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Herpetic acute necrotizing encephalitis

MedGen UID:
1318
•Concept ID:
C0001338
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis, Herpetic; Herpetic Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis
SNOMED CT: Herpetic acute necrotizing encephalitis (76474001)

Professional guidelines

PubMed

International Consensus Recommendations for the Treatment of Pediatric NMDAR Antibody Encephalitis.
Nosadini M, Thomas T, Eyre M, Anlar B, Armangue T, Benseler SM, Cellucci T, Deiva K, Gallentine W, Gombolay G, Gorman MP, Hacohen Y, Jiang Y, Lim BC, Muscal E, Ndondo A, Neuteboom R, Rostásy K, Sakuma H, Sharma S, Tenembaum SN, Van Mater HA, Wells E, Wickstrom R, Yeshokumar AK, Irani SR, Dalmau J, Lim M, Dale RC
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2021 Jul;8(5) Epub 2021 Jul 22 doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001052. PMID: 34301820Free PMC Article
Acute encephalitis - diagnosis and management.
Ellul M, Solomon T
Clin Med (Lond) 2018 Mar;18(2):155-159. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-2-155. PMID: 29626021Free PMC Article
Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Encephalitis in Adults: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management.
Bradshaw MJ, Venkatesan A
Neurotherapeutics 2016 Jul;13(3):493-508. doi: 10.1007/s13311-016-0433-7. PMID: 27106239Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

State of the Art: Acute Encephalitis.
Bloch KC, Glaser C, Gaston D, Venkatesan A
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Sep 11;77(5):e14-e33. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad306. PMID: 37485952
Immunomodulatory Strategies in Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis.
Piret J, Boivin G
Clin Microbiol Rev 2020 Mar 18;33(2) Epub 2020 Feb 12 doi: 10.1128/CMR.00105-19. PMID: 32051176Free PMC Article
Frequency, symptoms, risk factors, and outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis: a prospective observational study and retrospective analysis.
Armangue T, Spatola M, Vlagea A, Mattozzi S, Cárceles-Cordon M, Martinez-Heras E, Llufriu S, Muchart J, Erro ME, Abraira L, Moris G, Monros-Giménez L, Corral-Corral Í, Montejo C, Toledo M, Bataller L, Secondi G, Ariño H, Martínez-Hernández E, Juan M, Marcos MA, Alsina L, Saiz A, Rosenfeld MR, Graus F, Dalmau J; Spanish Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Study Group
Lancet Neurol 2018 Sep;17(9):760-772. Epub 2018 Jul 23 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30244-8. PMID: 30049614Free PMC Article
Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections.
Pinninti SG, Kimberlin DW
Semin Perinatol 2018 Apr;42(3):168-175. Epub 2018 Mar 12 doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2018.02.004. PMID: 29544668
Autoimmune encephalopathies.
Leypoldt F, Armangue T, Dalmau J
Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015 Mar;1338(1):94-114. Epub 2014 Oct 14 doi: 10.1111/nyas.12553. PMID: 25315420Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

State of the Art: Acute Encephalitis.
Bloch KC, Glaser C, Gaston D, Venkatesan A
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Sep 11;77(5):e14-e33. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad306. PMID: 37485952
Viral Encephalitis in Adults: A Narrative Review.
Siciliano V, Rosà T, Del Vecchio P, D'Angelillo A, Brigida M, Longhitano Y, Zanza C, Santoro MC, Candelli M, Franceschi F, Piccioni A
Rev Recent Clin Trials 2022;17(4):259-267. doi: 10.2174/1574887116666211118141117. PMID: 34792015
Herpes simplex virus encephalitis update.
Stahl JP, Mailles A
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2019 Jun;32(3):239-243. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000554. PMID: 30921087
Frequency, symptoms, risk factors, and outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis: a prospective observational study and retrospective analysis.
Armangue T, Spatola M, Vlagea A, Mattozzi S, Cárceles-Cordon M, Martinez-Heras E, Llufriu S, Muchart J, Erro ME, Abraira L, Moris G, Monros-Giménez L, Corral-Corral Í, Montejo C, Toledo M, Bataller L, Secondi G, Ariño H, Martínez-Hernández E, Juan M, Marcos MA, Alsina L, Saiz A, Rosenfeld MR, Graus F, Dalmau J; Spanish Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Study Group
Lancet Neurol 2018 Sep;17(9):760-772. Epub 2018 Jul 23 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30244-8. PMID: 30049614Free PMC Article
Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Encephalitis in Adults: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management.
Bradshaw MJ, Venkatesan A
Neurotherapeutics 2016 Jul;13(3):493-508. doi: 10.1007/s13311-016-0433-7. PMID: 27106239Free PMC Article

Therapy

State of the Art: Acute Encephalitis.
Bloch KC, Glaser C, Gaston D, Venkatesan A
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Sep 11;77(5):e14-e33. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad306. PMID: 37485952
Herpes simplex virus encephalitis update.
Stahl JP, Mailles A
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2019 Jun;32(3):239-243. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000554. PMID: 30921087
Acute Viral Encephalitis.
Tyler KL
N Engl J Med 2018 Aug 9;379(6):557-566. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1708714. PMID: 30089069
Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Encephalitis in Adults: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management.
Bradshaw MJ, Venkatesan A
Neurotherapeutics 2016 Jul;13(3):493-508. doi: 10.1007/s13311-016-0433-7. PMID: 27106239Free PMC Article
Acyclovir: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, safety and clinical applications.
Gnann JW Jr, Barton NH, Whitley RJ
Pharmacotherapy 1983 Sep-Oct;3(5):275-83. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-9114.1983.tb03274.x. PMID: 6359082

