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Anemia of prematurity

MedGen UID:
472907
•Concept ID:
C0158996
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Anemia of Prematurity; anemia of prematurity; AOP
SNOMED CT: Anemia of prematurity (47100003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001239

Definition

A blood disorder characterized by low hemoglobin levels in premature neonates that usually spontaneously resolves within 3-6 months post birth. A combination of factors including the transition from the liver to the bone marrow for erythropoiesis in a neonate, blood loss experienced during delivery, the shortened life span of fetal blood cells, and an acclimation to a relatively hyperoxic environment outside the womb can predispose a neonate to this condition. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAnemia of prematurity

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Reticulocyte hemoglobin content changes after treatment of anemia of prematurity.
Nii M, Okamoto T, Sugiyama T, Aoyama A, Nagaya K
Pediatr Int 2022 Jan;64(1):e15330. doi: 10.1111/ped.15330. PMID: 36321339
Treatment of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy with Erythropoietin Alone, and Erythropoietin Combined with Hypothermia: History, Current Status, and Future Research.
Oorschot DE, Sizemore RJ, Amer AR
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Feb 21;21(4) doi: 10.3390/ijms21041487. PMID: 32098276Free PMC Article
Current controversies in the management of the anemia of prematurity.
Bishara N, Ohls RK
Semin Perinatol 2009 Feb;33(1):29-34. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2008.10.006. PMID: 19167579

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Reticulocyte hemoglobin content changes after treatment of anemia of prematurity.
Nii M, Okamoto T, Sugiyama T, Aoyama A, Nagaya K
Pediatr Int 2022 Jan;64(1):e15330. doi: 10.1111/ped.15330. PMID: 36321339
Hemodynamics of different volumes of red blood cell transfusion in preterm infants.
Choi EK, Shin J, Kim GH, Choi BM
Pediatr Int 2021 Apr;63(4):410-414. doi: 10.1111/ped.14380. PMID: 32645234
Comparison of Placental and Neonatal Admission Complete Blood Cell Count and Blood Cultures.
Newberry DM
Adv Neonatal Care 2018 Jun;18(3):215-222. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000482. PMID: 29578894
A rational approach to red blood cell transfusion in the neonatal ICU.
Crowley M, Kirpalani H
Curr Opin Pediatr 2010 Apr;22(2):151-7. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e328336eb3e. PMID: 20087187
Anemia of prematurity.
Salsbury DC
Neonatal Netw 2001 Aug;20(5):13-20. doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.20.5.13. PMID: 12144218

Diagnosis

Neonatal Anemia.
German KR, Juul SE
Curr Pediatr Rev 2023;19(4):388-394. doi: 10.2174/1573396319666221121140627. PMID: 36411551
Neonatal anemia.
Aher S, Malwatkar K, Kadam S
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2008 Aug;13(4):239-47. Epub 2008 Apr 14 doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2008.02.009. PMID: 18411074
Anemia of prematurity.
Salsbury DC
Neonatal Netw 2001 Aug;20(5):13-20. doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.20.5.13. PMID: 12144218
Erythropoietin.
Erslev AJ
Leuk Res 1990;14(8):683-8. doi: 10.1016/0145-2126(90)90094-p. PMID: 2201820
Anemia of prematurity.
Stockman JA 3rd
Clin Perinatol 1977 Sep;4(2):239-57. PMID: 332429

Therapy

Red Blood Cell Transfusion Thresholds for Anemia of Prematurity.
Holzapfel LF, Rysavy MA, Bell EF
Neoreviews 2023 Jun 1;24(6):e370-e376. doi: 10.1542/neo.24-6-e370. PMID: 37258497Free PMC Article
Neonatal Anemia.
German KR, Juul SE
Curr Pediatr Rev 2023;19(4):388-394. doi: 10.2174/1573396319666221121140627. PMID: 36411551
A rational approach to red blood cell transfusion in the neonatal ICU.
Crowley M, Kirpalani H
Curr Opin Pediatr 2010 Apr;22(2):151-7. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e328336eb3e. PMID: 20087187
Use of erythropoietin in premature neonates: controversies and the future.
Wandstrat TL, Kaplan B
Ann Pharmacother 1995 Feb;29(2):166-73. doi: 10.1177/106002809502900212. PMID: 7756716
Erythropoietin.
Erslev AJ
Leuk Res 1990;14(8):683-8. doi: 10.1016/0145-2126(90)90094-p. PMID: 2201820

Prognosis

Anemia of Prematurity and Oral Feeding Milestones in Premature Infants.
Viswanathan S, Jadcherla S
Am J Perinatol 2021 May;38(6):553-559. Epub 2019 Nov 27 doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1700488. PMID: 31777047
Effect of short-term erythropoietin therapy in anemic premature infants.
Reiter PD, Rosenberg AA, Valuck R, Novak K
J Perinatol 2005 Feb;25(2):125-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211220. PMID: 15526012
Do cardiac output and serum lactate levels indicate blood transfusion requirements in anemia of prematurity?
Möller JC, Schwarz U, Schaible TF, Artlich A, Tegtmeyer FK, Gortner L
Intensive Care Med 1996 May;22(5):472-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01712170. PMID: 8796405
Anesthesia and apnea. Perioperative considerations in the former preterm infant.
Welborn LG, Greenspun JC
Pediatr Clin North Am 1994 Feb;41(1):181-98. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38698-9. PMID: 8295802
Assessing the need for transfusion of premature infants and role of hematocrit, clinical signs, and erythropoietin level.
Keyes WG, Donohue PK, Spivak JL, Jones MD Jr, Oski FA
Pediatrics 1989 Sep;84(3):412-7. PMID: 2771544

Clinical prediction guides

Differences in Cerebral Tissue Oxygenation in Preterm Neonates Receiving Adult or Cord Blood Red Blood Cell Transfusions.
Pellegrino C, Papacci P, Beccia F, Serrao F, Cantone GV, Cannetti G, Giannantonio C, Vento G, Teofili L
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Nov 1;6(11):e2341643. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.41643. PMID: 37934499Free PMC Article
Anemia of Prematurity and Oral Feeding Milestones in Premature Infants.
Viswanathan S, Jadcherla S
Am J Perinatol 2021 May;38(6):553-559. Epub 2019 Nov 27 doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1700488. PMID: 31777047
A rational approach to red blood cell transfusion in the neonatal ICU.
Crowley M, Kirpalani H
Curr Opin Pediatr 2010 Apr;22(2):151-7. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e328336eb3e. PMID: 20087187
A cost analysis comparing erythropoietin and red cell transfusions in the treatment of anemia of prematurity.
Fain J, Hilsenrath P, Widness JA, Strauss RG, Mutnick AH
Transfusion 1995 Nov-Dec;35(11):936-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1995.351196110899.x. PMID: 8604492
Anesthesia and apnea. Perioperative considerations in the former preterm infant.
Welborn LG, Greenspun JC
Pediatr Clin North Am 1994 Feb;41(1):181-98. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38698-9. PMID: 8295802

Recent systematic reviews

Clinical Outcomes Related to the Gastrointestinal Trophic Effects of Erythropoietin in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Ananthan A, Balasubramanian H, Rao S, Patole S
Adv Nutr 2018 May 1;9(3):238-246. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy005. PMID: 29767696Free PMC Article

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