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Inhalational anthrax

MedGen UID:
57841
Concept ID:
C0155866
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Inhalation anthrax
SNOMED CT: Woolsorters' disease (11389007); Respiratory anthrax (11389007); Pulmonary anthrax (11389007); Inhalational anthrax (11389007); Anthrax pneumonia (195902009); Pneumonia with anthrax (195902009)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
Concept ID:
CN307044
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0016595
Orphanet: ORPHA247257

Definition

Inhalational anthrax is a rare acute systemic infection caused by the inhalation of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> spores (e.g. through infected animal products, bioterrorism) and characterized by an initial stage where patients present with non specific symptoms (fever, cough, chills, fatigue) that is followed by an acute phase during which hemorrhagic mediastinitis occurs that can progress into meningitis, gastrointestinal involvement, and refractory shock, that can be fatal, if left untreated. [from ORDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Vietri NJ
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2018 Jun;31(3):257-262. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000446. PMID: 29570493
Sejvar JJ, Tenover FC, Stephens DS
Lancet Infect Dis 2005 May;5(5):287-95. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70113-4. PMID: 15854884
Brook I
Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002 Nov;20(5):320-5. doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00200-5. PMID: 12431866

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Oh SY, Château A, Tomatsidou A, Elli D, Gula H, Schneewind O, Missiakas D
Res Microbiol 2023 Jul-Aug;174(6):104026. Epub 2023 Jan 13 doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104026. PMID: 36646261Free PMC Article
D'Amelio E, Gentile B, Lista F, D'Amelio R
Environ Int 2015 Dec;85:133-46. Epub 2015 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.009. PMID: 26386727
Dichtwald S, Weinbroum AA
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2008 Sep;22(3):477-502. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2008.05.004. PMID: 18831299
Wenner KA, Kenner JR
Dermatol Clin 2004 Jul;22(3):247-56, v. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2004.03.001. PMID: 15207306
Quintiliani R Jr, Quintiliani R
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2003 May;9(3):221-6. doi: 10.1097/00063198-200305000-00011. PMID: 12682568

Diagnosis

Frazier AA, Franks TJ, Galvin JR
J Thorac Imaging 2006 Nov;21(4):252-8. doi: 10.1097/01.rti.0000213570.71161.84. PMID: 17110848
Sejvar JJ, Tenover FC, Stephens DS
Lancet Infect Dis 2005 May;5(5):287-95. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70113-4. PMID: 15854884
Cuneo BM
Respir Care Clin N Am 2004 Mar;10(1):75-82. doi: 10.1016/S1078-5337(03)00050-9. PMID: 15062228
Quintiliani R Jr, Quintiliani R
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2003 May;9(3):221-6. doi: 10.1097/00063198-200305000-00011. PMID: 12682568
Shafazand S, Doyle R, Ruoss S, Weinacker A, Raffin TA
Chest 1999 Nov;116(5):1369-76. doi: 10.1378/chest.116.5.1369. PMID: 10559102

Therapy

Vietri NJ
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2018 Jun;31(3):257-262. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000446. PMID: 29570493
Greig SL
Drugs 2016 May;76(7):823-30. doi: 10.1007/s40265-016-0577-0. PMID: 27085536
Kamal SM, Rashid AK, Bakar MA, Ahad MA
Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2011 Dec;1(6):496-501. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60109-3. PMID: 23569822Free PMC Article
Frazier AA, Franks TJ, Galvin JR
J Thorac Imaging 2006 Nov;21(4):252-8. doi: 10.1097/01.rti.0000213570.71161.84. PMID: 17110848
Wenner KA, Kenner JR
Dermatol Clin 2004 Jul;22(3):247-56, v. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2004.03.001. PMID: 15207306

Prognosis

Vietri NJ
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2018 Jun;31(3):257-262. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000446. PMID: 29570493
Kamal SM, Rashid AK, Bakar MA, Ahad MA
Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2011 Dec;1(6):496-501. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60109-3. PMID: 23569822Free PMC Article
Wenner KA, Kenner JR
Dermatol Clin 2004 Jul;22(3):247-56, v. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2004.03.001. PMID: 15207306
Quintiliani R Jr, Quintiliani R
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2003 May;9(3):221-6. doi: 10.1097/00063198-200305000-00011. PMID: 12682568
Brook I
Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002 Nov;20(5):320-5. doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00200-5. PMID: 12431866

Clinical prediction guides

Oosterholt SP, Della Pasqua O
Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021 Dec;87(12):4718-4725. Epub 2021 Jul 14 doi: 10.1111/bcp.14894. PMID: 33973655
Twenhafel NA
Vet Pathol 2010 Sep;47(5):819-30. Epub 2010 Jul 23 doi: 10.1177/0300985810378112. PMID: 20656900
Bravata DM, Holty JE, Wang E, Lewis R, Wise PH, McDonald KM, Owens DK
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007 Sep;161(9):896-905. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.9.896. PMID: 17768291
Bravata DM, Wang E, Holty JE, Lewis R, Wise PH, Nayak S, Liu H, McDonald KM, Owens DK
Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2006 Aug;(141):1-48. PMID: 17764208Free PMC Article
Brook I
Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002 Nov;20(5):320-5. doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00200-5. PMID: 12431866

Recent systematic reviews

Zhao F, Zhao C, Bai S, Yao L, Zhang Y
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023 Mar 13;20(6) doi: 10.3390/ijerph20065070. PMID: 36981980Free PMC Article
Chen X, Bahl P, de Silva C, Heslop D, Doolan C, Lim S, MacIntyre CR
Prehosp Disaster Med 2020 Aug;35(4):412-419. Epub 2020 Jun 4 doi: 10.1017/S1049023X20000734. PMID: 32495728
Bravata DM, Holty JE, Wang E, Lewis R, Wise PH, McDonald KM, Owens DK
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007 Sep;161(9):896-905. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.9.896. PMID: 17768291
Holty JE, Kim RY, Bravata DM
Ann Emerg Med 2006 Aug;48(2):200-11. Epub 2006 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.11.035. PMID: 16857469
Holty JE, Bravata DM, Liu H, Olshen RA, McDonald KM, Owens DK
Ann Intern Med 2006 Feb 21;144(4):270-80. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-144-4-200602210-00009. PMID: 16490913

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