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Lentigo Maligna

MedGen UID:
57443
•Concept ID:
C0149722
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Freckle, Hutchinson's Melanotic; Freckle, Melanotic; Freckles, Melanotic; Hutchinson Melanotic Freckle; Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle; Hutchinsons Melanotic Freckle; Lentigo, Malignant; Lentigos, Malignant; Malignant Lentigo; Malignant Lentigos; Melanotic Freckle; Melanotic Freckle, Hutchinson's; Melanotic Freckles
SNOMED CT: Hutchinson's melanotic freckle (61217001); Lentigo maligna (61217001); Hutchinson melanotic freckle (61217001); Lentigo maligna (302836005); LM - Lentigo maligna (302836005)

Definition

An atypical proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction, without infiltration of the papillary or reticular dermis. The melanocytic proliferation is associated with actinic damage and epidermal atrophy. It usually occurs in the sun-exposed skin of elderly people. It is a form of melanoma in situ. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLentigo Maligna

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Update on Lentigo Maligna: Diagnostic Signs and Treatment.
Requena C, Manrique E, Nagore E
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2023 May;114(5):413-424. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.02.019. PMID: 36925098
Lentigo maligna: diagnosis and treatment.
De Luca EV, Perino F, Di Stefani A, Coco V, Fossati B, Peris K
G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2020 Apr;155(2):179-189. Epub 2018 Apr 19 doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.18.06003-0. PMID: 29683288
Guidelines of care for the management of primary cutaneous melanoma.
Swetter SM, Tsao H, Bichakjian CK, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Elder DE, Gershenwald JE, Guild V, Grant-Kels JM, Halpern AC, Johnson TM, Sober AJ, Thompson JA, Wisco OJ, Wyatt S, Hu S, Lamina T
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jan;80(1):208-250. Epub 2018 Nov 1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.08.055. PMID: 30392755

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Molecular Markers and Targets in Melanoma.
Teixido C, Castillo P, Martinez-Vila C, Arance A, Alos L
Cells 2021 Sep 5;10(9) doi: 10.3390/cells10092320. PMID: 34571969Free PMC Article
Histopathologic classification and prognostic factors of melanoma: a 2021 update.
Bobos M
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021 Jun;156(3):300-321. Epub 2021 May 13 doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06958-3. PMID: 33982546
The 2018 World Health Organization Classification of Cutaneous, Mucosal, and Uveal Melanoma: Detailed Analysis of 9 Distinct Subtypes Defined by Their Evolutionary Pathway.
Elder DE, Bastian BC, Cree IA, Massi D, Scolyer RA
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2020 Apr;144(4):500-522. Epub 2020 Feb 14 doi: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0561-RA. PMID: 32057276
Melanomas.
Longo C, Pellacani G
Dermatol Clin 2016 Oct;34(4):411-419. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2016.05.004. PMID: 27692447
Lentigo maligna.
Samaniego E, Redondo P
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2013 Nov;104(9):757-75. Epub 2012 Jul 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.05.006. PMID: 22857817

Diagnosis

Lentigo maligna: a review.
Karponis D, Stratigos IA, Joshy J, Craig PJ, Mistry K, van Bodegraven B, Venables ZC, Levell NJ
Clin Exp Dermatol 2024 Feb 14;49(3):218-225. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad394. PMID: 37966718
Histopathologic classification and prognostic factors of melanoma: a 2021 update.
Bobos M
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021 Jun;156(3):300-321. Epub 2021 May 13 doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06958-3. PMID: 33982546
Lentigo maligna: diagnosis and treatment.
De Luca EV, Perino F, Di Stefani A, Coco V, Fossati B, Peris K
G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2020 Apr;155(2):179-189. Epub 2018 Apr 19 doi: 10.23736/S0392-0488.18.06003-0. PMID: 29683288
Melanomas.
Longo C, Pellacani G
Dermatol Clin 2016 Oct;34(4):411-419. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2016.05.004. PMID: 27692447
Lentigo maligna.
Samaniego E, Redondo P
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2013 Nov;104(9):757-75. Epub 2012 Jul 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.05.006. PMID: 22857817

