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Leukemoid reaction of the newborn

MedGen UID:
760708
•Concept ID:
C3536761
•
Finding
Synonyms: Infantile pseudoleukemia; Transient Leukemoid Reaction of the Newborn
SNOMED CT: Leukemoid reaction of the newborn (191273000); Infantile pseudoleukemia (191273000)

Definition

Increased white blood cell count and increased neutrophil precursors resembling leukemia in a neonate or fetus. Often, this is a response to medications received, infection or Down syndrome. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLeukemoid reaction of the newborn

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Rapid next-generation sequencing aids in diagnosis of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in a phenotypically normal newborn.
Aziz-Bose R, Wachter F, Chiarle R, Lindeman NI, Kim AS, Degar BA, Davies K, Pikman Y
Blood Adv 2022 May 10;6(9):2893-2896. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006865. PMID: 35090166Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Landscape of driver mutations and their clinical effects on Down syndrome-related myeloid neoplasms.
Sato T, Yoshida K, Toki T, Kanezaki R, Terui K, Saiki R, Ojima M, Ochi Y, Mizuno S, Yoshihara M, Uechi T, Kenmochi N, Tanaka S, Matsubayashi J, Kisai K, Kudo K, Yuzawa K, Takahashi Y, Tanaka T, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi A, Kamio T, Sasaki S, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Muramatsu H, Hama A, Hasegawa D, Sato A, Koh K, Karakawa S, Kobayashi M, Hara J, Taneyama Y, Imai C, Hasegawa D, Fujita N, Yoshitomi M, Iwamoto S, Yamato G, Saida S, Kiyokawa N, Deguchi T, Ito M, Matsuo H, Adachi S, Hayashi Y, Taga T, Saito AM, Horibe K, Watanabe K, Tomizawa D, Miyano S, Takahashi S, Ogawa S, Ito E
Blood 2024 Jun 20;143(25):2627-2643. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023022247. PMID: 38513239
Hematological disorders in children with Down syndrome.
Triarico S, Trombatore G, Capozza MA, Romano A, Mastrangelo S, Attinà G, Maurizi P, Ruggiero A
Expert Rev Hematol 2022 Feb;15(2):127-135. Epub 2022 Feb 28 doi: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2044780. PMID: 35184659
Neonatal Leukemia.
Brown PA
Clin Perinatol 2021 Mar;48(1):15-33. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.11.002. PMID: 33583502
Feeding problems and gastrointestinal diseases in Down syndrome.
Ravel A, Mircher C, Rebillat AS, Cieuta-Walti C, Megarbane A
Arch Pediatr 2020 Jan;27(1):53-60. Epub 2019 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.11.008. PMID: 31784293
Leukemoid reaction in the pediatric population: etiologies, outcome, and implications.
Hoofien A, Yarden-Bilavski H, Ashkenazi S, Chodick G, Livni G
Eur J Pediatr 2018 Jul;177(7):1029-1036. Epub 2018 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3155-5. PMID: 29696475

Diagnosis

Hematological disorders in children with Down syndrome.
Triarico S, Trombatore G, Capozza MA, Romano A, Mastrangelo S, Attinà G, Maurizi P, Ruggiero A
Expert Rev Hematol 2022 Feb;15(2):127-135. Epub 2022 Feb 28 doi: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2044780. PMID: 35184659
Feeding problems and gastrointestinal diseases in Down syndrome.
Ravel A, Mircher C, Rebillat AS, Cieuta-Walti C, Megarbane A
Arch Pediatr 2020 Jan;27(1):53-60. Epub 2019 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.11.008. PMID: 31784293
Placental Pathology in Down Syndrome-Associated Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis.
Kuo E, Kumarapeli AR
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2020 Mar;144(3):388-393. Epub 2019 Apr 10 doi: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0248-RS. PMID: 30969155
Leukemoid reaction in the pediatric population: etiologies, outcome, and implications.
Hoofien A, Yarden-Bilavski H, Ashkenazi S, Chodick G, Livni G
Eur J Pediatr 2018 Jul;177(7):1029-1036. Epub 2018 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3155-5. PMID: 29696475
Leukemoid Reaction--A Tale of 50 Years.
Mandal P, Mukherjee SB
Indian Pediatr 2015 Nov;52(11):973-4. doi: 10.1007/s13312-015-0755-2. PMID: 26615346

