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Hypocortisolism secondary to another disorder

MedGen UID:
543527
•Concept ID:
C0271738
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Secondary adrenal insufficiency; Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency; Secondary hypocortisolism
SNOMED CT: Secondary hypocortisolism (16685009); Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency (16685009); Hypocortisolism secondary to another disorder (16685009); Secondary adrenal insufficiency (16685009)

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency.
Lewis A, Thant AA, Aslam A, Aung PPM, Azmi S
Clin Med (Lond) 2023 Mar;23(2):115-118. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2023-0067. PMID: 36958832Free PMC Article
Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Primary and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency and the Role of Comorbidities.
Ngaosuwan K, Johnston DG, Godsland IF, Cox J, Majeed A, Quint JK, Oliver N, Robinson S
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Apr 23;106(5):1284-1293. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab063. PMID: 33585930
The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of adrenal emergencies.
Tucci V, Sokari T
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2014 May;32(2):465-84. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2014.01.006. PMID: 24766944

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Nutrition interventions for adults with dyslipidemia: A Clinical Perspective from the National Lipid Association.
Kirkpatrick CF, Sikand G, Petersen KS, Anderson CAM, Aspry KE, Bolick JP, Kris-Etherton PM, Maki KC
J Clin Lipidol 2023 Jul-Aug;17(4):428-451. Epub 2023 Jun 2 doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2023.05.099. PMID: 37271600
Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: a population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK.
Conrad N, Misra S, Verbakel JY, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Taylor PN, Mason J, Sattar N, McMurray JJV, McInnes IB, Khunti K, Cambridge G
Lancet 2023 Jun 3;401(10391):1878-1890. Epub 2023 May 5 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00457-9. PMID: 37156255
Autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular risk: a population-based study on 19 autoimmune diseases and 12 cardiovascular diseases in 22 million individuals in the UK.
Conrad N, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Goetschalckx L, Callender T, Cambridge G, Mason JC, Rahimi K, McMurray JJV, Verbakel JY
Lancet 2022 Sep 3;400(10354):733-743. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01349-6. PMID: 36041475
Should Dehydroepiandrosterone Be Administered to Women?
Wierman ME, Kiseljak-Vassiliades K
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 17;107(6):1679-1685. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac130. PMID: 35254428Free PMC Article
Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism: who to treat and how.
Khandelwal D, Tandon N
Drugs 2012 Jan 1;72(1):17-33. doi: 10.2165/11598070-000000000-00000. PMID: 22191793

Diagnosis

Hypoglycaemia in adrenal insufficiency.
Lee SC, Baranowski ES, Sakremath R, Saraff V, Mohamed Z
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023;14:1198519. Epub 2023 Nov 20 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1198519. PMID: 38053731Free PMC Article
Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: a population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK.
Conrad N, Misra S, Verbakel JY, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Taylor PN, Mason J, Sattar N, McMurray JJV, McInnes IB, Khunti K, Cambridge G
Lancet 2023 Jun 3;401(10391):1878-1890. Epub 2023 May 5 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00457-9. PMID: 37156255
Autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular risk: a population-based study on 19 autoimmune diseases and 12 cardiovascular diseases in 22 million individuals in the UK.
Conrad N, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Goetschalckx L, Callender T, Cambridge G, Mason JC, Rahimi K, McMurray JJV, Verbakel JY
Lancet 2022 Sep 3;400(10354):733-743. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01349-6. PMID: 36041475
Efficacy and safety of osilodrostat in patients with Cushing's disease (LINC 3): a multicentre phase III study with a double-blind, randomised withdrawal phase.
Pivonello R, Fleseriu M, Newell-Price J, Bertagna X, Findling J, Shimatsu A, Gu F, Auchus R, Leelawattana R, Lee EJ, Kim JH, Lacroix A, Laplanche A, O'Connell P, Tauchmanova L, Pedroncelli AM, Biller BMK; LINC 3 investigators
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020 Sep;8(9):748-761. Epub 2020 Jul 27 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30240-0. PMID: 32730798
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.
Moser HW, Mahmood A, Raymond GV
Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2007 Mar;3(3):140-51. doi: 10.1038/ncpneuro0421. PMID: 17342190

