedGen UID:
419660
•Concept ID:
C2930898
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Blepharospasm, Benign Essential; Essential Blepharospasm; Eyelid Twitching; Primary Blepharospasm; Spasm of Eyelids
SNOMED CT: Essential blepharospasm (59026006); Benign essential blepharospasm (59026006)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0011728

Definition

Involuntary twitching of the eyelid. [from MONDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Genetic Screening of a Hungarian Cohort with Focal Dystonia Identified Several Novel Putative Pathogenic Gene Variants.
Salamon A, Nagy ZF, Pál M, Szabó M, Csősz Á, Szpisjak L, Gárdián G, Zádori D, Széll M, Klivényi P
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Jun 28;24(13) doi: 10.3390/ijms241310745. PMID: 37445923Free PMC Article
Developments in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm.
Yen MT
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2018 Sep;29(5):440-444. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000500. PMID: 29916840
Chemodenervation for the Treatment of Facial Dystonia: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
Bilyk JR, Yen MT, Bradley EA, Wladis EJ, Mawn LA
Ophthalmology 2018 Sep;125(9):1459-1467. Epub 2018 Apr 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.03.013. PMID: 29653859

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

An Exploratory, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial of Dipraglurant for Blepharospasm.
Kilic-Berkmen G, Kim H, Chen D, Yeo CI, Dinasarapu AR, Scorr LM, Yeo WH, Peterson DA, Williams H, Ruby A, Mills R, Jinnah HA
Mov Disord 2024 Apr;39(4):738-745. Epub 2024 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/mds.29734. PMID: 38310362Free PMC Article
Medical and Surgical Treatments for Dystonia.
Jinnah HA
Neurol Clin 2020 May;38(2):325-348. Epub 2020 Mar 2 doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2020.01.003. PMID: 32279713Free PMC Article
Dry eye syndrome in benign essential blepharospasm.
Girard BC, Lévy P
J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Dec;42(10):1062-1067. Epub 2019 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2019.06.007. PMID: 31733914
Blepharospasm in children and adolescents.
Kinard K, Miller NR, Digre KB, Katz BJ, Crum AV, Warner JE
Childs Nerv Syst 2016 Feb;32(2):355-8. Epub 2015 Oct 28 doi: 10.1007/s00381-015-2938-5. PMID: 26510653
Facial dystonias and rosacea: is there an association?
Khan TT, Donaldson J, Hesse RJ
Orbit 2014 Aug;33(4):276-9. Epub 2014 May 15 doi: 10.3109/01676830.2014.904379. PMID: 24831933

Diagnosis

Benign Essential Blepharospasm: What We Know and What We Don't.
Hwang CJ, Eftekhari K
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2018 Winter;58(1):11-24. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000207. PMID: 29239874
Benign essential blepharospasm.
Ben Simon GJ, McCann JD
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2005 Summer;45(3):49-75. doi: 10.1097/01.iio.0000167238.26526.a8. PMID: 15970766
Blepharospasm: recent advances.
Hallett M
Neurology 2002 Nov 12;59(9):1306-12. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000027361.73814.0e. PMID: 12434791
Benign essential blepharospasm.
McCann JD, Ugurbas SH, Goldberg RA
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2002 Spring;42(2):113-21. doi: 10.1097/00004397-200204000-00011. PMID: 11914708
Facial tics.
Kowal L
Aust Fam Physician 1995 Oct;24(10):1870-1. PMID: 8546615

Therapy

Oral Pharmacotherapy for Benign Essential Blepharospasm.
Hirabayashi KE, Vagefi MR
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2018 Winter;58(1):33-47. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000208. PMID: 29239876
Benign Essential Blepharospasm: What We Know and What We Don't.
Hwang CJ, Eftekhari K
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2018 Winter;58(1):11-24. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000207. PMID: 29239874
Benign essential blepharospasm.
Ben Simon GJ, McCann JD
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2005 Summer;45(3):49-75. doi: 10.1097/01.iio.0000167238.26526.a8. PMID: 15970766
Benign essential blepharospasm.
McCann JD, Ugurbas SH, Goldberg RA
Int Ophthalmol Clin 2002 Spring;42(2):113-21. doi: 10.1097/00004397-200204000-00011. PMID: 11914708
Facial tics.
Kowal L
Aust Fam Physician 1995 Oct;24(10):1870-1. PMID: 8546615

