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Mirror Writing

MedGen UID:
7659
•Concept ID:
C0026210
•
Sign or Symptom
Synonyms: Mirror Writings; Writing, Mirror; Writings, Mirror

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The mirror reflects more for d than for b: Right asymmetry bias on the visual recognition of words containing reversal letters.
Soares AP, Lages A, Oliveira H, Hernández J
J Exp Child Psychol 2019 Jun;182:18-37. Epub 2019 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.01.008. PMID: 30782560
Experimental confirmation of a character-facing bias in literacy development.
McIntosh RD, Anderson EL, Henderson RM
J Exp Child Psychol 2018 Jun;170:207-214. Epub 2018 Feb 21 doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.01.011. PMID: 29472110
Mirror writing in 5- to 6-year-old children: The preferred hand is not the explanation.
Fischer JP, Koch AM
Laterality 2016;21(1):34-49. Epub 2015 Sep 3 doi: 10.1080/1357650X.2015.1066383. PMID: 26333384
Mirror writing ability is genetic and probably transmitted as a sex-linked dominant trait: it is hypothesised that mirror writers have bilateral language centres with a callosal interconnection.
Mathewson I
Med Hypotheses 2004;62(5):733-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.039. PMID: 15082098
Mirror writing in the elderly.
Wang X, Cai X, Chen H
Chin Med J (Engl) 1998 Jul;111(7):641-3. PMID: 11245054

Diagnosis

Persistent Idiopathic Mirror Writing in a Right-Handed Healthy Young Woman: A Case Report.
AlAmer NA, AlShamlan NA
Am J Case Rep 2020 Sep 7;21:e926438. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.926438. PMID: 32894744Free PMC Article
'Directional apraxia': a unitary account of mirror writing following brain injury or as found in normal young children.
Della Sala S, Cubelli R
J Neuropsychol 2007 Mar;1(1):3-26. doi: 10.1348/174866407x180783. PMID: 19331022
Mirror writing and reversing single letters in stroke patients and normal elderly.
Balfour S, Borthwick S, Cubelli R, Della Sala S
J Neurol 2007 Apr;254(4):436-41. Epub 2007 Mar 22 doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0384-8. PMID: 17380244
Mirror writing in a patient with Alzheimer disease.
de Silva HA, Gunatilake SB
Ceylon Med J 2005 Sep;50(3):126-8. doi: 10.4038/cmj.v50i3.1433. PMID: 16252579
Left alien hand sign and mirror writing after left anterior cerebral artery infarction.
Hanakita J, Nishi S
Surg Neurol 1991 Apr;35(4):290-3. doi: 10.1016/0090-3019(91)90007-v. PMID: 2008645

Therapy

Mirror writing ability is genetic and probably transmitted as a sex-linked dominant trait: it is hypothesised that mirror writers have bilateral language centres with a callosal interconnection.
Mathewson I
Med Hypotheses 2004;62(5):733-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.039. PMID: 15082098

Prognosis

"Leap before you look": Conditions that suppress explicit, knowledge-based learning during visuomotor adaptation.
Savalia T, Cowell RA, Huber DE
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 2024 Aug;50(8):785-807. Epub 2024 May 16 doi: 10.1037/xhp0001210. PMID: 38753411Free PMC Article
Mirror writing in a patient with Alzheimer disease.
de Silva HA, Gunatilake SB
Ceylon Med J 2005 Sep;50(3):126-8. doi: 10.4038/cmj.v50i3.1433. PMID: 16252579

Clinical prediction guides

Preventing the Development of Dyslexia: A Reply to Mather.
Fischer JP
Percept Mot Skills 2023 Aug;130(4):1415-1432. Epub 2023 May 29 doi: 10.1177/00315125231179780. PMID: 37247415
The mirror reflects more for d than for b: Right asymmetry bias on the visual recognition of words containing reversal letters.
Soares AP, Lages A, Oliveira H, Hernández J
J Exp Child Psychol 2019 Jun;182:18-37. Epub 2019 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.01.008. PMID: 30782560
Mirror writing and reversing single letters in stroke patients and normal elderly.
Balfour S, Borthwick S, Cubelli R, Della Sala S
J Neurol 2007 Apr;254(4):436-41. Epub 2007 Mar 22 doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0384-8. PMID: 17380244
Mirror writing, left-handedness, and leftward scripts.
Schott GD, Schott JM
Arch Neurol 2004 Dec;61(12):1849-51. doi: 10.1001/archneur.61.12.1849. PMID: 15596604
Mirror writing in right-handers and in left-handers: a study using Chinese characters.
Yang MJ
Neuropsychologia 1997 Nov;35(11):1491-8. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(97)00071-7. PMID: 9352527

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