Therapy

Hypoglycaemia in adrenal insufficiency.
Lee SC, Baranowski ES, Sakremath R, Saraff V, Mohamed Z
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023;14:1198519. Epub 2023 Nov 20 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1198519. PMID: 38053731Free PMC Article
Should Dehydroepiandrosterone Be Administered to Women?
Wierman ME, Kiseljak-Vassiliades K
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 17;107(6):1679-1685. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac130. PMID: 35254428Free PMC Article
Efficacy and Safety of Degludec versus Glargine in Type 2 Diabetes.
Marso SP, McGuire DK, Zinman B, Poulter NR, Emerson SS, Pieber TR, Pratley RE, Haahr PM, Lange M, Brown-Frandsen K, Moses A, Skibsted S, Kvist K, Buse JB; DEVOTE Study Group
N Engl J Med 2017 Aug 24;377(8):723-732. Epub 2017 Jun 12 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615692. PMID: 28605603Free PMC Article
Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism: who to treat and how.
Khandelwal D, Tandon N
Drugs 2012 Jan 1;72(1):17-33. doi: 10.2165/11598070-000000000-00000. PMID: 22191793
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.
Moser HW, Mahmood A, Raymond GV
Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2007 Mar;3(3):140-51. doi: 10.1038/ncpneuro0421. PMID: 17342190

Prognosis

Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: a population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK.
Conrad N, Misra S, Verbakel JY, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Taylor PN, Mason J, Sattar N, McMurray JJV, McInnes IB, Khunti K, Cambridge G
Lancet 2023 Jun 3;401(10391):1878-1890. Epub 2023 May 5 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00457-9. PMID: 37156255
Hypertension and incident cardiovascular events after next-generation BTKi therapy initiation.
Chen ST, Azali L, Rosen L, Zhao Q, Wiczer T, Palettas M, Gambril J, Kola-Kehinde O, Ruz P, Kalathoor S, Rogers K, Kittai A, Grever M, Awan F, Byrd JC, Woyach J, Bhat SA, Addison D
J Hematol Oncol 2022 Jul 14;15(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01302-7. PMID: 35836241Free PMC Article
Fertility and pregnancy in women with primary adrenal insufficiency.
Bensing S, Giordano R, Falorni A
Endocrine 2020 Nov;70(2):211-217. Epub 2020 May 29 doi: 10.1007/s12020-020-02343-z. PMID: 32472424
Efficacy and Safety of Degludec versus Glargine in Type 2 Diabetes.
Marso SP, McGuire DK, Zinman B, Poulter NR, Emerson SS, Pieber TR, Pratley RE, Haahr PM, Lange M, Brown-Frandsen K, Moses A, Skibsted S, Kvist K, Buse JB; DEVOTE Study Group
N Engl J Med 2017 Aug 24;377(8):723-732. Epub 2017 Jun 12 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615692. PMID: 28605603Free PMC Article
Thymomas.
LeGolvan DP, Abell MR
Cancer 1977 May;39(5):2142-57. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197705)39:5<2142::aid-cncr2820390531>3.0.co;2-q. PMID: 558046

Clinical prediction guides

Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: a population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK.
Conrad N, Misra S, Verbakel JY, Verbeke G, Molenberghs G, Taylor PN, Mason J, Sattar N, McMurray JJV, McInnes IB, Khunti K, Cambridge G
Lancet 2023 Jun 3;401(10391):1878-1890. Epub 2023 May 5 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00457-9. PMID: 37156255
Hypertension and incident cardiovascular events after next-generation BTKi therapy initiation.
Chen ST, Azali L, Rosen L, Zhao Q, Wiczer T, Palettas M, Gambril J, Kola-Kehinde O, Ruz P, Kalathoor S, Rogers K, Kittai A, Grever M, Awan F, Byrd JC, Woyach J, Bhat SA, Addison D
J Hematol Oncol 2022 Jul 14;15(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01302-7. PMID: 35836241Free PMC Article
Should Dehydroepiandrosterone Be Administered to Women?
Wierman ME, Kiseljak-Vassiliades K
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 17;107(6):1679-1685. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac130. PMID: 35254428Free PMC Article
Fertility and pregnancy in women with primary adrenal insufficiency.
Bensing S, Giordano R, Falorni A
Endocrine 2020 Nov;70(2):211-217. Epub 2020 May 29 doi: 10.1007/s12020-020-02343-z. PMID: 32472424
Thymomas.
LeGolvan DP, Abell MR
Cancer 1977 May;39(5):2142-57. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197705)39:5<2142::aid-cncr2820390531>3.0.co;2-q. PMID: 558046

Recent systematic reviews

Rate of fracture in patients with glucocorticoid replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li L, Bensing S, Falhammar H
Endocrine 2021 Oct;74(1):29-37. Epub 2021 Apr 12 doi: 10.1007/s12020-021-02723-z. PMID: 33846948

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