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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BRV)

MedGen UID:
57837
•Concept ID:
C0155502
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: BRV; Familial benign recurrent vertigo; Familial Vestibulopathy; VERTIGO, BENIGN RECURRENT
SNOMED CT: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (111541001); Benign paroxysmal positional nystagmus (111541001); Benign recurrent vertigo (232285008); BPPV - Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (111541001)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:8000018
OMIM®: 193007

Definition

Benign recurrent vertigo (BRV), also known as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), is a common disorder affecting up to 2% of the adult population. The majority of individuals with chronic recurrent vertigo have no identifiable cause, no progression of the disorder, and no other neurologic or auditory signs. Many families have multiple affected individuals, suggesting familial transmission of the disorder with moderate to high penetrance (summary by Lee et al., 2006). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Vertigo
MedGen UID:
53006
•Concept ID:
C0042571
•
Sign or Symptom
An abnormal sensation of spinning while the body is actually stationary.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Hearing impairment
MedGen UID:
235586
•Concept ID:
C1384666
•
Disease or Syndrome
A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Gait imbalance
MedGen UID:
373028
•Concept ID:
C1836150
•
Finding
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Oscillopsia
MedGen UID:
98389
•Concept ID:
C0422980
•
Finding
A visual disturbance in which objects in the visual field appear to oscillate (jump, jiggle, vibrate).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: Effective diagnosis and treatment.
Cole SR, Honaker JA
Cleve Clin J Med 2022 Nov 1;89(11):653-662. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.21057. PMID: 36319052
Clinical Practice Guideline: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Update).
Bhattacharyya N, Gubbels SP, Schwartz SR, Edlow JA, El-Kashlan H, Fife T, Holmberg JM, Mahoney K, Hollingsworth DB, Roberts R, Seidman MD, Steiner RW, Do BT, Voelker CC, Waguespack RW, Corrigan MD
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Mar;156(3_suppl):S1-S47. doi: 10.1177/0194599816689667. PMID: 28248609
Dizziness: Approach to Evaluation and Management.
Muncie HL, Sirmans SM, James E
Am Fam Physician 2017 Feb 1;95(3):154-162. PMID: 28145669

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Central positional nystagmus: an update.
Lemos J, Strupp M
J Neurol 2022 Apr;269(4):1851-1860. Epub 2021 Oct 20 doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10852-8. PMID: 34669008
Risk factors for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen J, Zhang S, Cui K, Liu C
J Neurol 2021 Nov;268(11):4117-4127. Epub 2020 Aug 24 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10175-0. PMID: 32839838
Characteristics of assessment and treatment in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV).
Power L, Murray K, Szmulewicz DJ
J Vestib Res 2020;30(1):55-62. doi: 10.3233/VES-190687. PMID: 31839619Free PMC Article
Clinical Practice Guideline: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Update).
Bhattacharyya N, Gubbels SP, Schwartz SR, Edlow JA, El-Kashlan H, Fife T, Holmberg JM, Mahoney K, Hollingsworth DB, Roberts R, Seidman MD, Steiner RW, Do BT, Voelker CC, Waguespack RW, Corrigan MD
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Mar;156(3_suppl):S1-S47. doi: 10.1177/0194599816689667. PMID: 28248609
The epidemiology of dizziness and vertigo.
Neuhauser HK
Handb Clin Neurol 2016;137:67-82. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63437-5.00005-4. PMID: 27638063

Diagnosis

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: Effective diagnosis and treatment.
Cole SR, Honaker JA
Cleve Clin J Med 2022 Nov 1;89(11):653-662. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.21057. PMID: 36319052
Update on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Kim HJ, Park J, Kim JS
J Neurol 2021 May;268(5):1995-2000. Epub 2020 Nov 24 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10314-7. PMID: 33231724Free PMC Article
Clinical Practice Guideline: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Update).
Bhattacharyya N, Gubbels SP, Schwartz SR, Edlow JA, El-Kashlan H, Fife T, Holmberg JM, Mahoney K, Hollingsworth DB, Roberts R, Seidman MD, Steiner RW, Do BT, Voelker CC, Waguespack RW, Corrigan MD
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Mar;156(3_suppl):S1-S47. doi: 10.1177/0194599816689667. PMID: 28248609
Dizziness: Approach to Evaluation and Management.
Muncie HL, Sirmans SM, James E
Am Fam Physician 2017 Feb 1;95(3):154-162. PMID: 28145669
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: Diagnostic criteria.
von Brevern M, Bertholon P, Brandt T, Fife T, Imai T, Nuti D, Newman-Toker D
J Vestib Res 2015;25(3-4):105-17. doi: 10.3233/VES-150553. PMID: 26756126

