MedGen

A well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm of low, intermediate, or high grade arising from the digestive system. It is characterized by the presence of cells with features similar to those of the normal endocrine cells of the digestive system. The neoplastic cells express immunohistochemical evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation and hormones. [from NCI]

A rare, very aggressive neuroendocrine neoplasm characterized by the presence of nodular mass(es) arising from the neck, fundus or body of the gallbladder or by diffuse thickening of the gallbladder wall. Patients may be asymptomatic (diagnosed incidentally after surgical resection of the gallbladder) or may present epigastric pain, abdominal mass and/or non-specific symptoms, such as nausea, jaundice, flushing, cough, wheezing, ascites, and anepithymia. Paraneoplastic syndromes, such as Cushing syndrome, hypercalcemia, acanthosis nigricans, bullous pemphigoid, dermatomyositis and the Leser-Trélat sign, may be associated. [from ORDO]

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a cardiac electrophysiologic disorder, characterized by QT prolongation and T-wave abnormalities on the EKG that are associated with tachyarrhythmias, typically the ventricular tachycardia torsade de pointes (TdP). TdP is usually self-terminating, thus causing a syncopal event, the most common symptom in individuals with LQTS. Such cardiac events typically occur during exercise and emotional stress, less frequently during sleep, and usually without warning. In some instances, TdP degenerates to ventricular fibrillation and causes aborted cardiac arrest (if the individual is defibrillated) or sudden death. Approximately 50% of untreated individuals with a pathogenic variant in one of the genes associated with LQTS have symptoms, usually one to a few syncopal events. While cardiac events may occur from infancy through middle age, they are most common from the preteen years through the 20s. Some types of LQTS are associated with a phenotype extending beyond cardiac arrhythmia. In addition to the prolonged QT interval, associations include muscle weakness and facial dysmorphism in Andersen-Tawil syndrome (LQTS type 7); hand/foot, facial, and neurodevelopmental features in Timothy syndrome (LQTS type 8); and profound sensorineural hearing loss in Jervell and Lange-Nielson syndrome. [from GeneReviews]

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a cardiac electrophysiologic disorder, characterized by QT prolongation and T-wave abnormalities on the EKG that are associated with tachyarrhythmias, typically the ventricular tachycardia torsade de pointes (TdP). TdP is usually self-terminating, thus causing a syncopal event, the most common symptom in individuals with LQTS. Such cardiac events typically occur during exercise and emotional stress, less frequently during sleep, and usually without warning. In some instances, TdP degenerates to ventricular fibrillation and causes aborted cardiac arrest (if the individual is defibrillated) or sudden death. Approximately 50% of untreated individuals with a pathogenic variant in one of the genes associated with LQTS have symptoms, usually one to a few syncopal events. While cardiac events may occur from infancy through middle age, they are most common from the preteen years through the 20s. Some types of LQTS are associated with a phenotype extending beyond cardiac arrhythmia. In addition to the prolonged QT interval, associations include muscle weakness and facial dysmorphism in Andersen-Tawil syndrome (LQTS type 7); hand/foot, facial, and neurodevelopmental features in Timothy syndrome (LQTS type 8); and profound sensorineural hearing loss in Jervell and Lange-Nielson syndrome. [from GeneReviews]

A rare, genetic, non-severe combined immunodeficiency disease characterized by immunodeficiency (manifested by recurrent and/or severe bacterial and viral infections), destructive noninfectious granulomas involving skin, mucosa and internal organs, and various autoimmune manifestations (including cytopenias, vitiligo, psoriasis, myasthenia gravis, enteropathy). Immunophenotypically, T-cell and B-cell lymphopenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, abnormal specific antibody production and impaired T-cell function are observed. [from ORDO]

A rare hereditary angio-oedema characterised by potentially life-threatening episodes of subcutaneous and/or submucosal oedema without urticaria, associated with C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency. Hereditary angio-oedema (HAE) type 1 is caused by quantitative, HAE type 2 by qualitative defects of C1-INH. The two subtypes are clinically indistinguishable. Patients may present at any age (but most commonly in childhood) with recurrent attacks of nonpitting oedema of the skin, severe abdominal symptoms such as pain and swelling, and/or respiratory distress due to upper respiratory airways involvement. Genital, bladder, muscle or joint swelling may occur in some cases. [from SNOMEDCT_US]