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Vulvovaginal disease

MedGen UID:
508851
•Concept ID:
C0152008
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Vulvovaginal disorder
SNOMED CT: Vulvovaginal disease (23462007); Vulvovaginal disorder (23462007)

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD), and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) consensus statement on the management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Kesic V, Carcopino X, Preti M, Vieira-Baptista P, Bevilacqua F, Bornstein J, Chargari C, Cruickshank M, Erzeneoglu E, Gallio N, Gultekin M, Heller D, Joura E, Kyrgiou M, Madić T, Planchamp F, Regauer S, Reich O, Esat Temiz B, Woelber L, Zodzika J, Stockdale C
Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023 Apr 3;33(4):446-461. doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004213. PMID: 36958755Free PMC Article
Management of postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy: recommendations of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease.
Pérez-López FR, Phillips N, Vieira-Baptista P, Cohen-Sacher B, Fialho SCAV, Stockdale CK
Gynecol Endocrinol 2021 Aug;37(8):746-752. Epub 2021 Jun 25 doi: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1943346. PMID: 34169794
Dysaesthetic penoscrotodynia: nomenclature, classification, diagnosis and treatment.
Markos AR
Int J STD AIDS 2011 Sep;22(9):483-7. doi: 10.1258/ijsa.2011.010451. PMID: 21890542

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

EuroGuiderm guideline on lichen sclerosus-Treatment of lichen sclerosus.
Kirtschig G, Kinberger M, Kreuter A, Simpson R, Günthert A, van Hees C, Becker K, Ramakers MJ, Corazza M, Müller S, von Seitzberg S, Boffa MJ, Stein R, Barbagli G, Chi CC, Dauendorffer JN, Fischer B, Gaskins M, Hiltunen-Back E, Höfinger A, Köllmann NH, Kühn H, Larsen HK, Lazzeri M, Mendling W, Nikkels AF, Promm M, Rall KK, Regauer S, Sárdy M, Sepp N, Thune T, Tsiogka A, Vassileva S, Voswinkel L, Wölber L, Werner RN
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024 Oct;38(10):1874-1909. Epub 2024 Jun 1 doi: 10.1111/jdv.20083. PMID: 38822598
The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD), and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) consensus statement on the management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Kesic V, Carcopino X, Preti M, Vieira-Baptista P, Bevilacqua F, Bornstein J, Chargari C, Cruickshank M, Erzeneoglu E, Gallio N, Gultekin M, Heller D, Joura E, Kyrgiou M, Madić T, Planchamp F, Regauer S, Reich O, Esat Temiz B, Woelber L, Zodzika J, Stockdale C
Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023 Apr 3;33(4):446-461. doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004213. PMID: 36958755Free PMC Article
The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD) and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) Consensus Statements on Pre-invasive Vulvar Lesions.
Preti M, Joura E, Vieira-Baptista P, Van Beurden M, Bevilacqua F, Bleeker MCG, Bornstein J, Carcopino X, Chargari C, Cruickshank ME, Erzeneoglu BE, Gallio N, Heller D, Kesic V, Reich O, Stockdale CK, Temiz BE, Woelber L, Planchamp F, Zodzika J, Querleu D, Gultekin M
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022 Jul 1;26(3):229-244. Epub 2022 Jun 21 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000683. PMID: 35763611Free PMC Article
Expanding the reach of probiotics through social enterprises.
Reid G, Kort R, Alvarez S, Bourdet-Sicard R, Benoit V, Cunningham M, Saulnier DM, van Hylckama Vlieg JET, Verstraelen H, Sybesma W
Benef Microbes 2018 Sep 18;9(5):707-715. Epub 2018 May 25 doi: 10.3920/BM2018.0015. PMID: 29798708
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.
Preti M, Scurry J, Marchitelli CE, Micheletti L
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2014 Oct;28(7):1051-62. Epub 2014 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.010. PMID: 25106700