Therapy

Lentigo maligna (melanoma): A systematic review and meta-analysis on surgical techniques and presurgical mapping by reflectance confocal microscopy.
Elshot YS, Tio DCKS, van Haersma-de With ASE, Ouwerkerk W, Zupan-Kajcovski B, Crijns MB, Limpens CEJM, Klop WMC, Bekkenk MW, Balm AJM, de Rie MA
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023 May;37(5):871-883. Epub 2023 Jan 31 doi: 10.1111/jdv.18880. PMID: 36652277
Molecular Markers and Targets in Melanoma.
Teixido C, Castillo P, Martinez-Vila C, Arance A, Alos L
Cells 2021 Sep 5;10(9) doi: 10.3390/cells10092320. PMID: 34571969Free PMC Article
Topical treatments for skin cancer.
Cullen JK, Simmons JL, Parsons PG, Boyle GM
Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020 Jan 1;153:54-64. Epub 2019 Nov 6 doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.11.002. PMID: 31705912
Lentigo maligna.
Samaniego E, Redondo P
Actas Dermosifiliogr 2013 Nov;104(9):757-75. Epub 2012 Jul 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.05.006. PMID: 22857817
Azelaic acid. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in acne and hyperpigmentary skin disorders.
Fitton A, Goa KL
Drugs 1991 May;41(5):780-98. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199141050-00007. PMID: 1712709

Prognosis

Classification and Staging of Melanoma in the Head and Neck.
Bunnell AM, Nedrud SM, Fernandes RP
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2022 May;34(2):221-234. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2021.12.001. PMID: 35491079
Molecular Markers and Targets in Melanoma.
Teixido C, Castillo P, Martinez-Vila C, Arance A, Alos L
Cells 2021 Sep 5;10(9) doi: 10.3390/cells10092320. PMID: 34571969Free PMC Article
Histopathologic classification and prognostic factors of melanoma: a 2021 update.
Bobos M
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021 Jun;156(3):300-321. Epub 2021 May 13 doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06958-3. PMID: 33982546
Management of Early-Stage Melanoma.
Quintanilla-Dieck MJ, Bichakjian CK
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2019 Feb;27(1):35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2018.08.003. PMID: 30420071
Lentigo maligna melanoma--the review.
Situm M, Bolanca Z, Buljan M
Coll Antropol 2010 Apr;34 Suppl 2:299-301. PMID: 21305747

Clinical prediction guides

Lentigo maligna: a review.
Karponis D, Stratigos IA, Joshy J, Craig PJ, Mistry K, van Bodegraven B, Venables ZC, Levell NJ
Clin Exp Dermatol 2024 Feb 14;49(3):218-225. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad394. PMID: 37966718
Lentigo maligna (melanoma): A systematic review and meta-analysis on surgical techniques and presurgical mapping by reflectance confocal microscopy.
Elshot YS, Tio DCKS, van Haersma-de With ASE, Ouwerkerk W, Zupan-Kajcovski B, Crijns MB, Limpens CEJM, Klop WMC, Bekkenk MW, Balm AJM, de Rie MA
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023 May;37(5):871-883. Epub 2023 Jan 31 doi: 10.1111/jdv.18880. PMID: 36652277
Classification and Staging of Melanoma in the Head and Neck.
Bunnell AM, Nedrud SM, Fernandes RP
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2022 May;34(2):221-234. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2021.12.001. PMID: 35491079
Histopathologic classification and prognostic factors of melanoma: a 2021 update.
Bobos M
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021 Jun;156(3):300-321. Epub 2021 May 13 doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06958-3. PMID: 33982546
Azelaic acid.
Nazzaro-Porro M
J Am Acad Dermatol 1987 Dec;17(6):1033-41. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(87)70294-1. PMID: 2963038

Recent systematic reviews

Lentigo maligna (melanoma): A systematic review and meta-analysis on surgical techniques and presurgical mapping by reflectance confocal microscopy.
Elshot YS, Tio DCKS, van Haersma-de With ASE, Ouwerkerk W, Zupan-Kajcovski B, Crijns MB, Limpens CEJM, Klop WMC, Bekkenk MW, Balm AJM, de Rie MA
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023 May;37(5):871-883. Epub 2023 Jan 31 doi: 10.1111/jdv.18880. PMID: 36652277
Radiotherapy for lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma - a systematic review.
Hendrickx A, Cozzio A, Plasswilm L, Panje CM
Radiat Oncol 2020 Jul 14;15(1):174. doi: 10.1186/s13014-020-01615-2. PMID: 32664998Free PMC Article
Topical treatments for skin cancer.
Cullen JK, Simmons JL, Parsons PG, Boyle GM
Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020 Jan 1;153:54-64. Epub 2019 Nov 6 doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.11.002. PMID: 31705912
A systematic review on the role of imiquimod in lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma: need for standardization of treatment schedule and outcome measures.
Tio D, van der Woude J, Prinsen CAC, Jansma EP, Hoekzema R, van Montfrans C
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017 Apr;31(4):616-624. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1111/jdv.14085. PMID: 27987308
A systematic review of non-surgical treatments for lentigo maligna.
Read T, Noonan C, David M, Wagels M, Foote M, Schaider H, Soyer HP, Smithers BM
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016 May;30(5):748-53. Epub 2015 Aug 24 doi: 10.1111/jdv.13252. PMID: 26299846

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