Prognosis

Neurologic complications in herpes simplex encephalitis: clinical, immunological and genetic studies.
Armangué T, Olivé-Cirera G, Martínez-Hernandez E, Rodes M, Peris-Sempere V, Guasp M, Ruiz R, Palou E, González A, Marcos MÁ, Erro ME, Bataller L, Corral-Corral Í, Planagumà J, Caballero E, Vlagea A, Chen J, Bastard P, Materna M, Marchal A, Abel L, Cobat A, Alsina L, Fortuny C, Saiz A, Mignot E, Vanderver A, Casanova JL, Zhang SY, Dalmau J
Brain 2023 Oct 3;146(10):4306-4319. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad238. PMID: 37453099
The immunobiology of autoimmune encephalitides.
Alexopoulos H, Dalakas MC
J Autoimmun 2019 Nov;104:102339. Epub 2019 Oct 11 doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102339. PMID: 31611142
Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections.
Pinninti SG, Kimberlin DW
Semin Perinatol 2018 Apr;42(3):168-175. Epub 2018 Mar 12 doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2018.02.004. PMID: 29544668
Acute viral encephalitis.
Rozenberg F
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;112:1171-81. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52910-7.00038-6. PMID: 23622326
Management of suspected viral encephalitis in adults--Association of British Neurologists and British Infection Association National Guidelines.
Solomon T, Michael BD, Smith PE, Sanderson F, Davies NW, Hart IJ, Holland M, Easton A, Buckley C, Kneen R, Beeching NJ; National Encephalitis Guidelines Development and Stakeholder Groups
J Infect 2012 Apr;64(4):347-73. Epub 2011 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.11.014. PMID: 22120595

Clinical prediction guides

The immunobiology of herpes simplex virus encephalitis and post-viral autoimmunity.
Cleaver J, Jeffery K, Klenerman P, Lim M, Handunnetthi L, Irani SR, Handel A
Brain 2024 Apr 4;147(4):1130-1148. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad419. PMID: 38092513Free PMC Article
Herpes Simplex Virus 1-Induced Ferroptosis Contributes to Viral Encephalitis.
Xu XQ, Xu T, Ji W, Wang C, Ren Y, Xiong X, Zhou X, Lin SH, Xu Y, Qiu Y
mBio 2023 Feb 28;14(1):e0237022. Epub 2022 Dec 12 doi: 10.1128/mbio.02370-22. PMID: 36507835Free PMC Article
Pathogenesis and virulence of herpes simplex virus.
Zhu S, Viejo-Borbolla A
Virulence 2021 Dec;12(1):2670-2702. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1982373. PMID: 34676800Free PMC Article
Frequency, symptoms, risk factors, and outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis: a prospective observational study and retrospective analysis.
Armangue T, Spatola M, Vlagea A, Mattozzi S, Cárceles-Cordon M, Martinez-Heras E, Llufriu S, Muchart J, Erro ME, Abraira L, Moris G, Monros-Giménez L, Corral-Corral Í, Montejo C, Toledo M, Bataller L, Secondi G, Ariño H, Martínez-Hernández E, Juan M, Marcos MA, Alsina L, Saiz A, Rosenfeld MR, Graus F, Dalmau J; Spanish Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Study Group
Lancet Neurol 2018 Sep;17(9):760-772. Epub 2018 Jul 23 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30244-8. PMID: 30049614Free PMC Article
Encephalitis associated with antibodies against the NMDA receptor.
Guasp M, Dalmau J
Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Jul 23;151(2):71-79. Epub 2017 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.10.015. PMID: 29183618

Recent systematic reviews

Steroids for the treatment of viral encephalitis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Hodzic E, Hasbun R, Granillo A, Tröscher AR, Wagner H, von Oertzen TJ, Wagner JN
J Neurol 2023 Jul;270(7):3603-3615. Epub 2023 Apr 15 doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11715-0. PMID: 37060361Free PMC Article
Diagnostic accuracy of rapid one-step PCR assays for detection of herpes simplex virus-1 and -2 in cerebrospinal fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Vaugon E, Mircescu A, Caya C, Yao M, Gore G, Dendukuri N, Papenburg J
Clin Microbiol Infect 2022 Dec;28(12):1547-1557. Epub 2022 Jun 17 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.06.004. PMID: 35718347
Tics in patients with encephalitis.
Badenoch J, Searle T, Watson I, Cavanna AE
Neurol Sci 2021 Apr;42(4):1311-1323. Epub 2021 Jan 23 doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05065-w. PMID: 33486621Free PMC Article
Diagnostic test accuracy of the BioFire® FilmArray® meningitis/encephalitis panel: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tansarli GS, Chapin KC
Clin Microbiol Infect 2020 Mar;26(3):281-290. Epub 2019 Nov 21 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.11.016. PMID: 31760115
Management of adult infectious encephalitis in metropolitan France.
Goulenok T, Buzelé R, Duval X, Bruneel F, Stahl JP, Fantin B
Med Mal Infect 2017 May;47(3):206-220. Epub 2017 Mar 20 doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2017.01.006. PMID: 28336304

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