U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

General paresis - neurosyphilis

MedGen UID:
104737
•Concept ID:
C0205858
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: General Paralysis; General Paralysis of the Insane; General Paresis; General Paresis of the Insane; Paralysis, General; Paretic Neurosyphilis
SNOMED CT: Paralytic dementia (51928006); General paresis of the insane (51928006); GPI - General paresis of the insane (51928006); General paralysis of insane (51928006); General paresis - neurosyphilis (51928006); General paresis (51928006); Dementia paralytica (51928006); Progressive general paresis (51928006); Paretic neurosyphilis (51928006)

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Neurosyphilis (general paresis). Report of a case of failure of penicillin treatment.
BIRKETT DA
Br J Vener Dis 1961 Sep;37(3):202-3. doi: 10.1136/sti.37.3.202. PMID: 13869395Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Neurosyphilis in Anglo-American Composers and Jazz Musicians.
Breitenfeld D, Kust D, Breitenfeld T, Prpić M, Lucijanić M, Zibar D, Hostić V, Franceschi M, Bolanča A
Acta Clin Croat 2017 Sep;56(3):505-511. doi: 10.20471/acc.2017.56.03.18. PMID: 29479917
Syphilis.
Hook EW 3rd
Lancet 2017 Apr 15;389(10078):1550-1557. Epub 2016 Dec 18 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32411-4. PMID: 27993382
Neurosyphilis.
Marra CM
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2004 Nov;4(6):435-40. doi: 10.1007/s11910-004-0065-x. PMID: 15509443
Ocular syphilis.
Aldave AJ, King JA, Cunningham ET Jr
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2001 Dec;12(6):433-41. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200112000-00008. PMID: 11734683
Borrelia rhombencephalomyelopathy.
Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J, Miklossy J, Steck AJ, Janzer R, Regli F
Arch Neurol 1991 Aug;48(8):832-6. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1991.00530200072021. PMID: 1898257

Diagnosis

State-of-the-Art Review: Neurosyphilis.
Hamill MM, Ghanem KG, Tuddenham S
Clin Infect Dis 2024 May 15;78(5):e57-e68. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad437. PMID: 37593890
Neurosyphilis.
Chow F
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2021 Aug 1;27(4):1018-1039. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000982. PMID: 34623102
Neurosyphilis.
Peermohamed S, Kogilwaimath S, Sanche S
CMAJ 2020 Jul 20;192(29):E844. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.200189. PMID: 32690559Free PMC Article
Neurosyphilis in patients with HIV.
Hobbs E, Vera JH, Marks M, Barritt AW, Ridha BH, Lawrence D
Pract Neurol 2018 Jun;18(3):211-218. Epub 2018 Feb 24 doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2017-001754. PMID: 29478035
Neurosyphilis.
Marra CM
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2004 Nov;4(6):435-40. doi: 10.1007/s11910-004-0065-x. PMID: 15509443

Therapy

State-of-the-Art Review: Neurosyphilis.
Hamill MM, Ghanem KG, Tuddenham S
Clin Infect Dis 2024 May 15;78(5):e57-e68. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad437. PMID: 37593890
Neurosyphilis.
Peermohamed S, Kogilwaimath S, Sanche S
CMAJ 2020 Jul 20;192(29):E844. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.200189. PMID: 32690559Free PMC Article
Neurosyphilis.
Gonzalez H, Koralnik IJ, Marra CM
Semin Neurol 2019 Aug;39(4):448-455. Epub 2019 Sep 18 doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1688942. PMID: 31533185
Neurosyphilis.
Madhusudhan M
Neurol India 2009 May-Jun;57(3):233-4. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.53259. PMID: 19587460
Syphilis.
Crissey JT, Denenholz DA
Clin Dermatol 1984 Jan-Mar;2(1):1-166. doi: 10.1016/0738-081x(84)90003-8. PMID: 6400314

Prognosis

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis.
Shahan B, Choi EY, Nieves G
Am Fam Physician 2021 Apr 1;103(7):422-428. PMID: 33788511
Neurosyphilis.
Gonzalez H, Koralnik IJ, Marra CM
Semin Neurol 2019 Aug;39(4):448-455. Epub 2019 Sep 18 doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1688942. PMID: 31533185
Ocular Syphilis: An Update.
Dutta Majumder P, Chen EJ, Shah J, Ching Wen Ho D, Biswas J, See Yin L, Gupta V, Pavesio C, Agrawal R
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019;27(1):117-125. Epub 2017 Oct 11 doi: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1371765. PMID: 29020491
Neurosyphilis: Knowledge Gaps and Controversies.
Tuddenham S, Ghanem KG
Sex Transm Dis 2018 Mar;45(3):147-151. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000723. PMID: 29420441Free PMC Article
Neurosyphilis.
Marra CM
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2004 Nov;4(6):435-40. doi: 10.1007/s11910-004-0065-x. PMID: 15509443

Clinical prediction guides

Risk Factors for CSF/Plasma HIV-1 RNA Discordance in HIV-Infected Patients.
Nie J, Zeng Y, Zeng Q, Du X, Chen Y
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022 Oct 1;91(S1):S20-S26. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003046. PMID: 36094511
Louis Duménil (1823-1890), surgeon and pioneer in neurology.
Walusinski O
Rev Neurol (Paris) 2022 Apr;178(4):298-305. Epub 2021 Sep 23 doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.06.011. PMID: 34565621
Historical reflections on neurosyphilis based on the 1826 treatise on general paralysis in demented patients by Louis Florentin Calmeil (1798-1895).
Macia F, Ardagna Y
Rev Neurol (Paris) 2018 Apr;174(4):247-254. Epub 2017 Nov 21 doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.06.012. PMID: 29169563
A Brief Resolved Unexplained Event and Congenital Neurosyphilis.
Triemstra J, Reno K, Chohlas-Wood R, Nash C
Pediatr Ann 2017 Feb 1;46(2):e61-e64. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20170118-02. PMID: 28192580
Testing for syphilis.
Johnson PC, Farnie MA
Dermatol Clin 1994 Jan;12(1):9-17. PMID: 8143388

Recent systematic reviews

Management of Adult Syphilis: Key Questions to Inform the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines.
Tuddenham S, Ghanem KG
Clin Infect Dis 2022 Apr 13;74(Suppl_2):S127-S133. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac060. PMID: 35416969Free PMC Article
Sensitivity and Specificity of Treponemal-specific Tests for the Diagnosis of Syphilis.
Park IU, Tran A, Pereira L, Fakile Y
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Jun 24;71(Suppl 1):S13-S20. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa349. PMID: 32578866Free PMC Article
Neurosyphilis in Africa: A systematic review.
Marks M, Jarvis JN, Howlett W, Mabey DCW
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017 Aug;11(8):e0005880. Epub 2017 Aug 31 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005880. PMID: 28859081Free PMC Article
Treatment of syphilis: a systematic review.
Clement ME, Okeke NL, Hicks CB
JAMA 2014 Nov 12;312(18):1905-17. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.13259. PMID: 25387188Free PMC Article
Infecting dose and severity of malaria: a literature review of induced malaria.
Glynn JR
J Trop Med Hyg 1994 Oct;97(5):300-16. PMID: 7932927

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...