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Growth retardation

MedGen UID:
56240
•Concept ID:
C0151686
•
Pathologic Function
Synonym: Retarded growth
SNOMED CT: Growth retardation (444896005); Growth retardation (59576002); Decreased growth (59576002); Growth suppression (59576002)

Definition

Stature that is smaller than normal as expected for age. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVGrowth retardation

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
Wozniak JR, Riley EP, Charness ME
Lancet Neurol 2019 Aug;18(8):760-770. Epub 2019 May 31 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30150-4. PMID: 31160204Free PMC Article
Clinical Practice Guideline: Tonsillectomy in Children (Update)-Executive Summary.
Mitchell RB, Archer SM, Ishman SL, Rosenfeld RM, Coles S, Finestone SA, Friedman NR, Giordano T, Hildrew DM, Kim TW, Lloyd RM, Parikh SR, Shulman ST, Walner DL, Walsh SA, Nnacheta LC
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Feb;160(2):187-205. doi: 10.1177/0194599818807917. PMID: 30921525
Diagnosis and management of Silver-Russell syndrome: first international consensus statement.
Wakeling EL, Brioude F, Lokulo-Sodipe O, O'Connell SM, Salem J, Bliek J, Canton AP, Chrzanowska KH, Davies JH, Dias RP, Dubern B, Elbracht M, Giabicani E, Grimberg A, Grønskov K, Hokken-Koelega AC, Jorge AA, Kagami M, Linglart A, Maghnie M, Mohnike K, Monk D, Moore GE, Murray PG, Ogata T, Petit IO, Russo S, Said E, Toumba M, Tümer Z, Binder G, Eggermann T, Harbison MD, Temple IK, Mackay DJ, Netchine I
Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017 Feb;13(2):105-124. Epub 2016 Sep 2 doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.138. PMID: 27585961

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Guideline No. 442: Fetal Growth Restriction: Screening, Diagnosis, and Management in Singleton Pregnancies.
Kingdom J, Ashwal E, Lausman A, Liauw J, Soliman N, Figueiro-Filho E, Nash C, Bujold E, Melamed N
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2023 Oct;45(10):102154. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.05.022. PMID: 37730302
Counterpoint.
Gardosi J
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Jan;220(1):74-82. Epub 2018 Oct 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.10.006. PMID: 30315787
Point.
Ganzevoort W, Thilaganathan B, Baschat A, Gordijn SJ
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Jan;220(1):74-82. Epub 2018 Oct 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.10.007. PMID: 30315784
Intrauterine growth restriction - part 1.
Sharma D, Shastri S, Farahbakhsh N, Sharma P
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016 Dec;29(24):3977-87. Epub 2016 Mar 7 doi: 10.3109/14767058.2016.1152249. PMID: 26856409
Update on the diagnosis and classification of fetal growth restriction and proposal of a stage-based management protocol.
Figueras F, Gratacós E
Fetal Diagn Ther 2014;36(2):86-98. Epub 2014 Jan 23 doi: 10.1159/000357592. PMID: 24457811

Diagnosis

Guideline No. 442: Fetal Growth Restriction: Screening, Diagnosis, and Management in Singleton Pregnancies.
Kingdom J, Ashwal E, Lausman A, Liauw J, Soliman N, Figueiro-Filho E, Nash C, Bujold E, Melamed N
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2023 Oct;45(10):102154. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.05.022. PMID: 37730302
Fetal Growth Restriction: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 227.
Obstet Gynecol 2021 Feb 1;137(2):e16-e28. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004251. PMID: 33481528
ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 204: Fetal Growth Restriction.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics and the Society forMaternal-FetalMedicin
Obstet Gynecol 2019 Feb;133(2):e97-e109. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003070. PMID: 30681542
Intrauterine growth restriction - part 1.
Sharma D, Shastri S, Farahbakhsh N, Sharma P
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016 Dec;29(24):3977-87. Epub 2016 Mar 7 doi: 10.3109/14767058.2016.1152249. PMID: 26856409
Update on the diagnosis and classification of fetal growth restriction and proposal of a stage-based management protocol.
Figueras F, Gratacós E
Fetal Diagn Ther 2014;36(2):86-98. Epub 2014 Jan 23 doi: 10.1159/000357592. PMID: 24457811

