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Dirofilariasis

MedGen UID:
4344
Concept ID:
C0012602
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Dirofilariases; Disease, Heartworm; Heartworm Disease
SNOMED CT: Infection by Dirofilaria (73328005); Dirofilariasis (73328005); Dirofilariosis (73328005); Infection caused by Dirofilaria (73328005)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
Concept ID:
CN307044
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0015636
Orphanet: ORPHA166291

Definition

Dirofilariasis is a form of filariasis (see this term), caused by the filarial nematode of the genus <i>Dirofilaria</i> (including <i>Dirofilaria repens</i>, <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i>), which is transmitted by mosquitoes. The disease is characterized by the presence of subcutaneous nodules (or a conjunctival form that develops slowly and that can be painless to tender), edema and erythema at the site of parasite localization, a feeling of 'crawling' under the skin, and the ''Calabar'' swelling (similar to thatin loiasis (see this term). The latter may last a few days and recurrences are possible. Common localizations of dirofilaria are head and neck, most commonly in the periorbital region, the limbs and trunk. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDirofilariasis
Follow this link to review classifications for Dirofilariasis in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Theodore SG, Sawkins HJ, Mathew M, Yadav S, Norton R
Med J Aust 2023 Nov 20;219(10):455-456. Epub 2023 Sep 27 doi: 10.5694/mja2.52115. PMID: 37758235
Oshima K
Jpn J Infect Dis 2023 Sep 22;76(5):310-313. Epub 2023 May 31 doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2022.617. PMID: 37258177
Wijekoon N, Antony D, Muhunthan T, Samarasinghe M
Pediatr Surg Int 2022 Dec 21;39(1):55. doi: 10.1007/s00383-022-05348-z. PMID: 36542175

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Balendran T, Yatawara L, Wickramasinghe S
Acta Parasitol 2022 Jun;67(2):628-639. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1007/s11686-022-00543-3. PMID: 35380404
Riebenbauer K, Weber PB, Walochnik J, Karlhofer F, Winkler S, Dorfer S, Auer H, Valencak J, Laimer M, Handisurya A
Parasit Vectors 2021 Apr 29;14(1):227. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04696-4. PMID: 33926526Free PMC Article
Arbune M, Dobre M
Acta Parasitol 2015 Sep;60(3):485-7. doi: 10.1515/ap-2015-0068. PMID: 26204187
Genchi C, Kramer LH, Rivasi F
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011 Oct;11(10):1307-17. Epub 2011 Mar 21 doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0247. PMID: 21417922
Juckett G
Am Fam Physician 1997 Nov 1;56(7):1763-74, 1777-8. PMID: 9371008

Diagnosis

Wylęgała A, Wróblewska-Czajka E, Wylęgała E
Am J Ophthalmol 2022 Jan;233:e1. Epub 2021 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.10.016. PMID: 34695396
Saha BK, Bonnier A, Chong WH, Chieng H, Austin A, Hu K, Shkolnik B
Am J Med Sci 2022 Jan;363(1):11-17. Epub 2021 Oct 16 doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.07.017. PMID: 34666060
Desai RS, Pai N, Nehete AP, Singh JS
Indian J Med Microbiol 2015 Oct-Dec;33(4):593-4. doi: 10.4103/0255-0857.167342. PMID: 26470974
Juckett G
Am Fam Physician 1997 Nov 1;56(7):1763-74, 1777-8. PMID: 9371008
Goscienski PJ
Pediatr Infect Dis 1983 Jan-Feb;2(1):69-81. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198301000-00018. PMID: 6340080

Therapy

Genchi M, Kramer L, Venco L, Ciuca L, Vismarra A
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2023 Nov;46:100934. Epub 2023 Sep 29 doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100934. PMID: 37935535
Geary TG
Parasit Vectors 2023 Jul 21;16(1):247. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05762-9. PMID: 37480077Free PMC Article
Chai JY, Jung BK, Hong SJ
Korean J Parasitol 2021 Jun;59(3):189-225. Epub 2021 Jun 21 doi: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189. PMID: 34218593Free PMC Article
Radovanović Spurnić AP, Stevanović G, Dakić Z, Ofori Belić I, Spurnić I, Pelemiš M
Med Pregl 2015 Jul-Aug;68(7-8):273-6. doi: 10.2298/mpns1508273r. PMID: 26591641
McCall JW, Genchi C, Kramer LH, Guerrero J, Venco L
Adv Parasitol 2008;66:193-285. doi: 10.1016/S0065-308X(08)00204-2. PMID: 18486691

Prognosis

Riebenbauer K, Weber PB, Walochnik J, Karlhofer F, Winkler S, Dorfer S, Auer H, Valencak J, Laimer M, Handisurya A
Parasit Vectors 2021 Apr 29;14(1):227. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04696-4. PMID: 33926526Free PMC Article
Mestel R
Nature 2017 Mar 29;543(7647):S42-S43. doi: 10.1038/543S42a. PMID: 28355193
Genchi C, Kramer LH, Rivasi F
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011 Oct;11(10):1307-17. Epub 2011 Mar 21 doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0247. PMID: 21417922
Rolston KV, Rodriguez S, Dholakia N, Whimbey E, Raad I
Support Care Cancer 1997 Mar;5(2):90-3. doi: 10.1007/BF01262563. PMID: 9069606
Davis BR
Dermatol Clin 1989 Apr;7(2):313-21. PMID: 2670375

Clinical prediction guides

Riebenbauer K, Weber PB, Walochnik J, Karlhofer F, Winkler S, Dorfer S, Auer H, Valencak J, Laimer M, Handisurya A
Parasit Vectors 2021 Apr 29;14(1):227. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04696-4. PMID: 33926526Free PMC Article
Carretón E, Morchón R, Montoya-Alonso JA
Parasit Vectors 2017 Nov 9;10(Suppl 2):534. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2448-2. PMID: 29143665Free PMC Article
Genchi C, Kramer LH, Rivasi F
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011 Oct;11(10):1307-17. Epub 2011 Mar 21 doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0247. PMID: 21417922
Simón F, Kramer LH, Román A, Blasini W, Morchón R, Marcos-Atxutegi C, Grandi G, Genchi C
Vet Res Commun 2007 Feb;31(2):161-71. Epub 2006 Dec 23 doi: 10.1007/s11259-006-3387-0. PMID: 17216316
Goscienski PJ
Pediatr Infect Dis 1983 Jan-Feb;2(1):69-81. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198301000-00018. PMID: 6340080

Recent systematic reviews

Balendran T, Yatawara L, Wickramasinghe S
Acta Parasitol 2022 Jun;67(2):628-639. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1007/s11686-022-00543-3. PMID: 35380404
Riebenbauer K, Weber PB, Walochnik J, Karlhofer F, Winkler S, Dorfer S, Auer H, Valencak J, Laimer M, Handisurya A
Parasit Vectors 2021 Apr 29;14(1):227. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04696-4. PMID: 33926526Free PMC Article
Ghasemi E, Shamsinia S, Taghipour A, Anvari D, Bahadory S, Shariatzadeh SA, Kordi B, Majidiani H, Borji H, Chaechi Nosrati M, Yousefi A, Shams M
Parasitology 2020 Aug;147(9):909-921. Epub 2020 Apr 6 doi: 10.1017/S003118202000058X. PMID: 32249728Free PMC Article

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