MedGen

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with 2 cardinal features: a granulocytic differentiation block and reciprocal and balanced translocations that always involve rearrangement of the RARA gene (180240). The most frequent translocation is t(15,17)(q21;q22), which fuses the RARA gene with the PML gene (102578) and represents more than 98% of APL (Vitoux et al., 2007). [from OMIM]

Immunodeficiency-11A is an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by normal numbers of T and B lymphocytes, but defective intracellular signaling. There is a block in B-cell differentiation with increased numbers of transitional B cells and hypogammaglobulinemia, as well as decreased numbers of regulatory T cells and defects in T-cell function (summary by Greil et al., 2013 and Stepensky et al., 2013). [from OMIM]

X-linked multisystem autoinflammatory disease with immune dysregulation (ADMIDX) is an X-linked recessive disorder with onset of symptoms in infancy or early childhood. Affected individuals may present with variable cytopenias, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, or hypogammaglobulinemia, and systemic or organ-specific autoinflammatory manifestations. These include skin lesions, panniculitis, inflammatory bowel disease, pulmonary disease, or arthritis associated with recurrent fever, leukocytosis, lymphoproliferation, and hepatosplenomegaly in the absence of an infectious agent. Some patients have circulating autoantibodies that underlie the cytopenias or systemic features, whereas others do not have circulating autoantibodies. In addition, some patients have recurrent infections, whereas others do not show signs of an immunodeficiency. Laboratory studies are consistent with immune dysregulation, including altered B-cell subsets and variably elevated proinflammatory cytokines. Detailed functional studies of platelets, red cells, and T lymphocytes suggest that abnormal actin cytoskeleton remodeling is a basic defect, indicating that this disorder can be classified as an immune-related actinopathy. Severe complications of the disease may result in death in childhood (Boussard et al., 2023; Block et al., 2023). [from OMIM]