Therapy

Cytokine profiling in 128 patients with transient abnormal myelopoiesis: a report from the JPLSG TAM-10 trial.
Yamato G, Tsumura Y, Muramatsu H, Shimada A, Imaizumi T, Tsukagoshi H, Kaburagi T, Shiba N, Yamada Y, Deguchi T, Kawai T, Terui K, Ito E, Watanabe K, Hayashi Y
Blood Adv 2024 Jun 25;8(12):3120-3129. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011628. PMID: 38691583Free PMC Article
Low-dose cytarabine to prevent myeloid leukemia in children with Down syndrome: TMD Prevention 2007 study.
Flasinski M, Scheibke K, Zimmermann M, Creutzig U, Reinhardt K, Verwer F, de Haas V, van der Velden VHJ, von Neuhoff C, Zwaan CM, Reinhardt D, Klusmann JH
Blood Adv 2018 Jul 10;2(13):1532-1540. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018018945. PMID: 29959152Free PMC Article
Extreme hyperleucocytosis of the premature.
Jansen E, Emmen J, Mohns T, Donker A
BMJ Case Rep 2013 Apr 19;2013 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-008385. PMID: 23606381Free PMC Article
Cutaneous pustular leukemoid reactions in trisomy 21.
Burch JM, Weston WL, Rogers M, Morelli JG
Pediatr Dermatol 2003 May-Jun;20(3):232-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1470.2003.20310.x. PMID: 12787273
Leukemoid reaction in extremely low-birth-weight infants.
Rastogi S, Rastogi D, Sundaram R, Kulpa J, Parekh AJ
Am J Perinatol 1999;16(2):93-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-993843. PMID: 10355917

Prognosis

Landscape of driver mutations and their clinical effects on Down syndrome-related myeloid neoplasms.
Sato T, Yoshida K, Toki T, Kanezaki R, Terui K, Saiki R, Ojima M, Ochi Y, Mizuno S, Yoshihara M, Uechi T, Kenmochi N, Tanaka S, Matsubayashi J, Kisai K, Kudo K, Yuzawa K, Takahashi Y, Tanaka T, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi A, Kamio T, Sasaki S, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Muramatsu H, Hama A, Hasegawa D, Sato A, Koh K, Karakawa S, Kobayashi M, Hara J, Taneyama Y, Imai C, Hasegawa D, Fujita N, Yoshitomi M, Iwamoto S, Yamato G, Saida S, Kiyokawa N, Deguchi T, Ito M, Matsuo H, Adachi S, Hayashi Y, Taga T, Saito AM, Horibe K, Watanabe K, Tomizawa D, Miyano S, Takahashi S, Ogawa S, Ito E
Blood 2024 Jun 20;143(25):2627-2643. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023022247. PMID: 38513239
Death of children with Down syndrome by gestational age and cause.
Shimokaze T, Toyoshima K, Saito T, Katsumata K, Kemmotsu T, Ishikawa H, Kurosawa K
Pediatr Res 2024 Apr;95(5):1325-1330. Epub 2023 Oct 28 doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02870-1. PMID: 37898703
Hematological disorders in children with Down syndrome.
Triarico S, Trombatore G, Capozza MA, Romano A, Mastrangelo S, Attinà G, Maurizi P, Ruggiero A
Expert Rev Hematol 2022 Feb;15(2):127-135. Epub 2022 Feb 28 doi: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2044780. PMID: 35184659
Factors influencing platelet normalization of transient abnormal myelopoiesis.
Nakamura W, Goto H, Hayashi A, Keino D, Sugiyama M, Miyagawa N, Iwasaki F, Hamanoue S, Yokosuka T, Goto S, Toyoshima K
Pediatr Int 2020 Aug;62(8):907-910. Epub 2020 Jul 9 doi: 10.1111/ped.14214. PMID: 32124502
Recent advances in the understanding of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down syndrome.
Watanabe K
Pediatr Int 2019 Mar;61(3):222-229. Epub 2019 Mar 4 doi: 10.1111/ped.13776. PMID: 30593694

Clinical prediction guides

Factors influencing platelet normalization of transient abnormal myelopoiesis.
Nakamura W, Goto H, Hayashi A, Keino D, Sugiyama M, Miyagawa N, Iwasaki F, Hamanoue S, Yokosuka T, Goto S, Toyoshima K
Pediatr Int 2020 Aug;62(8):907-910. Epub 2020 Jul 9 doi: 10.1111/ped.14214. PMID: 32124502
Recent advances in the understanding of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down syndrome.
Watanabe K
Pediatr Int 2019 Mar;61(3):222-229. Epub 2019 Mar 4 doi: 10.1111/ped.13776. PMID: 30593694
Isolated thrombocytopenia in childhood: what if it is not immune thrombocytopenia?
Lee AC
Singapore Med J 2018 Jul;59(7):390-393. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2018089. PMID: 30109354Free PMC Article
Leukemoid reaction in the pediatric population: etiologies, outcome, and implications.
Hoofien A, Yarden-Bilavski H, Ashkenazi S, Chodick G, Livni G
Eur J Pediatr 2018 Jul;177(7):1029-1036. Epub 2018 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3155-5. PMID: 29696475
Down's syndrome and leukemia: epidemiology, genetics, cytogenetics and mechanisms of leukemogenesis.
Fong CT, Brodeur GM
Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1987 Sep;28(1):55-76. doi: 10.1016/0165-4608(87)90354-2. PMID: 2955886

Recent systematic reviews

Prenatal therapy in transient abnormal myelopoiesis: a systematic review.
Tamblyn JA, Norton A, Spurgeon L, Donovan V, Bedford Russell A, Bonnici J, Perkins K, Vyas P, Roberts I, Kilby MD
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2016 Jan;101(1):F67-71. Epub 2015 May 8 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-308004. PMID: 25956670

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