Therapy

The Semont-Plus Maneuver or the Epley Maneuver in Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Randomized Clinical Study.
Strupp M, Mandala M, Vinck AS, Van Breda L, Salerni L, Gerb J, Bayer O, Mavrodiev V, Goldschagg N
JAMA Neurol 2023 Aug 1;80(8):798-804. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1408. PMID: 37358870Free PMC Article
Complications in sinus lifting procedures: Classification and management.
Molina A, Sanz-Sánchez I, Sanz-Martín I, Ortiz-Vigón A, Sanz M
Periodontol 2000 2022 Feb;88(1):103-115. doi: 10.1111/prd.12414. PMID: 35103321
Clinical Practice Guideline: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Update).
Bhattacharyya N, Gubbels SP, Schwartz SR, Edlow JA, El-Kashlan H, Fife T, Holmberg JM, Mahoney K, Hollingsworth DB, Roberts R, Seidman MD, Steiner RW, Do BT, Voelker CC, Waguespack RW, Corrigan MD
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Mar;156(3_suppl):S1-S47. doi: 10.1177/0194599816689667. PMID: 28248609
Vestibular paroxysmia: Diagnostic criteria.
Strupp M, Lopez-Escamez JA, Kim JS, Straumann D, Jen JC, Carey J, Bisdorff A, Brandt T
J Vestib Res 2016;26(5-6):409-415. doi: 10.3233/VES-160589. PMID: 28262641Free PMC Article
Pharmacological treatment of vertigo.
Hain TC, Uddin M
CNS Drugs 2003;17(2):85-100. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200317020-00002. PMID: 12521357

Prognosis

Complications in sinus lifting procedures: Classification and management.
Molina A, Sanz-Sánchez I, Sanz-Martín I, Ortiz-Vigón A, Sanz M
Periodontol 2000 2022 Feb;88(1):103-115. doi: 10.1111/prd.12414. PMID: 35103321
Central positional nystagmus: an update.
Lemos J, Strupp M
J Neurol 2022 Apr;269(4):1851-1860. Epub 2021 Oct 20 doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10852-8. PMID: 34669008
Risk factors for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen J, Zhang S, Cui K, Liu C
J Neurol 2021 Nov;268(11):4117-4127. Epub 2020 Aug 24 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10175-0. PMID: 32839838
Vestibular paroxysmia: Diagnostic criteria.
Strupp M, Lopez-Escamez JA, Kim JS, Straumann D, Jen JC, Carey J, Bisdorff A, Brandt T
J Vestib Res 2016;26(5-6):409-415. doi: 10.3233/VES-160589. PMID: 28262641Free PMC Article
The treatment and natural course of peripheral and central vertigo.
Strupp M, Dieterich M, Brandt T
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2013 Jul;110(29-30):505-15; quiz 515-6. Epub 2013 Jul 22 doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2013.0505. PMID: 24000301Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Central positional nystagmus: an update.
Lemos J, Strupp M
J Neurol 2022 Apr;269(4):1851-1860. Epub 2021 Oct 20 doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10852-8. PMID: 34669008
Characteristics of assessment and treatment in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV).
Power L, Murray K, Szmulewicz DJ
J Vestib Res 2020;30(1):55-62. doi: 10.3233/VES-190687. PMID: 31839619Free PMC Article
Clinical Practice Guideline: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Update).
Bhattacharyya N, Gubbels SP, Schwartz SR, Edlow JA, El-Kashlan H, Fife T, Holmberg JM, Mahoney K, Hollingsworth DB, Roberts R, Seidman MD, Steiner RW, Do BT, Voelker CC, Waguespack RW, Corrigan MD
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Mar;156(3_suppl):S1-S47. doi: 10.1177/0194599816689667. PMID: 28248609
Classification, diagnostic criteria and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Imai T, Takeda N, Ikezono T, Shigeno K, Asai M, Watanabe Y, Suzuki M; Committee for Standards in Diagnosis of Japan Society for Equilibrium Research
Auris Nasus Larynx 2017 Feb;44(1):1-6. Epub 2016 May 9 doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2016.03.013. PMID: 27174206
The epidemiology of dizziness and vertigo.
Neuhauser HK
Handb Clin Neurol 2016;137:67-82. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63437-5.00005-4. PMID: 27638063

Recent systematic reviews

Systematic Review of Bilateral Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.
Karamy B, Zhang H, Archibald J
Laryngoscope 2022 Mar;132(3):640-647. Epub 2021 May 10 doi: 10.1002/lary.29603. PMID: 33969908
Risk factors for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chen J, Zhang S, Cui K, Liu C
J Neurol 2021 Nov;268(11):4117-4127. Epub 2020 Aug 24 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10175-0. PMID: 32839838
Betahistine for symptoms of vertigo.
Murdin L, Hussain K, Schilder AG
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Jun 21;2016(6):CD010696. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010696.pub2. PMID: 27327415Free PMC Article
Vestibular rehabilitation for unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction.
McDonnell MN, Hillier SL
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Jan 13;1(1):CD005397. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005397.pub4. PMID: 25581507Free PMC Article
The Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Hilton MP, Pinder DK
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014 Dec 8;2014(12):CD003162. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003162.pub3. PMID: 25485940Free PMC Article

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