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Combined PSAP deficiency(PSAPD)

MedGen UID:
382151
Concept ID:
C2673635
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: COMBINED SAP DEFICIENCY; Combined saposin deficiency; Encephalopathy due to prosaposin deficiency; PROSAPOSIN DEFICIENCY; PSAPD
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): PSAP (10q22.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012719
OMIM®: 611721
Orphanet: ORPHA139406

Definition

Combined saposin deficiency (PSAPD), a deficiency of prosaposin and saposins A, B, C, and D, is a fatal infantile storage disorder with hepatosplenomegaly and severe neurologic disease (summary by Hulkova et al., 2001). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hepatomegaly
MedGen UID:
42428
Concept ID:
C0019209
Finding
Abnormally increased size of the liver.
Feeding difficulties
MedGen UID:
65429
Concept ID:
C0232466
Finding
Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.
Fasciculations
MedGen UID:
5124
Concept ID:
C0015644
Sign or Symptom
Fasciculations are observed as small, local, involuntary muscle contractions (twitching) visible under the skin. Fasciculations result from increased irritability of an axon (which in turn is often a manifestation of disease of a motor neuron). This leads to sporadic discharges of all the muscle fibers controlled by the axon in isolation from other motor units.
Myoclonus
MedGen UID:
10234
Concept ID:
C0027066
Finding
Very brief, involuntary random muscular contractions occurring at rest, in response to sensory stimuli, or accompanying voluntary movements.
Babinski sign
MedGen UID:
19708
Concept ID:
C0034935
Finding
Upturning of the big toe (and sometimes fanning of the other toes) in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. If the Babinski sign is present it can indicate damage to the corticospinal tract.
CNS demyelination
MedGen UID:
137898
Concept ID:
C0338474
Disease or Syndrome
A loss of myelin from nerve fibers in the central nervous system.
Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum
MedGen UID:
138005
Concept ID:
C0344482
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the corpus callosum.
Neuronal loss in central nervous system
MedGen UID:
342515
Concept ID:
C1850496
Finding
Abnormal periventricular white matter morphology
MedGen UID:
435926
Concept ID:
C2673431
Finding
A structural abnormality of the myelinated axons (white matter) located near the cerebral ventricles.
Hyperkinetic movements
MedGen UID:
854367
Concept ID:
C3887506
Disease or Syndrome
Motor hyperactivity with excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole.
Generalized clonic seizure
MedGen UID:
869081
Concept ID:
C4023499
Disease or Syndrome
Generalized clonic seizure is a type of generalized motor seizure characterized by sustained bilateral jerking, either symmetric or asymmetric, that is regularly repetitive and involves the same muscle groups.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Splenomegaly
MedGen UID:
52469
Concept ID:
C0038002
Finding
Abnormal increased size of the spleen.
Abnormal glycosphingolipid metabolism
MedGen UID:
870889
Concept ID:
C4025350
Finding
An abnormality of glycosphingolipid metabolism.
Optic atrophy
MedGen UID:
18180
Concept ID:
C0029124
Disease or Syndrome
Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCombined PSAP deficiency
Follow this link to review classifications for Combined PSAP deficiency in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Kuchař L, Asfaw B, Poupětová H, Honzíková J, Tureček F, Ledvinová J
Clin Chim Acta 2013 Oct 21;425:153-9. Epub 2013 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.06.027. PMID: 23838369Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Motta M, Tatti M, Furlan F, Celato A, Di Fruscio G, Polo G, Manara R, Nigro V, Tartaglia M, Burlina A, Salvioli R
Clin Genet 2016 Sep;90(3):220-9. Epub 2016 Feb 19 doi: 10.1111/cge.12753. PMID: 26831127
Kuchař L, Asfaw B, Poupětová H, Honzíková J, Tureček F, Ledvinová J
Clin Chim Acta 2013 Oct 21;425:153-9. Epub 2013 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.06.027. PMID: 23838369Free PMC Article
Elleder M, Jerábková M, Befekadu A, Hrebícek M, Berná L, Ledvinová J, Hůlková H, Rosewich H, Schymik N, Paton BC, Harzer K
Neuropediatrics 2005 Jun;36(3):171-80. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-865608. PMID: 15944902
Paton BC, Schmid B, Kustermann-Kuhn B, Poulos A, Harzer K
Biochem J 1992 Jul 15;285 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):481-8. doi: 10.1042/bj2850481. PMID: 1637339Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Elleder M, Jerábková M, Befekadu A, Hrebícek M, Berná L, Ledvinová J, Hůlková H, Rosewich H, Schymik N, Paton BC, Harzer K
Neuropediatrics 2005 Jun;36(3):171-80. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-865608. PMID: 15944902

Clinical prediction guides

Motta M, Tatti M, Furlan F, Celato A, Di Fruscio G, Polo G, Manara R, Nigro V, Tartaglia M, Burlina A, Salvioli R
Clin Genet 2016 Sep;90(3):220-9. Epub 2016 Feb 19 doi: 10.1111/cge.12753. PMID: 26831127
Tatti M, Motta M, Di Bartolomeo S, Scarpa S, Cianfanelli V, Cecconi F, Salvioli R
Hum Mol Genet 2012 Dec 1;21(23):5159-73. Epub 2012 Sep 4 doi: 10.1093/hmg/dds367. PMID: 22949512

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