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Barbiturate withdrawal

MedGen UID:
741744
•Concept ID:
C1827973
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Barbiturate withdrawal syndrome
SNOMED CT: Barbiturate withdrawal (425339005); Barbiturate withdrawal syndrome (425339005)

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Alcohol, barbiturate and benzodiazepine withdrawal syndromes: clinical management.
Sellers EM
CMAJ 1988 Jul 15;139(2):113-20. PMID: 2898972Free PMC Article
Treatment of the barbiturate abstinence syndrome.
Sullivan JT, Sellers EM
Med J Aust 1986 Nov 3;145(9):456-8. PMID: 3773832
Assessment methods and the differential diagnosis of anxiety.
Lader MH
J Clin Psychopharmacol 1981 Nov;1(6):342-9. doi: 10.1097/00004714-198111000-00002. PMID: 7334147

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Barbiturate-refractory epilepsy: safe schedule for therapeutic substitution.
Gorz AM, Silvado CE, Bittencourt PR
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1986 Sep;44(3):225-31. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x1986000300002. PMID: 3109357
Development of tolerance to chronic barbital treatment in the cerebellar cyclic guanosine monophosphate system and its response to subsequent barbital abstinence.
Lane SJ, Morgan WW
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1985 Sep;234(3):569-74. PMID: 2993585
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome and barbiturates. A study of 25 cases treated with barbiturates compared with 124 cases treated without barbiturates.
Horton P, Gerster JC
Clin Rheumatol 1984 Dec;3(4):493-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02031272. PMID: 6525786
Benzodiazepine dependence potential: current studies and trends.
Smith DE
J Subst Abuse Treat 1984;1(3):163-7. doi: 10.1016/0740-5472(84)90019-9. PMID: 6152635
Comparison of ethanol and barbiturate physical dependence.
Okamoto M, Hinman DJ, Aaronson LM
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1981 Sep;218(3):701-8. PMID: 7196450

Diagnosis

Barbiturate withdrawal following Internet purchase of Fioricet.
Romero CE, Baron JD, Knox AP, Hinchey JA, Ropper AH
Arch Neurol 2004 Jul;61(7):1111-2. doi: 10.1001/archneur.61.7.1111. PMID: 15262744
Assessment methods and the differential diagnosis of anxiety.
Lader MH
J Clin Psychopharmacol 1981 Nov;1(6):342-9. doi: 10.1097/00004714-198111000-00002. PMID: 7334147
Neonatal barbiturate withdrawal.
Blumenthal I, Lindsay S
Postgrad Med J 1977 Mar;53(617):157-8. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.53.617.157. PMID: 870892Free PMC Article
Evaluation of anticonvulsants in barbiturate withdrawal.
Okamoto M, Rosenberg HC, Boisse NR
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1977 Aug;202(2):479-89. PMID: 560473
Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in homogenates of rat striata during ethanol and barbiturate withdrawal.
Seeber U, Kuschinsky K
Arch Toxicol 1976 Aug 18;35(4):247-53. doi: 10.1007/BF00570266. PMID: 989295

Therapy

Alcohol, barbiturate and benzodiazepine withdrawal syndromes: clinical management.
Sellers EM
CMAJ 1988 Jul 15;139(2):113-20. PMID: 2898972Free PMC Article
Barbiturate withdrawal.
JAMA 1979 Apr 6;241(14):1447. PMID: 430676
Neonatal barbiturate withdrawal.
Schweigert BF
JAMA 1972 Sep 11;221(11):1282. doi: 10.1001/jama.1972.03200240056025. PMID: 5068640
Outpatient barbiturate withdrawal using phenobarbital.
Gray GR, Smith DE, Wesson DR, Sheppard CW
Int J Addict 1972;7(1):17-26. doi: 10.3109/10826087209026758. PMID: 5043836
Clinical and experimental aspects of barbiturate withdrawal convulsions.
Essig CF
Epilepsia 1967 Mar;8(1):21-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1967.tb03816.x. PMID: 5339251

Prognosis

Mapping a barbiturate withdrawal locus to a 0.44 Mb interval and analysis of a novel null mutant identify a role for Kcnj9 (GIRK3) in withdrawal from pentobarbital, zolpidem, and ethanol.
Kozell LB, Walter NA, Milner LC, Wickman K, Buck KJ
J Neurosci 2009 Sep 16;29(37):11662-73. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1413-09.2009. PMID: 19759313Free PMC Article
Benzodiazepine dependence potential: current studies and trends.
Smith DE
J Subst Abuse Treat 1984;1(3):163-7. doi: 10.1016/0740-5472(84)90019-9. PMID: 6152635
Tolerance to and dependence on barbiturates in mice reference to the data in rats.
Tagashira E, Urano T, Yasukouchi K, Hiramori T, Yanaura S
Jpn J Pharmacol 1981 Jun;31(3):375-82. doi: 10.1254/jjp.31.375. PMID: 7198164
Physical dependence to barbital compared to pentobarbital. III. Withdrawal characteristics.
Boisse NR, Okamoto M
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1978 Mar;204(3):514-25. PMID: 564952
Withdrawal characteristics following chronic pentobarbital dosing.
Okamoto M, Rosenberg HC, Boisse NR
Eur J Pharmacol 1976 Nov;40(1):107-19. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(76)90360-5. PMID: 1033070

Clinical prediction guides

Mapping a barbiturate withdrawal locus to a 0.44 Mb interval and analysis of a novel null mutant identify a role for Kcnj9 (GIRK3) in withdrawal from pentobarbital, zolpidem, and ethanol.
Kozell LB, Walter NA, Milner LC, Wickman K, Buck KJ
J Neurosci 2009 Sep 16;29(37):11662-73. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1413-09.2009. PMID: 19759313Free PMC Article
Tolerance to and dependence on barbiturates in mice reference to the data in rats.
Tagashira E, Urano T, Yasukouchi K, Hiramori T, Yanaura S
Jpn J Pharmacol 1981 Jun;31(3):375-82. doi: 10.1254/jjp.31.375. PMID: 7198164
Barbiturate withdrawal and magnesium deficiency in mice.
Belknap JK, Berg JH, Ondrusek G, Waddingham S
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1978 Dec 8;59(3):299-303. doi: 10.1007/BF00426638. PMID: 104334
Evaluation of anticonvulsants in barbiturate withdrawal.
Okamoto M, Rosenberg HC, Boisse NR
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1977 Aug;202(2):479-89. PMID: 560473
Absence of REM rebound after barbiturate withdrawal.
Feinberg I, Hibi S, Cavness C, March J
Science 1974 Aug 9;185(4150):534-5. doi: 10.1126/science.185.4150.534. PMID: 4366490

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