Diagnosis

Bacterial vaginosis.
Braunstein M, Selk A
CMAJ 2024 Jun 2;196(21):E728. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.231688. PMID: 38830679Free PMC Article
The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD) and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) Consensus Statements on Pre-invasive Vulvar Lesions.
Preti M, Joura E, Vieira-Baptista P, Van Beurden M, Bevilacqua F, Bleeker MCG, Bornstein J, Carcopino X, Chargari C, Cruickshank ME, Erzeneoglu BE, Gallio N, Heller D, Kesic V, Reich O, Stockdale CK, Temiz BE, Woelber L, Planchamp F, Zodzika J, Querleu D, Gultekin M
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022 Jul 1;26(3):229-244. Epub 2022 Jun 21 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000683. PMID: 35763611Free PMC Article
The Vaginal Microbiome: II. Vaginal Dysbiotic Conditions.
Lev-Sagie A, De Seta F, Verstraelen H, Ventolini G, Lonnee-Hoffmann R, Vieira-Baptista P
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022 Jan 1;26(1):79-84. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000644. PMID: 34928257Free PMC Article
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.
Preti M, Scurry J, Marchitelli CE, Micheletti L
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2014 Oct;28(7):1051-62. Epub 2014 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.010. PMID: 25106700
The vulvodynia guideline.
Haefner HK, Collins ME, Davis GD, Edwards L, Foster DC, Hartmann ED, Kaufman RH, Lynch PJ, Margesson LJ, Moyal-Barracco M, Piper CK, Reed BD, Stewart EG, Wilkinson EJ
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2005 Jan;9(1):40-51. doi: 10.1097/00128360-200501000-00009. PMID: 15870521

Therapy

Bacterial vaginosis.
Braunstein M, Selk A
CMAJ 2024 Jun 2;196(21):E728. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.231688. PMID: 38830679Free PMC Article
The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD), and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) consensus statement on the management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Kesic V, Carcopino X, Preti M, Vieira-Baptista P, Bevilacqua F, Bornstein J, Chargari C, Cruickshank M, Erzeneoglu E, Gallio N, Gultekin M, Heller D, Joura E, Kyrgiou M, Madić T, Planchamp F, Regauer S, Reich O, Esat Temiz B, Woelber L, Zodzika J, Stockdale C
Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023 Apr 3;33(4):446-461. doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004213. PMID: 36958755Free PMC Article
The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD) and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) Consensus Statements on Pre-invasive Vulvar Lesions.
Preti M, Joura E, Vieira-Baptista P, Van Beurden M, Bevilacqua F, Bleeker MCG, Bornstein J, Carcopino X, Chargari C, Cruickshank ME, Erzeneoglu BE, Gallio N, Heller D, Kesic V, Reich O, Stockdale CK, Temiz BE, Woelber L, Planchamp F, Zodzika J, Querleu D, Gultekin M
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022 Jul 1;26(3):229-244. Epub 2022 Jun 21 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000683. PMID: 35763611Free PMC Article
Management of postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy: recommendations of the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease.
Pérez-López FR, Phillips N, Vieira-Baptista P, Cohen-Sacher B, Fialho SCAV, Stockdale CK
Gynecol Endocrinol 2021 Aug;37(8):746-752. Epub 2021 Jun 25 doi: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1943346. PMID: 34169794
The vulvodynia guideline.
Haefner HK, Collins ME, Davis GD, Edwards L, Foster DC, Hartmann ED, Kaufman RH, Lynch PJ, Margesson LJ, Moyal-Barracco M, Piper CK, Reed BD, Stewart EG, Wilkinson EJ
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2005 Jan;9(1):40-51. doi: 10.1097/00128360-200501000-00009. PMID: 15870521

