From HPO
Foam cells- MedGen UID:
- 924121
- •Concept ID:
- C4281786
- •
- Finding
The presence of foam cells, a type of macrophage that localizes to fatty deposits on blood vessel walls, where they ingest low-density lipoproteins and become laden with lipids, giving them a foamy appearance.
CNS foam cells- MedGen UID:
- 1813072
- •Concept ID:
- C5558248
- •
- Finding
The presence of foam cells, a type of macrophage that localizes to fatty deposits on blood vessel walls, in the central nervous system.
Dysphagia- MedGen UID:
- 41440
- •Concept ID:
- C0011168
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Difficulty in swallowing.
Hepatomegaly- MedGen UID:
- 42428
- •Concept ID:
- C0019209
- •
- Finding
Abnormally increased size of the liver.
Jaundice- MedGen UID:
- 43987
- •Concept ID:
- C0022346
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Yellow pigmentation of the skin due to bilirubin, which in turn is the result of increased bilirubin concentration in the bloodstream.
Prolonged neonatal jaundice- MedGen UID:
- 347108
- •Concept ID:
- C1859236
- •
- Finding
Neonatal jaundice refers to a yellowing of the skin and other tissues of a newborn infant as a result of increased concentrations of bilirubin in the blood. Neonatal jaundice affects over half of all newborns to some extent in the first week of life. Prolonged neonatal jaundice is said to be present if the jaundice persists for longer than 14 days in term infants and 21 days in preterm infants.
Cataplexy- MedGen UID:
- 2862
- •Concept ID:
- C0007384
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A sudden and transient episode of bilateral loss of muscle tone, often triggered by emotions.
Cerebellar ataxia- MedGen UID:
- 849
- •Concept ID:
- C0007758
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
Dysarthria- MedGen UID:
- 8510
- •Concept ID:
- C0013362
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
Dystonic disorder- MedGen UID:
- 3940
- •Concept ID:
- C0013421
- •
- Sign or Symptom
An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.
Spasticity- MedGen UID:
- 7753
- •Concept ID:
- C0026838
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.
Psychotic disorder- MedGen UID:
- 19568
- •Concept ID:
- C0033975
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
A condition characterized by changes in personality and thought patterns, often accompanied by hallucinations and delusional beliefs, is known as psychosis.
Seizure- MedGen UID:
- 20693
- •Concept ID:
- C0036572
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Motor stereotypies- MedGen UID:
- 21318
- •Concept ID:
- C0038271
- •
- Individual Behavior
Use of the same abnormal action in response to certain triggers or at random. They may be used as a way to regulate one's internal state but must otherwise have no apparent functional purpose.
Neurofibrillary tangles- MedGen UID:
- 39273
- •Concept ID:
- C0085400
- •
- Finding
Pathological protein aggregates formed by hyperphosphorylation of a microtubule-associated protein known as tau, causing it to aggregate in an insoluble form.
Perseverative thought- MedGen UID:
- 66686
- •Concept ID:
- C0233651
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
The repetitive production of the same response to different commands.
Dementia- MedGen UID:
- 99229
- •Concept ID:
- C0497327
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
A loss of global cognitive ability of sufficient amount to interfere with normal social or occupational function. Dementia represents a loss of previously present cognitive abilities, generally in adults, and can affect memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behavior.
Loss of speech- MedGen UID:
- 107445
- •Concept ID:
- C0542223
- •
- Finding
Global developmental delay- MedGen UID:
- 107838
- •Concept ID:
- C0557874
- •
- Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Intellectual disability- MedGen UID:
- 811461
- •Concept ID:
- C3714756
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Hypotonia- MedGen UID:
- 10133
- •Concept ID:
- C0026827
- •
- Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Pulmonary fibrosis- MedGen UID:
- 11028
- •Concept ID:
- C0034069
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Replacement of normal lung tissues by fibroblasts and collagen.
Respiratory insufficiency- MedGen UID:
- 11197
- •Concept ID:
- C0035229
- •
- Pathologic Function
Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.
Respiratory failure- MedGen UID:
- 257837
- •Concept ID:
- C1145670
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A severe form of respiratory insufficiency characterized by inadequate gas exchange such that the levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide cannot be maintained within normal limits.
Neonatal respiratory distress- MedGen UID:
- 924182
- •Concept ID:
- C4281993
- •
- Finding
Respiratory difficulty as newborn.
Sea-blue histiocyte syndrome- MedGen UID:
- 19908
- •Concept ID:
- C0036489
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of histiocytes, in which the cells take on a sea blue appearance due to abnormally increased lipid content. Histiocytes are a type of macrophage. Sea-blue histiocytes are typically large macrophages from 20 to 60 micrometers in diameter with a single eccentric nucleus whose cytoplasm if packed with sea-blue or blue-green granules when stained with Wright-Giemsa.
Splenomegaly- MedGen UID:
- 52469
- •Concept ID:
- C0038002
- •
- Finding
Abnormal increased size of the spleen.
Bone-marrow foam cells- MedGen UID:
- 383940
- •Concept ID:
- C1856560
- •
- Finding
The presence of foam cells in the bone marrow, generally demonstrated by bone-marrow aspiration or biopsy. Foam cells have a vacuolated appearance due to the presence of complex lipid deposits, giving them a foamy or soap-suds appearance.
Low cholesterol esterification rate- MedGen UID:
- 335943
- •Concept ID:
- C1843371
- •
- Finding
A reduction in the rate of cholesterol esterification.
Polyhydramnios- MedGen UID:
- 6936
- •Concept ID:
- C0020224
- •
- Pathologic Function
The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy.
Fetal ascites- MedGen UID:
- 226930
- •Concept ID:
- C1285291
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity during the fetal period.
Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy- MedGen UID:
- 334385
- •Concept ID:
- C1843369
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A supranuclear gaze palsy is an inability to look in a vertical direction as a result of cerebral impairment. There is a loss of the voluntary aspect of eye movements, but, as the brainstem is still intact, all the reflex conjugate eye movements are normal.
- Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis
- Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
- Abnormality of the cardiovascular system
- Abnormality of the digestive system
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the immune system
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system