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Hyperchloremic acidosis

MedGen UID:
43207
Concept ID:
C0085569
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Metabolic acidosis, NAG, acidifying salts; Metabolic acidosis, normal anion gap, acidifying salts
SNOMED CT: Metabolic acidosis, normal anion gap, acidifying salts (18104000); Metabolic acidosis, NAG, acidifying salts (18104000); Hyperchloremic acidosis (18104000)
 
HPO: HP:0001995

Definition

Acidosis (pH less than 7.35) that develops with an increase in ionic chloride. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHyperchloremic acidosis

Conditions with this feature

Proximal renal tubular acidosis
MedGen UID:
82804
Concept ID:
C0268435
Disease or Syndrome
A type of renal tubular acidosis characterized by a failure of the proximal tubular cells to reabsorb bicarbonate, leading to urinary bicarbonate wasting and subsequent acidemia.
Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2A
MedGen UID:
327088
Concept ID:
C1840389
Disease or Syndrome
Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII) is characterized by hyperkalemia despite normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and frequently by hypertension. Other associated findings in both children and adults include hyperchloremia, metabolic acidosis, and suppressed plasma renin levels. Aldosterone levels are variable, but are relatively low given the degree of hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium is a potent stimulus for aldosterone secretion). Hypercalciuria is well described.
Autosomal recessive proximal renal tubular acidosis
MedGen UID:
370883
Concept ID:
C1970309
Disease or Syndrome
Proximal renal tubular acidosis-ocular anomaly syndrome (PRTAO) is a rare autosomal recessive systemic disease resulting from isolated impairment of bicarbonate (HCO3-) reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules, which is characterized by a decreased renal HCO3- threshold. Affected individuals exhibit stunted growth and eye anomalies, including band keratopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma. Affected individuals may also exhibit impaired intellectual development and dental defects (Igarashi et al., 2001; Inatomi et al., 2004; Dinour et al., 2004).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Haines RW, Kirwan CJ, Prowle JR
Semin Nephrol 2019 Sep;39(5):473-483. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.06.007. PMID: 31514911
Chuang CL
Contrib Nephrol 2016;187:84-93. Epub 2016 Feb 8 doi: 10.1159/000442368. PMID: 26882226
Schindler AW, Marx G
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2016 Apr;29(2):158-65. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000303. PMID: 26784351

Recent clinical studies

Therapy

Monnet X, Lai C, Teboul JL
Crit Care 2023 Mar 24;27(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s13054-023-04363-3. PMID: 36964573Free PMC Article
Rewers A, Kuppermann N, Stoner MJ, Garro A, Bennett JE, Quayle KS, Schunk JE, Myers SR, McManemy JK, Nigrovic LE, Trainor JL, Tzimenatos L, Kwok MY, Brown KM, Olsen CS, Casper TC, Ghetti S, Glaser NS; Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) FLUID Study Group
Diabetes Care 2021 Sep;44(9):2061-2068. Epub 2021 Jun 29 doi: 10.2337/dc20-3113. PMID: 34187840Free PMC Article
Hoorn EJ
J Nephrol 2017 Aug;30(4):485-492. Epub 2016 Nov 29 doi: 10.1007/s40620-016-0363-9. PMID: 27900717Free PMC Article
Schindler AW, Marx G
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2016 Apr;29(2):158-65. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000303. PMID: 26784351
Barker ME
J Trauma Nurs 2015 Mar-Apr;22(2):111-6. doi: 10.1097/JTN.0000000000000115. PMID: 25768968

Prognosis

Loftus TJ, Efron PA, Bala TM, Rosenthal MD, Croft CA, Smith RS, Moore FA, Mohr AM, Brakenridge SC
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Feb;84(2):350-357. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001730. PMID: 29140948Free PMC Article
Silva JM Jr, Ribas Rosa de Oliveira AM, Mendes Nogueira FA, Vianna PM, Amendola CP, Carvalho Carmona MJ, Sá Malbouisson LM
Anesth Analg 2016 Nov;123(5):1163-1171. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001575. PMID: 27644062
Barker ME
J Trauma Nurs 2015 Mar-Apr;22(2):111-6. doi: 10.1097/JTN.0000000000000115. PMID: 25768968
Brill SA, Stewart TR, Brundage SI, Schreiber MA
Shock 2002 Jun;17(6):459-62. doi: 10.1097/00024382-200206000-00003. PMID: 12069180
Fichtner J
Urol Int 1999;63(1):40-5. doi: 10.1159/000030417. PMID: 10592489

Clinical prediction guides

Fechner A, Hubert K, Jahnke K, Knake S, Konczalla J, Menzler K, Ronellenfitsch MW, Rosenow F, Strzelczyk A
Epilepsia 2019 Dec;60(12):2448-2458. Epub 2019 Nov 11 doi: 10.1111/epi.16382. PMID: 31713232
Yang J, Zhao JX, Wang Y, Chen G, Cheng WN, Luo X, Pei XT, Zhao L, Su Q, Zhou H
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2016;44(1):48-55. Epub 2014 Apr 3 doi: 10.3109/21691401.2014.901335. PMID: 24697727
Magder S
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2014 Sep;28(3):235-47. Epub 2014 Jul 18 doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2014.07.001. PMID: 25208959
Fichtner J
Urol Int 1999;63(1):40-5. doi: 10.1159/000030417. PMID: 10592489
Brivet F, Bernardin M, Cherin P, Chalas J, Galanaud P, Dormont J
Intensive Care Med 1994;20(1):27-31. doi: 10.1007/BF02425050. PMID: 8163754

Recent systematic reviews

Habbous S, Przech S, Acedillo R, Sarma S, Garg AX, Martin J
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017 Jan 1;32(1):111-125. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfw312. PMID: 27651467
Guellec I, Gascoin G, Beuchee A, Boubred F, Tourneux P, Ramful D, Zana-Taieb E, Baud O
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015 Dec;61(6):605-9. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000898. PMID: 26147627

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