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Scleritis and episcleritis

MedGen UID:
743957
•Concept ID:
C1971635
•
Disease or Syndrome
SNOMED CT: Scleritis and episcleritis (267659002)

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases.
Fabiani C, Sota J, Tosi GM, Franceschini R, Frediani B, Galeazzi M, Rigante D, Cantarini L
Clin Rheumatol 2017 Oct;36(10):2307-2318. Epub 2016 Dec 28 doi: 10.1007/s10067-016-3527-z. PMID: 28032234
Treatment and management of scleral disorders.
Daniel Diaz J, Sobol EK, Gritz DC
Surv Ophthalmol 2016 Nov-Dec;61(6):702-717. Epub 2016 Jun 16 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.06.002. PMID: 27318032
Episcleritis and scleritis: clinical features and treatment results.
Jabs DA, Mudun A, Dunn JP, Marsh MJ
Am J Ophthalmol 2000 Oct;130(4):469-76. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00710-8. PMID: 11024419

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Scleritis and Episcleritis following Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Vaccination.
Sanjay S, Handa A, Kawali A, Shetty R, Bhakti Mishra S, Mahendradas P
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023 Aug;31(6):1184-1190. Epub 2023 Mar 8 doi: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2182324. PMID: 36884356
Therapy of ocular complications in ANCA+ associated vasculitis.
Sorin SM, Răzvan-Marian M, Daniela MM, Dan-Alexandru T
Rom J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Mar;65(1):10-14. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2021.3. PMID: 33817427Free PMC Article
Optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of scleritis and episcleritis.
Shoughy SS, Jaroudi MO, Kozak I, Tabbara KF
Am J Ophthalmol 2015 Jun;159(6):1045-1049.e1. Epub 2015 Mar 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.03.004. PMID: 25771347
Incidence of scleritis and episcleritis: results from the Pacific Ocular Inflammation Study.
Homayounfar G, Nardone N, Borkar DS, Tham VM, Porco TC, Enanoria WT, Parker JV, Vinoya AC, Uchida A, Acharya NR
Am J Ophthalmol 2013 Oct;156(4):752-8. Epub 2013 Jul 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.05.026. PMID: 23891336Free PMC Article
Severity of scleritis and episcleritis.
Sainz de la Maza M, Jabbur NS, Foster CS
Ophthalmology 1994 Feb;101(2):389-96. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(94)31325-x. PMID: 8115160

Diagnosis

Syphilitic scleritis and episcleritis: A review.
Shields MK, Furtado JM, Lake SR, Smith JR
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2024 May-Jun;13(3):100073. Epub 2024 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100073. PMID: 38795870
Scleritis and Episcleritis following Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Vaccination.
Sanjay S, Handa A, Kawali A, Shetty R, Bhakti Mishra S, Mahendradas P
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023 Aug;31(6):1184-1190. Epub 2023 Mar 8 doi: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2182324. PMID: 36884356
Therapy of ocular complications in ANCA+ associated vasculitis.
Sorin SM, Răzvan-Marian M, Daniela MM, Dan-Alexandru T
Rom J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Mar;65(1):10-14. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2021.3. PMID: 33817427Free PMC Article
Optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of scleritis and episcleritis.
Shoughy SS, Jaroudi MO, Kozak I, Tabbara KF
Am J Ophthalmol 2015 Jun;159(6):1045-1049.e1. Epub 2015 Mar 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.03.004. PMID: 25771347
Scleritis and episcleritis.
Watson PG, Hayreh SS
Br J Ophthalmol 1976 Mar;60(3):163-91. doi: 10.1136/bjo.60.3.163. PMID: 1268179Free PMC Article