Therapy

Guideline No. 442: Fetal Growth Restriction: Screening, Diagnosis, and Management in Singleton Pregnancies.
Kingdom J, Ashwal E, Lausman A, Liauw J, Soliman N, Figueiro-Filho E, Nash C, Bujold E, Melamed N
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2023 Oct;45(10):102154. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.05.022. PMID: 37730302
Iron deficiency and common neurodevelopmental disorders-A scoping review.
McWilliams S, Singh I, Leung W, Stockler S, Ipsiroglu OS
PLoS One 2022;17(9):e0273819. Epub 2022 Sep 29 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273819. PMID: 36173945Free PMC Article
Clinical Opinion: The diagnosis and management of suspected fetal growth restriction: an evidence-based approach.
Lees CC, Romero R, Stampalija T, Dall'Asta A, DeVore GA, Prefumo F, Frusca T, Visser GHA, Hobbins JC, Baschat AA, Bilardo CM, Galan HL, Campbell S, Maulik D, Figueras F, Lee W, Unterscheider J, Valensise H, Da Silva Costa F, Salomon LJ, Poon LC, Ferrazzi E, Mari G, Rizzo G, Kingdom JC, Kiserud T, Hecher K
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Mar;226(3):366-378. Epub 2022 Jan 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.11.1357. PMID: 35026129Free PMC Article
Omega-3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy.
Middleton P, Gomersall JC, Gould JF, Shepherd E, Olsen SF, Makrides M
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Nov 15;11(11):CD003402. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003402.pub3. PMID: 30480773Free PMC Article
Craniopharyngioma.
Müller HL
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;124:235-53. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59602-4.00016-2. PMID: 25248591

Prognosis

Fetal growth restriction: current knowledge.
Nardozza LM, Caetano AC, Zamarian AC, Mazzola JB, Silva CP, Marçal VM, Lobo TF, Peixoto AB, Araujo Júnior E
Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017 May;295(5):1061-1077. Epub 2017 Mar 11 doi: 10.1007/s00404-017-4341-9. PMID: 28285426
The epidemiology of low birthweight.
Kramer MS
Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser 2013;74:1-10. Epub 2013 Jul 18 doi: 10.1159/000348382. PMID: 23887099
Sirenomelia.
Banerjee A, Faridi MM, Banerjee TK, Mandal RN, Aggarwal A
Indian J Pediatr 2003 Jul;70(7):589-91. doi: 10.1007/BF02723165. PMID: 12940384
Neuromaturation of multiples.
Allen MC, Donohue PK
Semin Neonatol 2002 Jun;7(3):211-21. doi: 10.1053/siny.2002.0108. PMID: 12234745
Smoking and reproduction.
Lincoln R
Fam Plann Perspect 1986 Mar-Apr;18(2):79-84. PMID: 3539634

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical utility of sFlt-1 and PlGF in screening, prediction, diagnosis and monitoring of pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
Stepan H, Galindo A, Hund M, Schlembach D, Sillman J, Surbek D, Vatish M
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023 Feb;61(2):168-180. doi: 10.1002/uog.26032. PMID: 35816445
Clinical significance of cerebroplacental ratio.
Kalafat E, Khalil A
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2018 Dec;30(6):344-354. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000490. PMID: 30299319
Gastroschisis: antenatal sonographic predictors of adverse neonatal outcome.
Page R, Ferraro ZM, Moretti F, Fung KF
J Pregnancy 2014;2014:239406. Epub 2014 Dec 22 doi: 10.1155/2014/239406. PMID: 25587450Free PMC Article
Predictive factors for intrauterine growth restriction.
Albu AR, Anca AF, Horhoianu VV, Horhoianu IA
J Med Life 2014 Jun 15;7(2):165-71. Epub 2014 Jun 25 PMID: 25408721Free PMC Article
Biometric assessment.
Kiserud T, Johnsen SL
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2009 Dec;23(6):819-31. Epub 2009 Jul 26 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2009.06.007. PMID: 19632901

Recent systematic reviews

Do Vegetarian Diets Provide Adequate Nutrient Intake during Complementary Feeding? A Systematic Review.
Simeone G, Bergamini M, Verga MC, Cuomo B, D'Antonio G, Iacono ID, Mauro DD, Mauro FD, Mauro GD, Leonardi L, Miniello VL, Palma F, Scotese I, Tezza G, Vania A, Caroli M
Nutrients 2022 Aug 31;14(17) doi: 10.3390/nu14173591. PMID: 36079848Free PMC Article
COVID-19 vaccine and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Carbone L, Trinchillo MG, Di Girolamo R, Raffone A, Saccone G, Iorio GG, Gabrielli O, Maruotti GM
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2022 Dec;159(3):651-661. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14336. PMID: 35810414Free PMC Article
Gastroschisis: a systematic review of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
Ferreira RG, Mendonça CR, Gonçalves Ramos LL, de Abreu Tacon FS, Naves do Amaral W, Ruano R
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022 Dec;35(25):6199-6212. Epub 2021 Apr 25 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1909563. PMID: 33899664
Aspirin Prophylaxis During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Choi YJ, Shin S
Am J Prev Med 2021 Jul;61(1):e31-e45. Epub 2021 Mar 30 doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.01.032. PMID: 33795180
Association of Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Small for Gestational Age Status With Childhood Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Sacchi C, Marino C, Nosarti C, Vieno A, Visentin S, Simonelli A
JAMA Pediatr 2020 Aug 1;174(8):772-781. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1097. PMID: 32453414Free PMC Article

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