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Specific phobia

MedGen UID:
65932
Concept ID:
C0236801
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonym: PHOBIA, SIMPLE
SNOMED CT: Isolated phobia (54587008); Simple phobia (54587008); Specific phobia (54587008)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012000
OMIM®: 608251

Definition

An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation. Exposure to the phobic stimulus immediately provokes an anxiety response. In adults, the specific phobia is recognized as excessive or unreasonable. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Apolinário-Hagen J, Drüge M, Fritsche L
Adv Exp Med Biol 2020;1191:291-329. doi: 10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_17. PMID: 32002935
Katzman MA, Bleau P, Blier P, Chokka P, Kjernisted K, Van Ameringen M; Canadian Anxiety Guidelines Initiative Group on behalf of the Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada/Association Canadienne des troubles anxieux and McGill University, Antony MM, Bouchard S, Brunet A, Flament M, Grigoriadis S, Mendlowitz S, O'Connor K, Rabheru K, Richter PM, Robichaud M, Walker JR
BMC Psychiatry 2014;14 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S1. Epub 2014 Jul 2 doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-14-S1-S1. PMID: 25081580Free PMC Article
Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Allgulander C, Bandelow B, den Boer JA, Christmas DM, Davies S, Fineberg N, Lidbetter N, Malizia A, McCrone P, Nabarro D, O'Neill C, Scott J, van der Wee N, Wittchen HU
J Psychopharmacol 2014 May;28(5):403-39. Epub 2014 Apr 8 doi: 10.1177/0269881114525674. PMID: 24713617

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Apolinário-Hagen J, Drüge M, Fritsche L
Adv Exp Med Biol 2020;1191:291-329. doi: 10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_17. PMID: 32002935
Pary R, Sarai SK, Micchelli A, Lippmann S
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2019 Jan 31;21(1) doi: 10.4088/PCC.18nr02335. PMID: 30806999
Auxéméry Y
Presse Med 2018 May;47(5):423-430. Epub 2018 Mar 24 doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2017.12.006. PMID: 29580906
Katzman MA, Bleau P, Blier P, Chokka P, Kjernisted K, Van Ameringen M; Canadian Anxiety Guidelines Initiative Group on behalf of the Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada/Association Canadienne des troubles anxieux and McGill University, Antony MM, Bouchard S, Brunet A, Flament M, Grigoriadis S, Mendlowitz S, O'Connor K, Rabheru K, Richter PM, Robichaud M, Walker JR
BMC Psychiatry 2014;14 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S1. Epub 2014 Jul 2 doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-14-S1-S1. PMID: 25081580Free PMC Article
Beesdo K, Knappe S, Pine DS
Psychiatr Clin North Am 2009 Sep;32(3):483-524. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.002. PMID: 19716988Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Auxéméry Y
Presse Med 2018 May;47(5):423-430. Epub 2018 Mar 24 doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2017.12.006. PMID: 29580906
Katzman MA, Bleau P, Blier P, Chokka P, Kjernisted K, Van Ameringen M; Canadian Anxiety Guidelines Initiative Group on behalf of the Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada/Association Canadienne des troubles anxieux and McGill University, Antony MM, Bouchard S, Brunet A, Flament M, Grigoriadis S, Mendlowitz S, O'Connor K, Rabheru K, Richter PM, Robichaud M, Walker JR
BMC Psychiatry 2014;14 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S1. Epub 2014 Jul 2 doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-14-S1-S1. PMID: 25081580Free PMC Article
Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Allgulander C, Bandelow B, den Boer JA, Christmas DM, Davies S, Fineberg N, Lidbetter N, Malizia A, McCrone P, Nabarro D, O'Neill C, Scott J, van der Wee N, Wittchen HU
J Psychopharmacol 2014 May;28(5):403-39. Epub 2014 Apr 8 doi: 10.1177/0269881114525674. PMID: 24713617
Beesdo K, Knappe S, Pine DS
Psychiatr Clin North Am 2009 Sep;32(3):483-524. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.002. PMID: 19716988Free PMC Article
Hofmann SG, Smits JA
J Clin Psychiatry 2008 Apr;69(4):621-32. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v69n0415. PMID: 18363421Free PMC Article