Prognosis

EuroGuiderm guideline on lichen sclerosus-Treatment of lichen sclerosus.
Kirtschig G, Kinberger M, Kreuter A, Simpson R, Günthert A, van Hees C, Becker K, Ramakers MJ, Corazza M, Müller S, von Seitzberg S, Boffa MJ, Stein R, Barbagli G, Chi CC, Dauendorffer JN, Fischer B, Gaskins M, Hiltunen-Back E, Höfinger A, Köllmann NH, Kühn H, Larsen HK, Lazzeri M, Mendling W, Nikkels AF, Promm M, Rall KK, Regauer S, Sárdy M, Sepp N, Thune T, Tsiogka A, Vassileva S, Voswinkel L, Wölber L, Werner RN
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024 Oct;38(10):1874-1909. Epub 2024 Jun 1 doi: 10.1111/jdv.20083. PMID: 38822598
EuroGuiderm guideline on lichen sclerosus-introduction into lichen sclerosus.
Kirtschig G, Kinberger M, Kreuter A, Simpson R, Günthert A, van Hees C, Becker K, Ramakers MJ, Corazza M, Müller S, von Seitzberg S, Boffa MJ, Stein R, Barbagli G, Chi CC, Dauendorffer JN, Fischer B, Gaskins M, Hiltunen-Back E, Höfinger A, Köllmann NH, Kühn H, Larsen HK, Lazzeri M, Mendling W, Nikkels AF, Promm M, Rall KK, Regauer S, Sárdy M, Sepp N, Thune T, Tsiogka A, Vassileva S, Voswinkel L, Wölber L, Werner RN
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024 Oct;38(10):1850-1873. Epub 2024 Jun 1 doi: 10.1111/jdv.20082. PMID: 38822578
Lower Genital Tract Microbiome-A Work in Progress.
Sobel JD
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022 Jan 1;26(1):71-72. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000649. PMID: 34928255
Human Papillomavirus-Associated Anogenital Pathology in Females With HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Larish A, Yin L, Glaser G, Moore E, Bakkum-Gamez J, Routman D, Ma D, Price D, Janus J, Price K, Chintakuntlawar A, Neben-Wittich M, Foote R, Van Abel K
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Feb;164(2):369-374. Epub 2020 Jul 14 doi: 10.1177/0194599820941499. PMID: 32663054
Human papillomavirus and nonhuman papillomavirus pathways to vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: A review.
Nitecki R, Feltmate CM
Curr Probl Cancer 2018 Sep;42(5):476-485. Epub 2018 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2018.06.008. PMID: 30093165

Clinical prediction guides

Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Clinical Severity Scales and Histopathologic Correlation: A Case Series.
Pyle HJ, Evans JC, Vandergriff TW, Mauskar MM
Am J Dermatopathol 2023 Aug 1;45(8):588-592. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002471. PMID: 37462209
Learning on the Go: Assessing Knowledge Gained From Medical Podcasts Created for Vulvovaginal Disease Education.
Dmytryshyn J, Selk A
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022 Apr 1;26(2):164-168. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000654. PMID: 35067582Free PMC Article
The International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease Vaginal Wet Mount Microscopy Guidelines: How to Perform, Applications, and Interpretation.
Vieira-Baptista P, Grincevičienė Š, Oliveira C, Fonseca-Moutinho J, Cherey F, Stockdale CK
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2021 Apr 1;25(2):172-180. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000595. PMID: 33631782
Core Outcome Sets for Clinical Trials and Observational Studies in Vulvovaginal Disease.
Foster DC, Stockdale CK, Simpson R, Kirtschig G
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2017 Jul;21(3):163-165. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000320. PMID: 28644190
Clinical antibiotic response of mycoplasma and ureaplasma in patients with symptomatic recurrent vulvovaginal colonization.
Ventolini G, Lee M
J Reprod Med 2011 Mar-Apr;56(3-4):138-41. PMID: 21542531

Recent systematic reviews

The Relationship Between Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Provoked Vulvodynia: A Systematic Review.
Leusink P, van de Pasch S, Teunissen D, Laan ET, Lagro-Janssen AL
J Sex Med 2018 Sep;15(9):1310-1321. Epub 2018 Aug 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.07.011. PMID: 30145093
Role of HIV exposure and infection in relation to neonatal GBS disease and rectovaginal GBS carriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cools P, van de Wijgert JHHM, Jespers V, Crucitti T, Sanders EJ, Verstraelen H, Vaneechoutte M
Sci Rep 2017 Oct 23;7(1):13820. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13218-1. PMID: 29062060Free PMC Article

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