Prognosis

Longitudinal predictors of health-related quality of life in isolated dystonia.
Junker J, Hall J, Berman BD, Vidailhet M, Roze E, Bäumer T, Malaty IA, Shukla AW, Jankovic J, Reich SG, Espay AJ, Duque KR, Patel N, Perlmutter JS, Jinnah HA; Dystonia Coalition Study Group, Brandt V, Brüggemann N
J Neurol 2024 Feb;271(2):852-863. Epub 2023 Oct 15 doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-12022-4. PMID: 37839041Free PMC Article
Antibody Development in Patients Treated Long-Term With OnabotulinumtoxinA for Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm.
Czyz CN, Burns JA, Bergstrom RE
J Neuroophthalmol 2021 Dec 1;41(4):e684-e687. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001171. PMID: 33470741
Which factors impact on quality of life for adults with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm?
Lawes-Wickwar S, McBain H, Hirani SP, Hurt CS, Dunlop N, Solly D, Crampton B, Newman SP, Ezra DG
Orbit 2021 Apr;40(2):110-119. Epub 2020 Mar 1 doi: 10.1080/01676830.2020.1733028. PMID: 32116098
Clinical Features of Benign Essential Blepharospasm in Korean Patients.
Lee JM, Baek JS, Choi HS, Kim SJ, Jang JW
Korean J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct;32(5):339-343. doi: 10.3341/kjo.2018.0038. PMID: 30311455Free PMC Article
Blink reflex studies in postparalytic facial syndrome and blepharospasm: trigeminal and extratrigeminal somatosensory stimulation.
Benbir G, Kiziltan ME
J Clin Neurophysiol 2014 Dec;31(6):535-40. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000095. PMID: 25462139

Clinical prediction guides

Relations between nonmotor manifestations and motor disorders in patients with benign essential blepharospasm.
Zhou Y, Wang W, Lin Z, Lin T, Gong L
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023 Dec;261(12):3615-3623. Epub 2023 Jun 21 doi: 10.1007/s00417-023-06141-x. PMID: 37341835
Health-related quality of life of daily-life-affected benign essential blepharospasm: Multi-center observational study.
Hirunwiwatkul P, Supawatjariyakul W, Jariyakosol S, Apinyawasisuk S, Sriratanaban J, Chongpison Y, Jagota P, Aui-Aree N, Witthayaweerasak J, Setthawatcharawanich S, Kitthaweesin K, Chirapapaisan N, Chaimongkoltrakul P, Laowanapiban P, Hansapinyo L, Panpitpat S, Kurathong S, Nimworaphan J, Thitiwichienlert S, Vanikieti K, Samipak N, Srimanan W, Mekhasingharak N, Chaitanuwong P
PLoS One 2023;18(3):e0283111. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283111. PMID: 36920965Free PMC Article
Outcome of Injection Botulinum Toxin in Blepharospasm.
Amatya M, Limbu B, Sthapit PR, Gurung HB, Saiju R
Nepal J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan;13(25):40-49. doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v13i1.30589. PMID: 33981096
Dry eye syndrome in benign essential blepharospasm.
Girard BC, Lévy P
J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Dec;42(10):1062-1067. Epub 2019 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2019.06.007. PMID: 31733914
Facial dystonias and rosacea: is there an association?
Khan TT, Donaldson J, Hesse RJ
Orbit 2014 Aug;33(4):276-9. Epub 2014 May 15 doi: 10.3109/01676830.2014.904379. PMID: 24831933

Recent systematic reviews

Mortality risk in chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chadalawada S, Rassi A Jr, Samara O, Monzon A, Gudapati D, Vargas Barahona L, Hyson P, Sillau S, Mestroni L, Taylor M, da Consolação Vieira Moreira M, DeSanto K, Agudelo Higuita NI, Franco-Paredes C, Henao-Martínez AF
ESC Heart Fail 2021 Dec;8(6):5466-5481. Epub 2021 Oct 30 doi: 10.1002/ehf2.13648. PMID: 34716744Free PMC Article
Botulinum toxin for benign essential blepharospasm: A systematic review and an algorithmic approach.
Rayess YA, Awaida CJ, Jabbour SF, Ballan AS, Sleilati FH, Abou Zeid SM, Nasr MW
Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021 Jan-Feb;177(1-2):107-114. Epub 2020 Jul 9 doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2020.03.022. PMID: 32654779
Risk of Chronic Cardiomyopathy Among Patients With the Acute Phase or Indeterminate Form of Chagas Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Chadalawada S, Sillau S, Archuleta S, Mundo W, Bandali M, Parra-Henao G, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Villamil-Gomez WE, Suárez JA, Shapiro L, Hotez PJ, Woc-Colburn L, DeSanto K, Rassi A Jr, Franco-Paredes C, Henao-Martínez AF
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Aug 3;3(8):e2015072. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.15072. PMID: 32865573Free PMC Article
Quality of life in idiopathic dystonia: a systematic review.
Girach A, Vinagre Aragon A, Zis P
J Neurol 2019 Dec;266(12):2897-2906. Epub 2018 Nov 20 doi: 10.1007/s00415-018-9119-x. PMID: 30460447Free PMC Article

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