Therapy

Skelley JW, Deas CM, Curren Z, Ennis J
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2020 Jan-Feb;60(1):253-261. Epub 2019 Dec 19 doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2019.11.008. PMID: 31866386
van Dis EAM, van Veen SC, Hagenaars MA, Batelaan NM, Bockting CLH, van den Heuvel RM, Cuijpers P, Engelhard IM
JAMA Psychiatry 2020 Mar 1;77(3):265-273. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3986. PMID: 31758858Free PMC Article
Steenen SA, van Wijk AJ, van der Heijden GJ, van Westrhenen R, de Lange J, de Jongh A
J Psychopharmacol 2016 Feb;30(2):128-39. Epub 2015 Oct 20 doi: 10.1177/0269881115612236. PMID: 26487439Free PMC Article
Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Allgulander C, Bandelow B, den Boer JA, Christmas DM, Davies S, Fineberg N, Lidbetter N, Malizia A, McCrone P, Nabarro D, O'Neill C, Scott J, van der Wee N, Wittchen HU
J Psychopharmacol 2014 May;28(5):403-39. Epub 2014 Apr 8 doi: 10.1177/0269881114525674. PMID: 24713617
Hofmann SG, Smits JA
J Clin Psychiatry 2008 Apr;69(4):621-32. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v69n0415. PMID: 18363421Free PMC Article

Prognosis

McGrath JJ, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Altwaijri Y, Andrade LH, Bromet EJ, Bruffaerts R, de Almeida JMC, Chardoul S, Chiu WT, Degenhardt L, Demler OV, Ferry F, Gureje O, Haro JM, Karam EG, Karam G, Khaled SM, Kovess-Masfety V, Magno M, Medina-Mora ME, Moskalewicz J, Navarro-Mateu F, Nishi D, Plana-Ripoll O, Posada-Villa J, Rapsey C, Sampson NA, Stagnaro JC, Stein DJ, Ten Have M, Torres Y, Vladescu C, Woodruff PW, Zarkov Z, Kessler RC; WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators
Lancet Psychiatry 2023 Sep;10(9):668-681. Epub 2023 Jul 30 doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00193-1. PMID: 37531964Free PMC Article
Hasin DS, Sarvet AL, Meyers JL, Saha TD, Ruan WJ, Stohl M, Grant BF
JAMA Psychiatry 2018 Apr 1;75(4):336-346. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4602. PMID: 29450462Free PMC Article
Newman MG, Shin KE, Zuellig AR
J Affect Disord 2016 Dec;206:94-102. Epub 2016 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.008. PMID: 27466747Free PMC Article
Shin LM, Liberzon I
Neuropsychopharmacology 2010 Jan;35(1):169-91. doi: 10.1038/npp.2009.83. PMID: 19625997Free PMC Article
Beesdo K, Knappe S, Pine DS
Psychiatr Clin North Am 2009 Sep;32(3):483-524. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.002. PMID: 19716988Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Kropf E, Syan SK, Minuzzi L, Frey BN
Braz J Psychiatry 2019 May-Jun;41(3):261-269. Epub 2018 Dec 6 doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0183. PMID: 30540029Free PMC Article
Newman MG, Shin KE, Zuellig AR
J Affect Disord 2016 Dec;206:94-102. Epub 2016 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.008. PMID: 27466747Free PMC Article
Shin LM, Liberzon I
Neuropsychopharmacology 2010 Jan;35(1):169-91. doi: 10.1038/npp.2009.83. PMID: 19625997Free PMC Article
Beesdo K, Knappe S, Pine DS
Psychiatr Clin North Am 2009 Sep;32(3):483-524. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.002. PMID: 19716988Free PMC Article
Hofmann SG, Smits JA
J Clin Psychiatry 2008 Apr;69(4):621-32. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v69n0415. PMID: 18363421Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Skelley JW, Deas CM, Curren Z, Ennis J
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2020 Jan-Feb;60(1):253-261. Epub 2019 Dec 19 doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2019.11.008. PMID: 31866386
van Dis EAM, van Veen SC, Hagenaars MA, Batelaan NM, Bockting CLH, van den Heuvel RM, Cuijpers P, Engelhard IM
JAMA Psychiatry 2020 Mar 1;77(3):265-273. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3986. PMID: 31758858Free PMC Article
Cirillo P, Gold AK, Nardi AE, Ornelas AC, Nierenberg AA, Camprodon J, Kinrys G
Brain Behav 2019 Jun;9(6):e01284. Epub 2019 May 7 doi: 10.1002/brb3.1284. PMID: 31066227Free PMC Article
Steenen SA, van Wijk AJ, van der Heijden GJ, van Westrhenen R, de Lange J, de Jongh A
J Psychopharmacol 2016 Feb;30(2):128-39. Epub 2015 Oct 20 doi: 10.1177/0269881115612236. PMID: 26487439Free PMC Article
Hofmann SG, Smits JA
J Clin Psychiatry 2008 Apr;69(4):621-32. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v69n0415. PMID: 18363421Free PMC Article

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