Therapy

Syphilitic scleritis and episcleritis: A review.
Shields MK, Furtado JM, Lake SR, Smith JR
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2024 May-Jun;13(3):100073. Epub 2024 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100073. PMID: 38795870
Scleritis and Episcleritis following Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Vaccination.
Sanjay S, Handa A, Kawali A, Shetty R, Bhakti Mishra S, Mahendradas P
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023 Aug;31(6):1184-1190. Epub 2023 Mar 8 doi: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2182324. PMID: 36884356
Therapy of ocular complications in ANCA+ associated vasculitis.
Sorin SM, Răzvan-Marian M, Daniela MM, Dan-Alexandru T
Rom J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Mar;65(1):10-14. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2021.3. PMID: 33817427Free PMC Article
The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases.
Fabiani C, Sota J, Tosi GM, Franceschini R, Frediani B, Galeazzi M, Rigante D, Cantarini L
Clin Rheumatol 2017 Oct;36(10):2307-2318. Epub 2016 Dec 28 doi: 10.1007/s10067-016-3527-z. PMID: 28032234
Ultrasound biomicroscopy in scleritis.
Heiligenhaus A, Schilling M, Lung E, Steuhl KP
Ophthalmology 1998 Mar;105(3):527-34. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)93038-X. PMID: 9499786

Prognosis

Role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in scleral diseases: A review.
Preetam Peraka R, Murthy SI
Semin Ophthalmol 2023 Apr;38(3):238-247. Epub 2022 Aug 22 doi: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2112700. PMID: 35996334
Assessment of the Accuracy of Using ICD-9 Codes to Identify Uveitis, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Scleritis, and Episcleritis.
Pimentel MA, Browne EN, Janardhana PM, Borkar DS, Tham VM, Uchida A, Vinoya AC, Acharya NR
JAMA Ophthalmol 2016 Sep 1;134(9):1001-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.2166. PMID: 27387135
Incidence of scleritis and episcleritis: results from the Pacific Ocular Inflammation Study.
Homayounfar G, Nardone N, Borkar DS, Tham VM, Porco TC, Enanoria WT, Parker JV, Vinoya AC, Uchida A, Acharya NR
Am J Ophthalmol 2013 Oct;156(4):752-8. Epub 2013 Jul 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.05.026. PMID: 23891336Free PMC Article
Ultrasound biomicroscopy in scleritis.
Heiligenhaus A, Schilling M, Lung E, Steuhl KP
Ophthalmology 1998 Mar;105(3):527-34. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)93038-X. PMID: 9499786
Severity of scleritis and episcleritis.
Sainz de la Maza M, Jabbur NS, Foster CS
Ophthalmology 1994 Feb;101(2):389-96. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(94)31325-x. PMID: 8115160

Clinical prediction guides

Assessment of the Accuracy of Using ICD-9 Codes to Identify Uveitis, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Scleritis, and Episcleritis.
Pimentel MA, Browne EN, Janardhana PM, Borkar DS, Tham VM, Uchida A, Vinoya AC, Acharya NR
JAMA Ophthalmol 2016 Sep 1;134(9):1001-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.2166. PMID: 27387135
Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors in the treatment of chronic non-infectious, non-necrotizing scleritis and episcleritis.
Kolomeyer AM, Ragam A, Shah K, Do BK, Shah VP, Chu DS
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2012 Aug;20(4):293-9. Epub 2012 May 29 doi: 10.3109/09273948.2012.689075. PMID: 22642498
Clinical characteristics of a large cohort of patients with scleritis and episcleritis.
Sainz de la Maza M, Molina N, Gonzalez-Gonzalez LA, Doctor PP, Tauber J, Foster CS
Ophthalmology 2012 Jan;119(1):43-50. Epub 2011 Oct 2 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.07.013. PMID: 21963265
Anterior segment indocyanine green angiography in anterior scleritis and episcleritis.
Guex-Crosier Y, Durig J
Ophthalmology 2003 Sep;110(9):1756-63. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00567-0. PMID: 13129874
Totally necrotic choroidal and ciliary body melanomas: associations with prognosis, episcleritis, and scleritis.
Moshari A, Cheeseman EW, McLean IW
Am J Ophthalmol 2001 Feb;131(2):232-6. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00783-2. PMID: 11228300

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